M'malire a Sonora ndi Chihuahua, komwe mapiri sawulula konse za amuna, ma Pimas otsika, mbadwa zamagulu azikhalidwe zomwe kale zinkakhala mdera lalikulu, amakhala mdera laling'ono, kuyambira kumwera kwa Sonora mpaka Mtsinje wa Gila. Munthawi yogonjetsa komanso atsamunda, adalekanitsidwa ndi abale awo, omwe adathawira kuchipululu.
Kudzipatula komwe maderawa akukhala ndichabwino kwambiri; komabe, mu 1991 Abambo David José Beaumont adabwera kudzakhala nawo, omwe atawadziwa komanso kuphunzira njira yawo yamoyo, adatha kuwakhulupirira.
Abambo David adakhazikika ku Yécora, Sonora, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko adayendera matauni a Los Pilares, El Kipor, Los Encinos ndi La Dura nyumba ndi nyumba. Anthu anali kugawana naye zikhalidwe zawo, mbiri yawo, nthawi yawo, chakudya chawo; ndipo munjira imeneyi kuti adatha kuzindikira kuti gawo lina la miyambo yake ndi zikhulupiriro zake zidatayika.
Panthawiyo adapita kukachezera a Yaquis ndi Mayos aku Sonora ndi a Pimas a Chihuahua kuti akaphunzire za miyambo yawo kuti athe kuthandiza a Pimas a Maycoba ndi Yécora kupulumutsa yawo. A Pimas eni ake adauza abambowo kuti anali ndi magule, nyimbo, miyambo, miyambo, zomwe sizimakumbukiridwanso. Chifukwa chake adakhazikitsa gulu la azibusa wamba kuti lifufuze onse omwe amasunga zochitika zakale kuti ziwakumbukire, ndipo adatsata nthano zomwe zidawonetsa njira yoyambiriranso ndikupulumutsa chikhalidwe chawo chomwe chidayiwalika.
Kuchokera pazithunzi zoyimilidwa m'mapanga omwe amapezeka mozungulira, momwe mbawala imawonekera mobwerezabwereza, akulu omwewo adalumikiza zithunzizi ndi gule lomwe amati limachitika pakati pa makolo awo. Tsopano, azimayi a Pima akubweretsa Dance ya Venado kumalo awo azikhalidwe zachilengedwe ngati chinthu chapadera kwambiri.
MPINGO WA SAN FRANCISCO DE BORJA DE MAYCOBA
Tchalitchi chakale cha Maycoba chidakhazikitsidwa ndi dzina la San Francisco de Borja mu 1676. Amishonale ake oyamba anali Ajezwiti. Iwo, kuwonjezera pa ntchito yawo yolalikira m'derali, adabweretsa ziweto ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana, ndikuphunzitsanso anthu a Pima zaulimi.
Cha m'ma 1690 panali kuwukira kwa a Tarahumara motsutsana ndi aku Spain; Anaotcha mipingo ya Maycoba ndi Yécora ndikuiwononga m'masabata awiri okha. Sizikudziwika ngati adamangidwanso kapena adasiyidwa kukhala mabwinja, chifukwa makoma a adobe anali wokulirapo kotero kuti sanawonongedwe kotheratu. Gawo lomwe silinawonongeke kwambiri lidapitilizidwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi abambo achiJesuit mpaka 1767, pomwe adathamangitsidwa ku New Spain ndipo mishoni za Pima zidaperekedwa m'manja mwa a Franciscans.
KUKONZEKETSA KWA MPINGO WATSOPANO
Popeza abambo David adafika ku Maycoba, zomwe a Pima adamufunsa kwambiri ndikumanganso tchalitchicho. Kuti akwaniritse ntchitoyi, amayenera kuyenda maulendo angapo kuti akapemphe thandizo la ndalama ku Federal Electricity Commission, INI, INAH, Chikhalidwe Chotchuka ndi akuluakulu a Tchalitchi cha Katolika, komanso kuti apeze chilolezo chomanga nyumba ndi kuti amisiri omanga mapulani kuti abwere kudzawona.
Mpingo wakale unamangidwa ndi manja a a Pima mu 1676; ma adobes adapangidwa okha. Chifukwa chake, abambo David adakwanitsa kuti ikamangidwenso ndi ma pimas apano. Pafupifupi zikwi zisanu za adobes zidapangidwa ngati zomwe zidalipo kale zomwe zidachitika kale, kuti apange gawo loyamba la kachisi. Mawonekedwe oyambira a maziko adatengedwa ndipo kuchokera pamenepo kumangidwako kunatsatiridwa: kukula kofanana ndi makulidwe amakoma a pafupifupi mita ziwiri m'lifupi, kutalika kwa mita zitatu ndi theka. Khama la a Pima monga omanga miyala linali lamphamvu, makamaka chifukwa chakuti amafuna kuti tchalitchi chawo chibwerere m'zaka za zana lino, kumene miyambo yawo yambiri inali pafupi kutha.
PIMASI WAKALE AMAPHA
Pali mapanga pafupifupi 40 m'chigawo chonse pakati pa Yécora ndi Maycoba, momwe kale a Pima ankakhala; kumeneko amapemphera ndi miyambo yawo. Pali mabanja omwe amakhalamo. Zotsalira za mafupa, miphika, metates, guaris (mphasa), ndi zinthu zina zapakhomo zapezeka; komanso maliro akale kwambiri, monga ku Los Pilares, komwe banja lalikulu limakhala.
Pali mapanga akuluakulu, komanso ang'onoang'ono, momwe thupi limodzi limakwanira. Onse ndi opatulika, chifukwa amasunga zakale zawo. Timayendera atatu mwa iwo: phanga la Pinta, pomwe pali zojambula m'mapanga. Imafika pamsewu wochokera ku Yécora kupita ku Maycoba pamtunda wa makilomita 20, mumalowera ku Las Víboras kumanzere (mwa msewu wafumbi), kenako mumadutsa m'minda ya La Cebadilla, Los Horcones (mphindi 30, pafupifupi 8 km); Titafika ku famu ya Los Lajeros, tinasiya galimoto ndikuyenda kwa ola lathunthu, pakati pa mapiri, ndege komanso malo otsetsereka. Tsiku lotsatira tidapitanso m'mapanga ena awiri ku Las Playits ranch: kuyenda kilomita imodzi tidapeza zotsalira za pima wakale kwambiri ndipo kuchokera pamenepo tidapita ku famu ina komwe Manuel ndi mkazi wake Bertha Campa Revilla amakhala, omwe amatithandizira. Timayenda maphompho komanso otsetsereka, timapeza dziwe laling'ono lomwe amapangira ng'ombe, komwe kusambira bwino kumalakalaka. Popeza kumakhala kovuta kufikira m'mapanga ndikofunikira wowongolera, ndibwino kunena kuti Manuel ndi Bertha ali ndi malo odyera mumtsinje wa Mulatos, 26 km kuchokera ku Yécora kulowera ku Maycoba; Amakhala pamenepo nthawi zonse, ndi chakudya chawo chokoma: machaca, mikate ya ufa, nyemba za Sonoran, tchizi watsopano ndi tchizi zochokera kudera la Chihuahua, ndi chakumwa chomwe chimatchedwa bacanora.
MITENGO IGWA MU MAYCOBA NDI DZIKO LA YÉCORA
Popeza kudulidwa kwa mitengo m'chigawochi kunayamba (tikulankhula zaka zambiri zapitazo), vutoli ladziwika m'mapiri ngakhale m'miyoyo ya mestizo ndi anthu amtundu wathu, popeza nkhalango ndi moyo wa a Pima. Tsopano mitengo yamapaini yatha ndipo ikupitilizabe ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri mderali womwe ndi thundu, wautali waukulu komanso wokongola modabwitsa. Kudula mitengo kukapitilira, mitengo ikuluikulu imatha komanso mitengo ya paini, ndipo tizingowona mapiri am'chipululu komanso kutha kwa nyama, mbalame ndi tizilombo. Ngati mitengo yomalizayi iwonongedwa, tsogolo la anthu a Pima lili pachiwopsezo; adzakakamizidwa kuti asamukire m'mizinda ikuluikulu kuti akapeze ntchito.
PIMA KULIMBIKITSA PA CHILENGEDWE CHA DZIKO LAPANSI
Pakutoma Mulungu acitisa anthu kukhala akuwanga kakamwe na akudzulu, mbwenye anthu anewa akhanyindira Mulungu. Kenako Mulungu anawalanga ndi madzi (chigumula) ndipo anatha. Kenako Mulungu anawapanganso ndipo anthu ananyalanyaza nawonso; Kenako Mulungu anatumiza Dzuwa kuti libwere pansi pano. Nthano imati dzuwa likamalowa, anthu amapita kukabisala m'mapanga kuti adziteteze kuti asawotchedwe mpaka kufa. Chifukwa chake kupezeka kwa mafupa m'mapanga. Kenako anthu adachitanso, omwe ndi a Pimas apano, koma akunena kuti monga dziko lapansi likupitilira chinthu chomwecho chidzachitika: Dzuwa lidzalowa ndikuwotcha chilichonse.
MUKAPITA KU YÉCORA
Kusiya Hermosillo, chakum'mawa, kulowera ku Cuauhtémoc (Chihuahua), pamsewu waukulu wa feduro. 16, mumadutsa ku La Coladaada, San José de Pimas, Tecoripa, Tonichi, Santa Rosa ndi Yécora (280 km). Kuchokera ku Yécora kupita ku Maycoba pali makilomita 51 ena pamsewu womwewo; Zimatenga maola 4 kuchokera ku Hermosillo kupita ku Yécora ndi ola limodzi kuchokera ku Yécora kupita ku Maycoba.
