Zolemba zakale za Tlaxcala zimabwerera m'mbuyomo asadafike aku Spain kudera lathu. Poyambirira, mzinda wapano udagawika m'miyambo inayi yayikulu: Tepeticpac, Ocotelulco, Quiahuixtlan ndi Tizatlán, omwe ngakhale anali odziyimira pawokha, panthawi yamavuto kapena kuwopseza dera lomwe lidalumikizana kuti likhale lofanana.
MALO A CHAKUDYA CHA CHIMANGWA KAPENA MA TORTILLAS
Tlaxcala ndi dzina lachi Nahuatl lomwe limatanthauza malo a mkate wa chimanga kapena mikate. Ili pamtunda wa makilomita 115 kuchokera ku Mexico City, komwe kumakhala kotentha komanso kumagwa mvula nthawi yotentha. Ili pagombe la 2,225 m pamwamba pamadzi.
Anthu a Tlaxcalans adamanga nyumba zaboma komanso zaboma, amakhala mofanana ndi ulimi. Hernán Cortés atafika m'malo ano, pafupifupi mu 1519, nzika zake zidamuphatikizira kuti agonjetse adani ake osatha: Mexica. Nyumba zoyambilira zidamangidwa m'chigawo chotchedwa Chalchihuapan Valley; Chifukwa chake, mzinda wa Tlaxcala udapangidwa ndi dzina la Tlaxcala de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, motsogozedwa ndi Don Diego Muñoz Camargo mu 1525, maziko othandizidwa ndi lamulo la Papa CIemente VII.
Chifukwa choti kuyambira m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri njerwa ndi talavera, zodziwika bwino m'chigawochi, zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba zake, ndipo kalembedwe kabuluu kanayamba kuzungulira zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi zokutira zokongola zoyera, mzindawu udapeza chithunzi cha m'tawuni kwambiri, kotero kuti adadziwika kuti Tlaxcala baroque. Popeza maziko a makolo awo, titha kupezabe nyumba zosiyanasiyana kuyambira zaka za 16, 17, 18 ndi 19 zili bwino. Amati mzindawu udayamba kumangidwa kuchokera ku Plaza de Armas, dzina lomwe pambuyo pake lidasinthidwa kukhala lomwe ladziwika lero, Plaza de laConstitución.
Bwaloli limangokhala kumpoto ndi Nyumba Yaboma, yomwe ntchito yomanga idayamba mu 1545. Nyumbayi ya m'zaka za zana la 16 imangosunga gawo lakumapeto kwa façade ndi zipilala zamkati, popeza yasinthidwa kangapo pomwe idakhalako. Mkati mwake titha kuwona chithunzi chabwino kwambiri chomwe chimatiuza mbiri ya Tlaxcala kuyambira nthawi zam'mbuyomu ku Puerto Rico mpaka zaka za zana la 19. Ntchitoyi idayamba mu 1957, ndi wojambula wotchuka wa Tlaxcala Desiderio Hernández Xochitiotzin.
Tikasangalala ndi chiwonetsero chokongola chomwe chithunzicho chikuyimira, titha kupita ku Parishi ya San José, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pakati pa zaka za zana la 17 ndi 18. Chojambula chake chachikulu chimakongoletsedwa ndi matope achikhalidwe a Tlaxcala Baroque, okutidwa ndi njerwa ndi matailosi a talavera. Chithunzi cha Saint Joseph chimaonekera pakatikati pachikuto chake.
Kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Plaza de la Constitución kuli Royal Chapel yakale ya amwenye, omwe mwala wawo woyamba udayikidwa mu 1528 ndi Friar Andrés de Córdoba, wolipiridwa ndi mamanodi anayi oyamba. Mu 1984 adabwezeretsa ndipo kuyambira pamenepo amakhala ndi Khothi Lamilandu. Pa msewu wa Juárez, kum'mawa kwa Plaza de la Constitución komanso m'chigawo chapakati cha doko la Hidalgo - chomangidwa ndi Don Diego Ramírez-, Nyumba ya Town Hall ili, yomwe idayamba m'zaka za zana la 16. Pofika mu 1985, boma la boma lidaganiza zopeza izi ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pazolinga zake.
Pomaliza, mbali yakumwera kwa bwaloli yatsekedwa ndi nyumba zingapo, pomwe Casa de Piedra imadziwika, nyumba yomangidwa mzaka za zana la 16, yomwe mbali yake ndiyopangidwa ndimiyala yaimvi kuchokera ku tawuni yoyandikana ndi Xaltocan ndipo ili ndi imodzi mahotela abwino kwambiri mtawuniyi. Pa Avenida Juárez, kutsogolo kwa Plaza Xicohtencatl, kuli Museum of Memory amakono. Kukhazikitsidwa m'nyumba yakale kuyambira mzaka zapitazi, kumapereka chiwonetsero chosafanana ndi mlendo.
KUDZERA KU CHIKHALIDWECHO
Kubwerera mmbuyo pang'ono, kuseri kwa Parroquia de San José, Plaza Juárez ili pamalo omwe kale anali msika wa mzindawu ndipo lero likupanga malo otseguka ndi chifanizo cha mkuwa cha Don Benito Juárez ndi kasupe ndi chosema chosema cha chiwombankhanga chikudya njoka. Chotsutsana nacho, pa Allende Street, ndi Nyumba Yamalamulo, yomangidwa mchaka cha 1992 komanso mpando wa State Legislative Power. Nyumba Yakale Yamalamulo ili m'misewu ya Lardizábal ndi Juárez. Façade wapangodya amapangidwa ndi mtundu wa miyala yamvi yambiri m'dera la Xaltocan. Mkati mwake, masitepe ake opindika okutidwa ndi dome lomwe limakumbukira zaluso zakujambulirali.
Masitepe ochepa kuchokera mnyumbayi, tikupeza Xicohtencatl Theatre, amodzi mwa malo oyamba ophunzitsidwa ndi zaluso m'bungweli. Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1873, koma mawonekedwe ake oyambilira adasinthidwa mu 1923 ndipo mu 1945 pomanga chitseko cha miyala mu kalembedwe ka neoclassical.
Pa Ave. Juárez tidzafika ku Palace of Culture, yomwe idayamba mchaka cha 1939 ndipo yomwe idayamba kukhala Institute of Higher Study of Tlaxcala ndipo yomwe kuyambira 1991 idabwezeretsedwanso kukhala likulu la Tlaxcala Institute of Culture. Mbali zake ndizakutidwa ndi njerwa petatillo, wokhala ndi kalembedwe kodziwika kalembedwe ka neoclassical.
Ulendo wathu wotsatira udatitengera kumalo akale achi Franciscan a Our Lady of the Assumption, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamisonkhano yoyamba ku America. Nyumba ya Franciscan idayamba kumangidwa mu 1537 ndipo ili ndi nyumba ziwiri. Imodzi ili pamwambapa ndipo ili ndi mizere itatu yayikulu yomwe imalumikiza belu nsanja. Mmenemo muli "posa chapel" yokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za San Francisco de Asís ndi Santo Domingo de Guzmán.
Kachisi wa amonkeyu pakadali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tchalitchi cham'deralo ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ovuta, koma mkati mwake mumakhala zodabwitsa zambiri, zomwe zimayambira ndi denga lokongola la matabwa la Mudejar, limodzi mwanjira zotetezedwa bwino kwambiri. Kumbali yake yakumwera chakum'mawa, titakwera masitepe apamwala, tinafika ku Chapel of the Good Neighbor, nyumba yovuta kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 17, yomwe ili m'manja mwa anthu ndipo ili yotseguka kuti ipembedzedwe masiku awiri: Lachinayi Loyera ndi woyamba wa Julayi. Tikamatsika kuchokera kuchipinda chaching'ono ichi timayamba kudziwa "Jorge El Ranchero Aguilar" Bullring.
Titayenda kwa nthawi yayitali, timayima kuti tidye chakudya wamba m'derali, monga nkhuku ya Xaltocan, ma escamoles, nyongolotsi zochepa kapena msuzi wokoma wa Tlaxcala. Chilakolako chathu chitakwanira, tinapita ku Living Museum of Popular Arts and Traditions of Tlaxcala, pa Ave. Emilio Sánchez Piedras no. 1, mu Nyumba Yaboma mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo.
Kuti timalize ulendo wathu ku mzinda wa Tlaxcala timapita ku Tchalitchi ndi Sanctuary ya Our Lady of Ocotlán, nyumba yachipembedzo yokongola pamtunda wa kilomita imodzi kum'mawa kwa mzinda. Nthano imanena kuti kachisi uyu adamangidwa pamalo pomwe mu 1541 Namwali Maria adawonekera kwa bambo wachilengedwe dzina lake Juan Diego Bernardino. Chowonekera chake chachikulu ndichikhalidwe cha Baroque ndipo chimakongoletsedwa ndi zipolopolo, nkhata zamaluwa zamaluwa ndi makangaza, komanso mabasiketi okhala ndi zokolola zomwe zimapanga ziboliboli 17, angelo 18 ndi zojambula 33 zosiyanasiyana. Chithunzi cha Namwali wa Ocotlán ndichokongola pamatabwa, polychrome komanso chopindika bwino. Chikondwerero chake chachikulu chimakondwerera Lolemba loyamba ndi lachitatu la Meyi, komwe mamiliyoni amwendamnjira ochokera konsekonse mdziko la Republic amabwera. Chifukwa chake, mzindawu wokongola ukuwonetsera zosankha zingapo, ndizodabwitsa zosiyanasiyana kwa alendo ambiri.
NGATI MUPITA KU TLAXCALA
Kuchokera ku Mexico City, tengani msewu waukulu. 150 Mexico-Puebla. Mukafika ku San Martín Texmelucan toll booth, pali kupatuka kwa mseu waukulu ayi. 117, yomwe itifikitsa ku mzinda wa Tlaxcala, 115 km kuchokera kulikulu. Kuchokera ku Puebla, tengani msewu wa federal no. 119 kuti titadutsa ku Zacatelco kumatitsogolera ku Tlaxcala, kapena khwalala ayi. 121 yomwe imadutsa Santa Ana Chaiutempan kukafika ku Santa Ana-Tlaxcala Boulevard. Gawoli silipitilira 32 km.
