Dziwani zambiri za mbiri ya Fleet Fair, yomwe idachitikira ku Xalapa koyamba mu 1721.
Mauricio Ramos
Zachidziwikire, zoperekedwa ndi amalonda a Fleet, omwe amagulitsidwa posinthanitsa ndi "siliva wosayenerera mwadala", amayenera kuchita, makamaka, ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana za anthu aku Spain ndi Creole, omwe adasungitsa izi, ngakhale anali otsika mtengo komanso okwera mtengo, kutsimikizira kusiyanasiyana kwawo komanso udindo wawo. Mwachitsanzo: opanga khofi, zoyikapo nyali, malezala, lumo, zisa, makadi osewerera, sopo, madzi achikuda, masokosi osokedwa ndi ma leggings; ma buckles, taffetans, nsalu, mantillas, mauna ndi nsalu zamaluwa, muslin, chambray; holán batista, madras ndi nsalu zopangira balasor, silika ndi riboni ya satin, ma marseille achikuda, ma carranclans ochokera ku India; Thonje waku Germany ndi zofunda ndi zingwe zochokera ku Flanders, zingwe zaku France, Emies ndi Mamodies, zinali zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazovala zomwe zimawonekera pagulu lawo, ngakhale nthawi zambiri zovala zobvala kuchokera ku trousseau zimapita kuchipinda cha mestizos ena.
Pazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pamigodi, ma pickax, wedges, zidendene zazitsulo ndi ma barrette adagulidwa. Zida izi zinali zofunika kwambiri pantchito zamigodi, kotero kuti mu "Malamulo aboma la migodi ya Pachuca ndi Real del Monte", yopangidwa ndi Don Francisco Javier Gamboa (1766), idakhazikitsidwa: "... Ndikunamizira kuti mwataya chimake kapena mphero yomwe inali malo anu, mtengo wanu weniweni udzachepetsedwa kuchokera kumalipiro anu ... "
Kwa magulu osiyanasiyana, monga akalipentala, adagula ma adzes, ma gouge, masamba amacheka; ya miyala: ma escodas, auger; kwa osula zitsulo: chitsulo chazitsulo, chosemedwa, chokhomedwa ndi chosalala, anvils, nyundo za zokumbira ndi miyala, ndi chisel.
Kulima mpesa ndikoletsedwa ku New Spain, kunali kofunikira kupeza mapaipi, mapaipi theka ndi ma cuarterolas a vinyo wofiira, chacalí, aloque, Jerezano ndi Malaga ochokera m'zombozi. Ndipo kutsimikiziranso kukoma kwa ku Spain pachakudya komwe kunafunikira ndi kukoma kwa mestizo, zosakaniza monga zoumba, ma capers, maolivi, ma almond, mtedza, tchizi cha Parmesan, hazina hams ndi soseji, mitsuko yamafuta ndi viniga zidagulidwa ndi migolo kapena ma cuñetes. Zonsezi, chifukwa ndizowonongeka, zimayenera kugulitsidwa ku Port yomweyo ya Veracruz, malinga ndi malamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa ku Xalapa Fair.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi abambo ndi amai kuchokera kutsidya lina la nyanja zomwe zombo zinabweretsa, sizinangokhala chuma chokha chifukwa chogula, komanso chizindikiro cha kutchuka kapena kutsimikizika kwa dzina lomwe likuwopsezedwa ndikuzulidwa. Koma, koposa zonse, zinali zinthu zomwe zimaphunzitsa njira zatsopano zofotokozera kapena kukonzanso zomwe zidalipo ku New Spain, monga mafumu ang'onoang'ono a Midas omwe, atanyamula kumbuyo kwa bulu, anali okonzeka kusintha ubale wa amuna ndi akazi awo.
Mosiyana ndi malonda omwe amachitika ndi zombo zomwe zidabwera mosadukiza (ngakhale m'zaka zapakatikati), panali zina zazing'ono, koma zowonjezereka, ndimadoko ena ku kontrakitala yaku America kuposa momwe amatumizira Brigantines, mivi, ma sloops, ma frig ndi ma urcas, ankakonda kukwaniritsa zofuna za msika wamkati, kukwaniritsa mosavomerezeka lamulo lazamalonda lopeza phindu lochulukirapo kapena kutayika kocheperako, makamaka pomwe panali anthu ambiri komanso osauka omwe atha kuchepa.
Mwanjira imeneyi, zaka zomwe zidalumikizana pakufika kwa zombo zilizonse zidadzazidwa ndi malonda omwe, kudzera mumgwirizano kapena mgwirizano wamba, kapena kungozembetsa, kochitidwa ndi maulamuliro apanthawiyo: England, Holland ndi France kapena nzika zawo. Anthu aku Spain omwe ali ndi mabwato achinsinsi komanso chiphaso choperekedwa ndi King of Spain Felipe V (1735) adapangidwa kudzera pa Port of Veracruz.
Umu ndi momwe cocoa idabweretsedwera ndi "Goleta de Maracaibo", yomwe idaswekera mbali yamphepo ya Port of Veracruz (1762); Katundu wambiri akangopulumutsidwa, amaikidwa m'nyumba ya wopanga winayo padoko lomwelo. Pambuyo posankha ngati "yawonongeka ndi madzi am'nyanja", zidatsimikiziridwa kuti "sizinali zabwino kwa thanzi la anthu" chifukwa munali "azitsamba wambiri, amchere, acidic komanso sultry". Kuphatikiza apo, "nyanja idadetsa kuposa momwe ziyenera kukhalira ndipo fungo lake linali loyipa."
Poyang'anizana ndi malingaliro okhumudwitsa komanso asayansi, wina wosasunthika adafunsidwa: ngakhale zinali zowona kuti kumwa koko sikunali "koyenera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino", zinali zowona kuti "kuzisakaniza mochuluka ndi zikopa zina zabwino makamaka ngati amapindula ndi chakumwa chomwe amachitcha champurrado, pinole ndi chilate chomwe anthu osauka mdziko muno amamwa mochuluka ", adaloledwa kugulitsa.
Pakati pa malonda akuluakulu a zombo zomwe zimakhala ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali komanso magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu osungulumwa, kuphatikizapo malonda omwe sanasiye kuchitika, adaganiziranso ku Spain Crown kufunika kololeza, choyamba, kusinthana kwalamulo ndi Zilumba za Caribbean (1765), ndiye, kuyimitsa kayendedwe ka zombo ndi chilungamo chake chomwe chimawerengedwa kuti ndi malonda ndipo, pomalizira pake, kutsegula zitseko kuulamuliro waulere (1778).
Xalapa idasandutsidwa tawuni yomwe idapeza mgwirizano ndi tanthauzo pachitetezo cha chilungamo, ngakhale idasintha nzika zake, "miyambo ndi malingaliro, chifukwa kupatula luso lawo lachilengedwe, adasiya machitidwe awo ndi mabungwe omwe adasunga kale, kutsatira zatsopano machitidwe ndi zovala, kalembedwe, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mlendo waku Europe ". Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale ziwonetserozi zimapereka "chidwi ku tawuni mopitilira muyeso komanso anthu", "oyandikana nawo komanso anthu omwe amawakonda […] adadziphatika okha pazitsulo zotsanzira, adasintha makina ndikuyamba ndikupitiliza kuwerengera ndalama zawo m'mafakitale a nyumba, omwe tsopano atsekedwa ndipo awonongedwa ndipo anthu akuofesi akusokoneza dziko lawo kuti akakhale ndi omwe amawapatsa chakudya ”.
Kumbali yake, "Maere omwe Amwenye ali nawo pano ndi achaka kwambiri osabereka" chifukwa chosowa kufesa ndipo ochepa omwe amafesa "nthawi yokolola idula khutu kuti agulitse chimanga cha mictura (sic) chomwe amachitcha el chilatole, kusiyidwa kuzowawa zakugula pambuyo pa chaka chonse chakudya chawo. Palibe Mmwenye mtawuniyi, ngakhale atakhala wolemera; onse samatuluka mchisoni chawo ... "
Ku Villa de Xalapa kunali njira yotsatsa yokhayokha yomwe idasiya ochepa ndikukhutira; Komabe, idakhalabe njira yokomera omenyera ufulu, "oyendetsa sitima zapamtunda" ofunikira kwambiri pamalonda amtsogolo omwe anali nkudza.
