Khalani ndi moyo wodziwira pamadzi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lapansi: white shark, yomwe imafika miyezi ingapo pachaka pachilumba cha Guadalupe, ku Mexico.
Tikukonzekera ulendo wopita ku Chilumba cha Guadalupe ndi cholinga choti tikumane ndi shark yochititsa chidwi imeneyi. Tili m'bwatomo adatilandira ndi ma margaritas ndikutiwonetsa nyumba yathu. Tsiku loyamba linali litayendetsedwa poyenda panyanja, pomwe ogwira ntchitoyo anafotokoza momwe kudumphira m'makola.
Titafika pachilumbachi, usiku tidayika ma khola asanu: anayi kuzama 2 mita ndipo wachisanu pa 15 mita. Amatha kukhala ndi anthu 14 nthawi imodzi.
Nthawi yabwino yafika!
Tsiku lotsatira, nthawi ya 6:30 m'mawa, zikhola zinatsegulidwa. Sitinathenso kupirira chikhumbo cholumikizana ndi nsombazi. Atadikirira pang'ono, pafupifupi mphindi 30, silhouette yoyamba idawoneka ikubisalira nyambo. Maganizo athu anali osaneneka. Mwadzidzidzi, panali kale nsombazi zitatu zikuzungulira, ndani angakhale woyamba kudya mchira wosangalatsa wa tuna womwe wapachikidwa pachingwe chaching'ono? Wamphamvu kwambiri adatuluka m'madzi atayang'anitsitsa nyamayo ndipo atafika, adatsegula nsagwada yake yayikulu ndipo pasanathe mphindi ziwiri adadya nyamboyo. Titawona izi tinadabwa, sitinakhulupirire kuti sanasonyeze chidwi chilichonse kwa ife.
Momwemonso masiku awiri otsatira omwe tidakhala ndi mwayi wowona zoposa Zitsanzo 15. Tinawonanso mazana a ma dolphin okhala ndi botolo omwe amasambira kutsogolo kwa bwato lothamanga, pomwe timapitanso kukawona zisindikizo za njovu Y zisindikizo zaubweya kuchokera ku Guadalupe
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Monga kuti sizinali zokwanira, kukhala kwathu m'sitimayo kunali kalasi yoyamba, tinali ndi Jacuzzi yotenthetsa m'madzi ozizira pakati pamadzi; Zakumwa, zokhwasula-khwasula ndi zakudya zabwino monga nkhanu ya ku Alaska, salimoni, pasitala, zipatso, maswiti ndi vinyo wabwino kwambiri mdera la Guadalupe Valley.
Pa ulendowu, tidayankhula ndi aphunzitsi a sayansi a Mauricio Hoyos, omwe adatiuza za kafukufuku wawo. Iye anatiuza ife kuti kukhalapo kwa lalikulu Shaki yoyera m'madzi aku Mexico zimawerengedwa kuti ndizosowa kapena zochepa mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo. Komabe, pali zolemba zina zowonera mu Gulf of California, komanso kuzilumba za Cedros, San Benito ndi Guadalupe palokha, omalizirawa adawona kuti ndi amodzi mwamipingo yofunika kwambiri ku Pacific komanso padziko lapansi
Kukhazikitsa kulikonse komwe mungaziwone
Pulogalamu ya Shaki yoyera (Carcharodon carcharias) amadziwika ndi kukula kwake kodabwitsa. Zimafika poyerekeza 4 mpaka 7 mita ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka Matani 2. Mphuno yake ndi yozungulira, yayifupi komanso yolimba, pomwe pali madontho akuda otchedwa "lorenzini matuza", omwe amatha kuzindikira gawo laling'ono kwambiri lamagetsi kuchokera mita zingapo kuchokera. Pakamwa pake ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndipo chikuwoneka ngati chikumwetulira kwamuyaya pomwe chikuwonetsa mano ake akulu, amakona atatu. Mphuno ndi yopapatiza, pomwe maso ndi ochepa, ozungulira, komanso akuda kwathunthu. Kumbali zonse, kuli ma gill asanu mbali iliyonse pamodzi ndi zipsepse ziwiri zazikulu za pectoral. Kumbuyo kwake kuli zipsepse ziwiri zazing'ono zam'chiuno ndi ziwalo zake zoberekera, zotsatiridwa ndi zipsepse ziwiri zazing'ono; kumchira, chikho champhamvu chomaliza ndipo, pamapeto pake, chimbudzi chomveka bwino chomwe tonsefe timachidziwa komanso chomwe chimadziwika
Ngakhale dzina lake, nsombazi ndizoyera pamimba kokha, pomwe thupi lake limakhala ndi buluu wotuwa kumbuyo. Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa (ngati mungayang'ane kuchokera pansi), kapena ndi madzi amdima am'nyanja (ngati mungachite kuchokera pamwambapa), ndikupanga chobisalira chosavuta momwe chingathere.
Zikuwoneka liti ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
Amayendera chilumbachi pakati pa miyezi ya july ndi january. Komabe, ena amabwerera chaka ndi chaka ndipo akasamuka amapita kudera lina pakati pa Pacific, ndikupita kumadera akutali monga zilumba za Hawaiian. Ngakhale zalembedwa bwino, kayendedwe kamene kali pafupi ndi chilumbachi sikudziwika.
Posachedwa, ma acoustic telemetry kafukufuku akhala chida chofunikira pofotokozera mayendedwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ashaka m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, ndichifukwa chake Interdisciplinary Center for Marine Science, ndi aphunzitsi a sayansi ku Mauritius Hoyos pamutu pake, wapanga projekiti yomwe ikuyang'ana kwambiri kuphunzira zamtunduwu mothandizidwa ndi chida ichi. Chifukwa chake, zakhala zotheka kudziwa malo ofunikira ofunikira m'malo ozungulira a Chilumba cha Guadalupe, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu kwapezeka panjira yakusintha ndi usiku, komanso pakati pa mayendedwe achichepere ndi achikulire.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, ma biopsies adatengedwa kuchokera nsombazi zoyera ya pachilumbachi kuti ichite kafukufuku wamtundu wa anthu, komanso zomwe zingathe kuwunikira, kudzera pakuwunika kokhazikika kwa isotope, ngati amakonda makamaka mtundu uliwonse wa mitunduyi.
Chilumbachi chimakhala kwawo Chisindikizo cha ubweya wa Guadalupe ndi njovu chisindikizo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zazikulu Shaki yoyera. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe ali nawo, akuti ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe nyama zolusa zimakonda kuyendera nyanja zathu.
Ngakhale anali amodzi mwamitundu inayi ya nsombazi kutetezedwa M'madzi aku Mexico, vuto lalikulu kwambiri pakupanga njira zotsimikizika za shark yoyera yayikulu ndikusowa kwazinthu zachilengedwe. Cholinga chachikulu cha ntchitoyi ndikupitiliza ndi kafukufukuyu kuti apereke chidziwitso chofunikira chomwe chingathandize, posachedwa, kukhazikitsa dongosolo loyang'anira ndi kusamalira zamoyozi Mexico.
Lumikizanani ndikudumphira ndi shark yoyera
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