Mseu, malingaliro ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa malo ena zidanditsogolera ku San Andrés Chalchicomula, lero ku Ciudad Serdán, tawuni yamatsenga monga yomwe yafotokozedwa ndi Juan Rulfo, chifukwa m'misewu yake yonse yopapatiza mlendo wokonda chidwi amatha kulowa mumithunzi yoyera , ndevu, hieratic, kuchokera ku Quetzalcóatl, kupita kwa bambo a Morelos okoma mtima, kapena abale olimba mtima achi Creole Sesma kapena anzeru komanso opusa a Jesús Arriaga, "Chucho el Roto", kapena a Manuel M. Flores ...
Chiyambi cha San Andrés Chalchicomula chimabisala kalekale. Zakale zakale za Mammoth zapezeka mdera lake, ndipo olemba mbiri ena amalo amatsimikizira kuti omwe amakhala koyamba kuti akanakhala Olmecs, Otomi kapena Xicalancas. Kusamuka kwamitundu yayikulu yaku Mesoamerican kudutsa chigwa chachikulu cha Chalchicomula chomwe chimafikira kutsetsereka kwa Citlaltépetl: Chichimecas, Toltecs, Mayans, Popolocas ndi Mexica.
M'misewu ina yopapatiza ya Ciudad Serdán ndinali ndi mwayi wokumana ndi munthu yemwe adakwaniritsa chidwi changa chofuna kuphunzira ndikumvetsetsa ziphunzitso za San Andrés Chalchicomula wakale: Emilio Pérez Arcos, mtolankhani komanso wolemba, munthu weniweni wa m'derali yemwe adakulitsa chidziwitso chake pa dziko lake lovomerezeka. Mokumana kokuganiza kumeneku, adandiuza ndi mawu osavuta komanso osavuta mbiriyakale ya dera lino. Anandiuza za anthu odziwika bwino, zakale, zomangamanga, zojambulajambula, ojambula ndi olemba akale komanso aposachedwa, ndi zina zambiri.
M'modzi mwazokambirana zathu, aphunzitsi a Pérez Arcos anandiuza kuti: "San Andrés Chalchicomula ali ndi mbali ziwiri, nyenyezi ziwiri zomwe zimaloza, kuwunikira ndikuwunikira njira yachitukuko ndi chitukuko: Citlaltépetl ndi Quetzalcóatl, omwe, ogwirizana pamwamba pa phirilo, amamuwonetsanso momwe angakwerere ku phiri lake lamkati ".
NKHANI YOSANGALATSA MU CITLALTÉPETL: QUETZALCÓATL
Pali zolembedwa m'mbiri ya anthu zomwe ngati sizinakhalepo zenizeni, zikakhala nthano zimawoneka kuti ndizowona kuposa zomwe zidachitika kale. Quetzalcóatl ndi m'modzi wa iwo. Nthano, nkhani ya munthu wodabwitsayu, yakhala ndi umunthu wokhala ndi uthenga wamuyaya. Nthano ndi moyo zikaphatikizana, chifanizo chabodza cha munthu wokutidwa ndi gawo lopanda muyeso waumunthu chimapangidwa.
Mbiri yomwe anapeza ndi kupezeka kwa Quetzalcóatl satha. Ankakhala m'malo ozungulira mzinda wina. Iye adayankhula, ndi chitsanzo chake, za chowonadi chobisika mu zinsinsi. Iye anali wansembe wa dera lopanda nsembe yaumunthu, ndi miyambo ndi malamulo, opanda zolakwa kapena zolakwa.
Nazi zomwe zidachitika ku Chalchicomula, dera lakummawa kwa boma la Puebla.
Zaka zambiri zapitazo kudabwera zigwa ndi mapiri a Chalchicomula (Pouyaltécatl ndi Tliltépetl) munthu wamtali, woyera, wandevu wokhala ndi nkhope yowopsya, wovala bwino, wozunzidwa, yemwe amaphunzitsa zodabwitsa zachilengedwe komanso kuthekera kwauzimu ndi kuthupi za munthu.
Quetzalcóatl (dzina la munthu wanzeru uyu, munthu wanzeru komanso wowongolera wosadziwika m'malo amenewo), adalankhula zazachilendo monga kumvetsetsa, kucheza, zabwino ndi zoyipa. Inalengezanso zomwe zidzachitike mmbuyomu. Linati: “Dzuwa, miyezi, kutuluka, masana ndi usiku zidzadutsa; anthu ena adzabwera ndipo kudzakhala zopweteka, zowawa, zisoni ndi zisangalalo; chifukwa uwu ndi moyo wamunthu padziko lapansi ”.
Poyamba anthu okhala pamalowo sanamumvetse, maso ndi makutu awo adatsegukira mawu ena; komabe, ndi nzeru zolandiridwa kuchokera kwa milungu. Quetzalcóatl ankadziwa momwe angafalitsire malingaliro ake kuti kupezeka kwa anthu mmaiko awa kuchuluke, kuyambira ndikufesa chimanga ndikukula kwamphamvu zake.
Kumapeto kwa moyo wake Quetzalcoatl adawotchedwa; Koma m'mbuyomu, adakonza zoti phulusa lake liyikidwe pa Pouyaltécatl, phiri lalitali kwambiri, pomwe zotsalira za abambo ake okondedwa zidapumulanso, kulosera za kubweranso kwake ngati nyenyezi (Venus). Anthu okhala pamalopo, pokumbukira munthu wosaiwalikayu, amatcha phirili ndi Citlaltépetl, phiri kapena phiri la nyenyezi.
Ku Chalchicomula, monga m'malo ena ambiri, adaphonya Quetzalcóatl, kuyenda kwake m'minda yambewu yolimidwa, ziphunzitso zake pantchito zaluso ndi boma labwino, kukwera kwake kumapiri kufunafuna chidziwitso cha konsekonse, kuyamikira kwake kayendedwe ka nyenyezi zimawonetsedwa pamasewera omwe amatchedwa mpira, chisangalalo chake poterera pamapiri ndi mchenga wochiritsa, wotchedwa marmajas, kulingalira kwake kwachilengedwe kuchokera ku Tliltépetl (Sierra Negra) ...
Nthawi yomweyo, pamwamba pa phiri lopatulika la Citlaltépetl, pakati pa chipale chofewa mpaka kalekale, chakumadzulo, kumadzulo, nkhope yosadziwika ya Quetzalcóatl yopeka idawonekera, yomwe kuchokera pamenepo, nthawi ndi nthawi, ikupitilizabe kunena kuti: "pita kumtunda pamwambapa, koposa apa, mu nyenyezi iyi mupeza chowonadi chanu chomwe, tsogolo lanu, chidziwitso chanu, mtendere ndi kupumula kwa thupi lanu ndi mzimu wanu, pano pali manda anga ”.
Pokumbukira za nthano yosawonongeka iyi, zotsalira za olamulira a mayiko a Mesoamerican zidatengedwa kupita ku Chalchicomula kuti zikaikidwe m'miyala (yotchedwa teteles), yomwazika kudera lonselo kuchokera pomwe phiri la Citlaltépetl limawoneka.
Iyi ndi nkhani, moyo ndi nthano ya munthu wofera mu Citlaltépetl de Chalchicomula, yemwe adalandira ntchito, ulemu, zabwino, kumvetsetsa komanso zabwino pakati pa amuna.
Zomangamanga NDI MALO OGWIRA NTCHITO
Chikhalidwe cha anthu chikuwonetsedwa mzipilala zake zakale komanso zomangamanga, ndiye cholowa cha makolo athu. Tisonkhanitsa ena mwa iwo paulendowu:
Malpais Pyramids, omwe amadziwika ndi tawuniyi kuti Tres Cerritos chifukwa amasiyana ndi malo omwe amapezeka.
Teteles ndi masewera a mpira. M'dera la San Francisco Cuauhtlalcingo pali malo ofukula zinthu zakale omwe amachitira umboni za Quetzalcóatl: nyumba, bwalo lamiyendo ndi ma tetelles; M'mbuyomu, monga tanenera kale, zotsalira za olamulira akulu mdziko la Mesoamerica zidasungidwa ngati chopereka ndi ulemu kwa munthu wongopeka.
Cerro del Resbaladero Zimanenedwa kuti Quetzalcóatl adatsika pamsonkhano wake, posangalatsa ana. Ana ndi akulu aku San Andrés amakumbukira mosangalala.
Mpingo wa San Juan Nepomuceno: Iyi ndi kachisi wokhazikika pachikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale. Ena mwa ma regiment omwe adafika mtawuniyi pa Marichi 6, 1862 adapumulamo, ndipo chifukwa cha kuti adapulumutsidwa kuimfa yomvetsa chisoni yomwe anzawo ambiri adakumana nayo pomwe adazunza gulu la Zachikhumi, komwe adathawira.
Iglesia de Jesús: Kumeneko mutha kuwona zojambula zokongola pamakoma ake ndi masiling'i okhala ndi zolemba za m'Baibulo, komanso ntchito zamafuta ndi mbuye Isauro González Cervantes.
Parishi ya San Andrés Ndi amodzi mwamakachisi okongola kwambiri m'chigawo choperekedwa kwa woyera mtima.
Ngalande yotchedwa Maestro Pérez Arcos imati: “M'mapiri a Citlaltépetl kapena Pico de Orizaba, akasupe amene amapereka madzi amtengo wapataliwo ku San Andrés Chalchicomula anachokera, koma kuti aphimbe mtunda umene umawasiyanitsa ndi mzindawu, kunali kofunika kumanga ngalande yayikulu, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita asanu ndi atatu kuchokera mtawuniyi idadutsa chigwa chachikulu kudzera pakuponya mivi. Ntchitoyi yochitidwa ndi anthu oyenerera achifrancisco ili ndi maulamuliro awiri amiyala yolimba kwambiri (yochokera ku Los Aqueductos de México en la historia y en el arte, wolemba Manuel Romero de Terreros) ”.
CHIKWANGWANI CHABWINO CHAKUKULU
Ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zonse zanenedwa, dera la Chalchicomula limadzuka ndi nkhani yabwino: kukhazikitsidwa kwa chaka cha 2000 cha Large Millimeter Telescope (GTM), chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, champhamvu kwambiri komanso chokhudzidwa ndi mtundu wake, pamwamba kuchokera ku Sierra Negra (Tliltépetl), ndi maloto a malo opita ku zachilengedwe ku Alpine, mzinda wazasayansi, ndalama zopangira bizinesi ndikupanga kampani yopanga ukadaulo wapamwamba.
Mgwirizanowu pakati pa Mexico ndi United States ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wopititsa patsogolo sayansi ndi chitukuko ku Mexico. Antenna ya GTM idzakhala ya 50 mita m'mimba mwake, yokhala ndi ma cell amtundu wa 126, ndipo ikwera mita 70 pamwamba pa Sierra Negra, yowonekera kuchokera mumsewu waukulu wa Puebla-Orizaba.
Gwero: Mexico Unknown No. 269 / Julayi 1999
