Chimodzi mwa zipilala zosatsutsika za zomwe zimadziwika kuti zaka zagolide ku Mexico ndi Dr. Alfonso Caso y Andrade, wofukula m'mabwinja wodziwika bwino yemwe nzeru zake, kudzipereka ndi machitidwe ake pakufufuza kwake, kumunda ndi labotale, adasiya chuma cha dongosolo loyamba.
Mwa zina zomwe zatulukira, mzinda wakale wa Monte Albán usanachitike ku Puerto Rico, ndi Tomb 7 yokongola, komanso malo angapo ku Mixteca, monga Yucuita, Yucuñidahui ndi Monte Negro, ku Tilantongo. Zopangidwa mwazipezazi zinali mabuku ambiri, zolemba, malipoti, misonkhano ndi mabuku odziwika, omwe amafunikirabe pophunzira zikhalidwe zaku America, makamaka Zapotec, Mixtec ndi Mexica.
Don Alfonso Caso anali wofunikira makamaka pakufufuza kwa chikhalidwe cha Oaxaca; Kuyambira mu 1931, ndipo kwa zaka zopitilira makumi awiri, adadzipereka kuti akaphunzire za Monte Albán, malo omwe adawapeza asandulika malo olimapo, okhala ndi ziphuphu zodzaza ndi masamba akale. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yolemetsa, momwe adathandizidwira osati akatswiri ena ofukula za m'mabwinja komanso akatswiri ambiri komanso makamaka ogwira ntchito masana omwe amakhala ndikukhalabe m'malo okongolawa, adatha kupeza zoposa nyumba makumi awiri mwa mazana ambiri malo akuluakulu omwe amapanga zotsalira za mzinda waukuluwu usanachitike ku Spain. Manda 176 omwe adasanthula amafunikanso, chifukwa kudzera mu kafukufuku wake adatha kuzindikira njira ya moyo wa anthu aku Zapotec ndi a Mixtec, izi osawerengera nyumba zosawerengeka kuchokera kumalo ena komwe adakulitsa ntchito yake yayikulu, mdera la Mixtec ndi Malo ofukula mabwinja a Mitla, m'chigwa cha Oaxaca.
Dr. Caso amadziwika kuti ndi woimira malingaliro amakono otchedwa sukulu yaku Mexico yofukula zamabwinja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kudziwa zikhalidwe zapamwamba zaku Mesoamerican kudzera pakupenda mwadongosolo zikhalidwe zawo zosiyanasiyana, monga zofukula zamabwinja, linguistics, ethnography, mbiri komanso kuphunzira za anthu, onse ophatikizidwa kuti amvetsetse kuzama kwazikhalidwe. Sukuluyi imakhulupirira kufunika kokonzanso zomangamanga zazikhalidwezi, ndi cholinga chodziwa mozama ndikuwonetsa mbiri ya makolo athu, makamaka kwa achinyamata amakono. Pachifukwa ichi, adatengera maphunziro owzama amitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga kapangidwe ka akachisi, nyumba zachifumu ndi manda, zoumbaumba, zotsalira za anthu, mabuku opatulika, mamapu, zinthu zamiyala ndi zinthu zina, zomwe Caso adadza kutanthauzira patatha zaka zambiri akuphunzira.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri chinali kufotokozera njira zolembera za miyambo isanachitike ku Oaxaca, kumvetsetsa zilembo zomwe a Zapotec amagwiritsa ntchito kuyambira 500 BC, kutchula anthu, kuwerengera nthawi ndi fotokozerani zakugonjetsa kwawo, m'malemba ovuta kujambulidwa m'miyala ikuluikulu. Patapita nthawi, chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 600 cha nthawi yathu ino, ndi zolembedwazo, adawerengera zopitilira mzindawu m'mizinda, kupereka ena ndikuwatenga atsogoleri awo, zonsezi kuti zitsimikizire kuti anthu aku Zapotec, omwe likulu lawo linali Monte Alban.
Momwemonso, adamasulira njira yolembera ya Mixtec, yomwe anthu ake adalemba m'mabuku opangidwa ndi khungu la nswala ndikujambulidwa ndi mitundu yowala, kuti afotokozere zabodza zakomwe idachokera, komwe idachokera padziko lapansi ndi mitambo, mitengo ndi miyala , ndiponso zolembedwa zovuta kumvetsetsa —pakati pa zenizeni ndi zopeka– za anthu ofunikira, monga ansembe, olamulira ndi ankhondo a anthu amenewo. Chimodzi mwamalemba oyambilira kutanthauziridwa chinali Mapu a Teozacoalco, pomwe Dr. Caso adakwanitsa kukhazikitsa kulumikizana pakati pa kalendala yakale ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chikhalidwe chathu tsiku ndi tsiku, kumulola kuti apeze madera omwe amakhala ndi a Mixtecos kapena ñuusavi, amuna amtambo.
Sikuti Oaxaca adangophunzira za Caso, adaphunziranso chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo cha Aaziteki ndipo adakhala m'modzi mwa akatswiri ake. Anasanthula miyala yambiri yodziwika bwino yojambulidwa yomwe imayimira milungu yapakatikati pa Mexico, monga Piedra del Sol, yomwe akatswiri ena ambiri amakhudzidwa nayo kale. Caso adapeza kuti inalinso kachitidwe kakale, komwe ndi kikhalidwe ka ku Mexica komwe mizu yake ndi nthano zake zoyambira. Anafotokozanso za malire a madera komanso zochitika zambiri zomwe zimakhudza milungu yaomwe amatcha a Pueblo del Sol, anthu aku Mexico, omwe amayang'anira kwambiri tsogolo la anthu ena aku Mesoamerica munthawi yoyandikira kugonjetsedwa kwa Spain. .
Zofukulidwa zakale ku Mexico zili ndi zambiri kwa Don Alfonso Caso, popeza, monga wamasomphenya wamkulu, adakhazikitsa mabungwe omwe adatsimikizira kupitiliza kwamaphunziro ofukula zamabwinja, monga National School of Anthropology, momwe adaphunzitsira anthu ambiri ophunzira, kuphatikizapo mayina a akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale komanso akatswiri ofufuza za chikhalidwe cha Ignacio Bernal, Jorge R. Acosta, Wigberto Jiménez Moreno, Arturo Romano, Román Piña Chan ndi Barbro Dahlgren, kungotchulapo ochepa; ndi Mexico Society of Anthropology, cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa kusinthana kwa malingaliro pakati pa asayansi omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuphunzira za munthu.
Caso idakhazikitsanso mabungwe omwe adateteza chitetezo cha cholowa m'mabwinja cha anthu aku Mexico, monga National Institute of Anthropology and History komanso National Museum of Anthropology. Kuphunzira kwake zikhalidwe zakale kudamupangitsa kuti aziyamikira nzika zam'masiku ano zomwe zikuvutika kuti zidziwike ku Mexico lero. Pofuna kumuthandiza, adakhazikitsa National Indigenous Institute, bungwe lomwe adathamangirabe atatsala pang'ono kumwalira ku 1970, pofuna kukonzanso, monga adanenera, "Mmwenye wamoyo, kudzera pakumudziwa Mmwenye wakufa."
M'masiku athu ano, mabungwe omwe Caso adakhazikitsa akupitilizabe pakatikati pa mfundo zachikhalidwe zadziko, monga chizindikiro cha masomphenya odabwitsa a wasayansiyu, yemwe ntchito yake yokhayo, monga iyemwini adazindikira, inali kufunafuna chowonadi.
