Mzinda Wamatsenga wa Xilitla umadziwika kwambiri ndi Edward James Las Pozas Surrealist Garden, yomwe ndi yokopa nambala 1. Koma kupatula mundawo, ku Xilitla komanso m'matauni oyandikira kwambiri komanso malo ena kuli malo ena ambiri achidwi. , zomangamanga ndi zophikira, zomwe zipangitsa kuti ulendo wanu wopita kudera lino usaiwalike.
1. Xilitla ndi chiyani ndipo ili kuti?
Xilitla m'matauni ndi Magical Town m'chigawo cha San Luis Potosí yomwe ili kumwera chakumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Mexico, mdera lotchedwa Huasteca Potosina. Ili pamtunda wapakatikati mamita 600 pamwamba pa nyanja ndipo ndi boma lamvula kwambiri ku San Luis Potosí. Mpando wamatauni a Xilitla ndi 470 ochokera likulu la Mexico, Mexico City. Mtunda pakati pa mzinda wa San Luis Potosí, likulu la boma, ndi Xilitla ndi makilomita 350.
2. Xilitla ndi wotani?
Xilitla ndi tawuni yamtundu wa Huasteca Potosina, ndi nyengo yake yamvula, masamba ake osangalatsa, nthaka zake zachonde ndi madzi, madzi ambiri, omwe amagwa kuchokera kumwamba ndikukhamukira m'mitsinje zikwizikwi, mitsinje ndi mathithi, akudziunjikira m'madziwe okoma. Ndi gawo lomwe lasintha pang'ono kuyambira kale, popeza kulowa m'mafakitale kunali kotsika kwambiri. Pali zigwa zochepa ndipo ilinso ndi madera okwera mapiri, pamwamba pa 2,500 mita kupitirira nyanja.
3. Kodi dzina loti Xilitla limachokera kuti?
"Xilitla" ndi liwu lakale ku Colombiya lomwe, malinga ndi mtundu wovomerezeka kwambiri, limachokera ku liwu lachi Nahuatl "zilliy", lotanthauza china chake ngati "malo a nkhono zazing'ono" kapena "malo ang'onoang'ono a nkhono." Mwinanso, munthawi zisanachitike ku Spain, ku Mapiri a Xilitla anali ochuluka kwambiri ndi nkhono zapansi kuposa pano. Mtundu wachiwiri ukuwonetsa kuti mawu oti "Xilitla" amatanthauza "malo a prawns"
4. Xilitla adakhazikitsidwa liti?
Mbiri ya atsamunda ya Xilitla idayamba cha m'ma 1537, pomwe gulu la alaliki ochokera ku Order of San Agustín adayamba maulendo awo m'munsi mwa mapiri a Sierra Madre Oriental kuyesa kutembenuza anthu amtundu wachikhristu. Fray Antonio de la Roa anali Msipanishi woyamba kufalitsa Uthenga Wabwino mdera la Xilitla wamasiku ano ndipo zozizwitsa zimadziwika kuti zidachitika. Msonkhano wa San Agustín de Xilitla unamalizidwa mu 1557, ndikugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo ngati kachisi, malo obisalako komanso linga lodzitchinjiriza ku ma chichimecas.
5. Kodi Xilitla ali ndi zokopa ziti?
Chokopa chachikulu cha Xilitla ndi Wofufuzira munda Edward James Las Pozas, malo okongola pafupifupi 400 mita sikweya mita yomwe ili munda wamaluwa komanso malo owonekera, omwe ntchito zawo ndi nyumba zawo zidamangidwa ndi wojambula waku Britain komanso mamilionea Edward James. Kuphatikiza pa dimba, Xilitla ali ndi zokopa zina zomanga komanso zachilengedwe zoyenera kuyenda ndikuyang'ana chilengedwe.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za Edward James's Surrealist Garden Dinani apa.
6. Edward James anali ndani?
Anali waluso lojambula pobadwa, atalandira chuma chambiri chobalidwa ndi abambo ake, a William Dodge James, yemwe anali wamkulu wa njanji, wodziwika bwino m'mabwalo aku Britain komanso mnzake wa King Edward VII, yemwe adamulemekeza pomutcha Edward mwana wake wamwamuna yekhayo. Edward James anali woyang'anira komanso bwenzi la akatswiri ojambula ali mwana, monga Salvador Dalí, René Magritte ndi Pablo Picasso.
7. Kodi James anali surreal?
Chomwechonso. James adavomereza zodzikongoletsa, zaluso zapamwamba muunyamata wake, woyamba ngati wolemba ndakatulo, kulemba mavesi omwe adasindikiza m'magazini yomwe adalipira yekha, ndipo pambuyo pake ngati wojambula, atakumana ndikulimbitsa ubale ndi akatswiri ojambula omwe adalimbikitsa sukuluyi. zaluso. Edward James akuwonekera pazithunzi zina zojambula ndi zojambula za Salvador Dalí ndi René Magritte.
8. Ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani mudapanga Garden Surrealist ku Mexico?
Atadzipeza yekha ku Ulaya wowonongedwa ndi nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, ali ndi ndalama zambiri zoti awononge ndipo sanachite zambiri, Edward James adabwera ku America, woyamba kukhala kwakanthawi ku American California. Adabwera kuchokera ku Europe ndi lingaliro lakumanga paradiso wapadziko lapansi woti akhalemo ndipo adayamba kufunafuna gawo lamaloto. Mnzake, Bridget Bate Tichenor, yemwe adakumana naye ku Hollywood, adamulimbikitsa kuti akafufuze ngodya ya Edeni ku Mexico.
9. Kodi Edward James adayamba bwanji kukonda Xilitla?
Atafika ku Mexico, James adakumana ku Cuernavaca wolemba telefoni wolemba ku Yaqui wotchedwa Plutarco Gastélum. Winawake anali atauza James kuti kumalo otchedwa Xilitla, ku Huasteca Potosina, ma orchid ndi maluwa ena amakula mosavuta. Edward James adayendera Huasteca ndi Plutarco Gastélum ngati wowongolera ndipo adakondwera ndi Xilitla, akugula malo a mahekitala 40 m'ma 1940, pomwe adayamba kumanga munda wake mzaka za 1960.
10. Kodi zokopa zakumunda ndizotani?
Mundawo ndi danga lalikulu la zomera, maluwa, nkhalango, mitsinje, njira ndi maiwe. M'malo mwake, ili ndi dzina la Las Pozas chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi ang'onoang'ono omwe ali pamalopo. Zomangamanga zazikulu za 36 zopanga zojambula ndi ziboliboli zabalalika mozungulira malowo. Zina mwa izi ndi izi Kapangidwe ka zipinda zitatu zomwe zitha kukhala zisanu, Chipinda chogona chokhala ndi denga lofanana ndi nangumi, Masitepe akumwamba, Nyumba ya Don Eduardo, Sinema, Nyumba ya peristyle, The aviary, Nyumba yachifumu yachilimwe ndi bwalo la akambuku.
11. Ndi ziti zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pazithunzi zaluso?
Zojambulazo ndizosakanikirana ndi zaluso zaluso ndi zojambulajambula. Ali ndi mipata yambiri yopanda kanthu ndipo adasokonezedwa, ndikuwonetsa kuti anali ntchito zosamalizidwa. Edward James adakhulupirira kuti njira yokhayo yosungira kapena kupititsa patsogolo luso lake ndikusiya izi osazimaliza, kuti zipitilize kukula mumlengalenga komanso munthawi yake. Ambiri adakhuthulidwa mu konkriti mothandizidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ku Xilitla. Amisiri adapangidwa ndi luso la Mesopotamiya, Aiguputo ndi Gothic.
12. Pokhala danga lalikulu chotani, mumasunga bwanji munda kukhala wabwino?
Zomera ku Xilitla zimakula mwachangu ndipo namsongole amalowa m'malo okongoletsedwa ndi zojambula zawo. Edward James atamwalira ku 1984, the Surrealist Garden idadutsa gawo losiya komwe kudapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa malo achilengedwe komanso nyumba. Mwamwayi, mu 2007 malowa adagulidwa kuchokera kubanja la Plutarco Gastélum, yemwe adalandira cholowa, mogwirizana ndi boma la San Luis Potosí, kampani ya Cemex ndi ena onse omwe adatenga nawo mbali. Kuwongolera kwa Surrealist Garden kudakhala udindo wa maziko omwe amaonetsetsa kuti amasungidwa.
13. Kodi ndimakhala kuti ku Xilitla?
Mwa malo omwe alendo amapita ku Xilitla amalangiza kwambiri ndi El Hostal del Café (Niños Héroes, 116). Kuti muthane ndi zokopa zazikulu mtawuniyi, Surrealist Garden, Hostal del Café ili ndi munda wabwino ndipo imapereka chisamaliro chachisamaliro choperekedwa ndi eni ake. Zosankha zina ndi Hotel Guzmán (Calle Corregidora, 208), Hotel Aurora (Niños Héroes, 114) ndi Hotel Dolores (Matamoros, 211).
14. Kodi kuli malo owonetsera zakale ku Xilitla?
Nyumba ya El Castillo ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Edward James ndikukhala kwawo mtawuni ya Potosí, ndikuwonetsa zithunzi ndi zikalata za wojambula surrealist. Chitsanzocho chimaphatikizaponso zida zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga dimba. Nyumba yosungiramo alendo ili pafupi ndi nyumba yomwe kale inali Plutarco Gastélum ku Xilitla.
15. Kodi pali zokopa zina mtawuniyi?
Xilitla ndi tawuni yamtendere ya Huasteco yomwe imapuma mpweya wabwino womwe umatsika kuchokera m'nkhalango ndi m'minda ya khofi m'mapiri, ndipo zokopa zake zazikulu ndizophatikizika. Mwala wamtengo wapatali wa Xilitla ndi kachisi komanso nyumba yakale yachitetezo yomangidwa ndi a Augustine mkati mwa 16th century, yomwe inali nyumba yoyamba yachipembedzo kumangidwa mchigawo cha San Luis Potosí. Nyumba yovutikirayi idakwanitsa kupirira nkhondo zaka mazana asanu, pomwe idawonongeka, idadulidwa ndikusiyidwa, koma nthawi zonse imapeza njira yopulumukira ndikukhala mboni yayikulu ya Xilitlan.
16. Mwa zokopa zachilengedwe za Xilitla, ndi ziti zomwe zili zochititsa chidwi kwambiri?
Kuyambira 2011, Xilitla wakhala Mexico Magic Town, makamaka chifukwa cha Surrealist Garden, yomwe ndiyofunika kuwona mumzinda. Komabe, pali zokopa zina zachilengedwe zomwe zimalola kuti mlendoyo azikhala nthawi yosaiwalika. Sótano de Huahuas ndi phompho lozama pafupifupi mamita 500 lomwe ndi paradaiso wa owonera mbalame omwe amalowa ndikutuluka kuphanga lakuya. Anthu okonda kukwera mapiri amadalira mapiri a La Silleta ndipo pofuna kupulumutsa anthu okonda mapiri pali phanga la El Salitre.
17. Kodi pali matauni ndi malo ena pafupi ndi Xilitla omwe akuyenera kupitako?
Chomwechonso. Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi Xilitla, kukwera phirili, ndi tawuni ya Ahuacatlán de Jesús, tawuni yamtendere yomwe ili pamtunda wa pafupifupi 1,200 mita kumtunda kwa nyanja, ndi phiri lokoma labwino. Malo ena oyandikira ndi ma municipalities, omwe ali ndi zokopa zokopa alendo, ndi Aquismón, Ciudad Valles, Tamtoc, Tamasopo, Matlapa ndi Tancanhuitz.
18. Ndikuwona chiyani mu Aquismon?
Xilitla imadutsa Aquismon kumpoto. M'chigawochi muli malo odziwika bwino a Sótano de las Golondrinas, phanga la karst lomwe latulutsidwa posachedwapa mu 1966, ndipo akatswiri amawawona ngati phanga lokongola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi yakuya kupitirira mita 500 ndipo ndi malo opatulika a mbalame, makamaka osinthana osati akumeza. Chokopa china ku Aquismón ndi Tamul Waterfall, yomwe ili pamtunda wa mamita 105, ndiye yayikulu kwambiri m'chigawo cha San Luis Potosí.
19. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Ciudad Valles ndi ziti?
Mzindawu uli ndi dzina lomweli lomwe lili pamtunda wa makilomita 90 kuchokera ku Xilitla. Ciudad Valles ndi tawuni yomwe ili ndi zomangamanga zabwino zothandiza alendo, ambiri okonda kudziwa Huasteca Potosina amakhala pamenepo, akuyenda tsiku lililonse ndikubwerera kumtunda. Mwa zokopa zake zachilengedwe, Cascadas de Micos imaonekera, ina idadutsa mathithi omwe amakonda kupitako okonda masewera owopsa. Komanso pafupi ndi akasupe otentha a sulphurous a Taninul.
20. Ndi zinthu zosangalatsa ziti zomwe zili mu Tamtoc?
Malo enanso pafupi ndi Xilitla ndi Tamtoc, malo ofukula mabwinja omwe amakhala mumzinda wa Tamuín. Tamtoc anali amodzi mwamizinda yayikulu yachitukuko cha Huasteca ku San Luis Potosí. Zina mwazinthu zazikulu zatsambali ndi El Tizate, Paso Bayo, yomwe amakhulupirira kuti inali nyumba yachipembedzo; Corcovado, nyumba yozungulira yomwe mwina idaperekedwa kwa malonda ndi misonkhano yambiri; ndi Venus wa Tamtoc, chosema chachikazi chotchedwanso Mkazi Wowopsa.
21. Kodi ndikuwona chiyani ku Tamasopo?
Tamasopo ili pamtunda wa makilomita 140 kuchokera ku Xilitla mumsewu womwewo monga Ciudad Valles. Ndikofunika kupita kudera lino la Potosí kuti mukasangalale ndi mathithi ake, mathithi omwe amapangidwa mumtsinje wa Tamasopo. Bridge la Mulungu ndi mathithi okhala ndi phanga momwe kuwala kwa dzuwa, polumikizana ndi madzi apano, kumapangitsa chidwi cha stalactites, stalagmites ndi mawonekedwe ena am'mbali. Malo ena ochititsa chidwi ndi Ciénaga de las Cabezas, komwe kumakhala zamoyo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
22. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Matlapa ndi ziti?
Boma la Matlapa lili pafupi ndi Xilitla kum'mawa. Matlapla ndi dera lamapiri ambiri, okhala ndi mapiri obiriwira othiriridwa ndi Mtsinje wa Tancuilín ndi mitsinje yake. Monga Xilitla, ili ndi mitsinje, akasupe ndi maiwe ambiri, abwino kwa alendo omwe akufuna kulumikizana ndi chilengedwe chosawonongedwa, mosasamala kanthu za zabwino zomwe zimapezeka m'malo otukuka kwambiri.
23. Mukulimbikitsa kuwona chiyani ku Tancanhuitz?
Komanso pafupi ndi Xilitla ndi boma la Potosí la Tancanhuitz. Mwa malo omwe ali ndi chidwi ku Tancanhuitz pali Tchalitchi cha masitepe 149, La Herradura Dam ndi Cueva de Los Brujos. Chokopa china ndi minda yapafupi, yomwe ina yake ndi Don Chinto.
24. Kodi zikondwerero zazikulu ku Xilitla ndi ziti?
Woyang'anira tawuniyi ndi San Agustín de Hipona, wopembedzedwa mu kachisi wazaka za 16th yemwe ndiye mwala wamtengo wapatali wa Xilitla. Tsiku la Augustine Woyera limakondwerera pa Ogasiti 28, tsiku la imfa ya woyera mtima mumzinda wakale wa Numidic wa Hippo Regius mu 430 AD. Chiwonetsero cha San Agustín de Xilitla chikuchitika pakati pa kutha kwa Ogasiti mpaka koyambirira kwa Seputembara. Nthawi zina, Xilitla ndi malo ochitira misonkhano ndi zikondwerero za Huastecan, zoperekedwa kuwonetsera zikhalidwe zamatauni osiyanasiyana ndi zigawo za Chigawo cha Huasteca.
25. Kodi chakudya cholimbikitsidwa kwambiri ku Xilitla ndi chiani?
Chakudya chofunikira kwambiri ku Xilitla ndi zacahuil, chakudya chokoma chomwe ndi nyenyezi ya zakudya za Huasteca. Amakonzedwa ndikudzaza nyama yayikulu ndi chisakanizo cha nyama, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukhala nkhumba ndi nkhuku. Nyamayo imathiramo tsabola, tsabola wonunkhira komanso zinthu zina zochokera kumadera achonde a Xilitla. Kenako tamale wokutidwa ndi masamba a chomera ngati nthochi ndikuphika. Zosankha zina zam'mimba ndi xochitl, msuzi wa nkhuku wokhala ndi avocado, bocoles ndi enchiladas ochokera ku Potosí.
26. Kodi ndimadya kuti ku Xilitla?
Ku Xilitla muli ndi njira zosiyanasiyana kulawa Potosi ndi chakudya chamayiko. La Huastequita ndi malo osavuta omwe amapatsa Huasteca chakudya, zomwe enchiladas zachigawozi zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Querreque ili pakatikati pa Xilitla ndipo pali malingaliro abwino pazakudya zake, monga nkhuku yotsukidwa ndi msuzi wa chiponde. Malo odyera a Los Cayos amadziwika ndi enchiladas yake yokhala ndi jerky. Zina zomwe mungadye ku Xilitla ndi Ambar, Las Pozas ndi La Condesa.
27. Kodi ndizowona kuti ku Xilitla nditha kumwa khofi wabwino kwambiri?
Mapiri a Huasteca Potosina amakhala okwera, chinyezi komanso malo okhala popangira khofi. Xilitla yazunguliridwa ndi minda ya khofi ndipo gawo lina la nyemba zomwe zimakololedwa m'munsi mwa mapiri zimapindula m'matawuni omwewo kuti azisangalala ndi alendo odyera ndi malo omwera. Nyumba zonse za ku Xilitlan zimakhala ndi fungo labwino la khofi ndipo anthu am'deralo amayang'ana zifukwa zilizonse zokambirana chifukwa cholowetsedwa. Ngati mukufuna kugula china chake Xilitlense, tengani paketi ya khofi waluso.
28. Kodi ndimasewera otani ku Xilitla?
Zojambula ndi zojambula za Xilitla ndi matauni oyandikana nawo amapereka malo ndi malo oyambira madzi oyenera kuchita zosangalatsa zosiyanasiyana komanso masewera, abwinobwino komanso owopsa. Kubwezeretsanso mphamvu kumatha kuchitika m'malo othamanga kwambiri komanso amphamvu kwambiri pamawayilesi komanso m'malo osungira ndi mapanga omwe amakumbukira okonda kukwera ndi zovuta zina. Zachidziwikire, pali njira zingapo zapamwamba komanso zotetezeka, osati zolemera kwambiri mu adrenaline, zapaulendo wokwera mapiri ndi njinga zamapiri.
Tikukhulupirira kuti chitsogozo cha Xilitla chili ndi zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti musangalale mu Huasteco Magical Town. Tikuwonani posachedwa paulendo wina wabwino.
