Chojambulacho ndi njira yowonetsera yomwe yasintha ndi chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pazolumikizana kwakanthawi ndi kapangidwe kake kokongoletsa, zitha kuwonedwa ngati chikalata pomwe mbiri ndi chitukuko cha anthu omwe adazipanga zimajambulidwa.
Chojambulacho ndi njira yowonetsera yomwe yasintha ndi chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pazolumikizana kwakanthawi ndi kapangidwe kake kokongoletsa, zitha kuwerengedwa ngati chikalata pomwe mbiri ndi chitukuko cha anthu omwe adazipanga zimajambulidwa.
M'zaka khumi zapitazi, dziko lasinthidwa ndikudziphimba ndi netiweki yolumikizirana. Ndikukula kwa makanema ena - kanema, kanema wawayilesi, kanema, kanema, wayilesi, intaneti - udindo wa positayo wasintha ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zikuyenera kutha. Komabe, zojambulazo zikupitilizabe kusintha, kulowa m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi nyumba zodyeramo, zapita padenga, malo obisika - Metro - ndi malo oyimilira mabasi, kuphatikiza kukhazikika kwake munjira zosiyanasiyana ndikukhala ndi gawo lotchuka Kuyankhulana kwazithunzi zamakono. Ndikokwanira kuwona kufunikira komwe ma biennials a Warsaw, Bern, Colorado ndi Mexico apeza, pomwe sing'angayu amaperekedwa ngati chinthu chaluso.
Malinga ndi kusintha kwapadziko lonse lapansi, ku Mexico zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi zapitazo zochitika zachuma, zandale ndi zachikhalidwe zalembetsedwa zomwe zakhudza zojambulajambula makamaka mapangidwe azithunzi, kupanga makompyuta ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko misika yomwe imalimbikitsa kutsatsa kwa zinthu zawo, zochitika zambiri zikhalidwe, makamaka zaluso ndi kapangidwe; kuchuluka kwa zofalitsa, kusiyanasiyana kwa opanga achinyamata omwe amaliza maphunziro awo pasukulu zamaluso zomwe zikulowa pantchito, komanso chitukuko cha magulu ojambula ojambula omwe amakumana kuti apange ziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana.
Ndi zaka khumi izi pomwe International Poster Biennial ikuchitika ku Mexico, komwe kwachitika kale kasanu; Izi zalimbikitsa chionetsero cha zikwangwani padziko lonse lapansi, zalimbikitsa kutenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano, maphunziro ndi zokambirana, komanso kusindikiza mabuku ndi mindandanda yazithunzi zaku Mexico ndi mayiko ena.
Mu Meyi 1997, yomwe idakwezedwa ndi International Poster Biennial ku Mexico, chionetsero cha ojambula zithunzi zakale azaka zosakwana 35 chidawonetsedwa ku Casa del Poeta ku Mexico City. Pa nthawi yoitanira anthu ija, zidafunsidwa pakati pa 1993 ndi 1997. Chifukwa chakusiyanasiyana kwa mitu komanso mayankho osiyanasiyana, chitsanzochi ndichizindikiro cha posachedwa ku Mexico ndipo chimalola kuyang'anira ntchito ya akatswiri achinyamata omwe amapanga zikwangwani.
A Alejandro Magallanes, m'modzi mwa omwe adakonzekera komanso kutenga nawo mbali, adanenapo izi: "Cholinga chachikulu cha chiwonetserochi ndikuwona zikwangwani za opanga aku Mexico osakwana zaka 35, komanso kufunafuna wolemba aliyense . Zitsanzozo zimayambira pachikhalidwe chodziletsa kwambiri mpaka pakuyesa kwambiri komanso kuyambira pachikhalidwe mpaka pamalonda kwambiri. Nthawi zonse, opanga ndi omwe amapanga zikhalidwe ”.
Pamwambowu, zidapitilira 150 zikwangwani zojambulidwa ndi opanga 54. Kusankhidwa kwa zofunikirako kunali kofunikira kuti cholembera chimodzi cha aliyense atenge nawo gawo, chomwe sichinawonetsedwe ku Poster Biennial ku Mexico ndipo chidagwiritsidwa ntchito poyera ngati chikwangwani.
Adanenedwa kuti ngakhale si zikwangwani zonse zomwe "ndizokongola" ndikofunikira kunena kuti kapangidwe kake sikopanda kuwunika kokometsera; Chifukwa chake, zili kwa wopanga kuti azilingalira za kukongoletsa kwa sing'angayo, ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse sikungapatsidwe chithunzi chokhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe tingatchule, m'magulu azokongoletsa, ngati okongola. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha sewero lake kapena mawonekedwe ake, sizimapangitsa chisangalalo mu lingaliro lokongola. Kuphatikiza apo, malowa anali oimira mzimu wam'badwo uno komanso olankhula bwino pokhudzana ndi lingaliro la magwiridwe antchito awo.
Chiwonetserocho, atero a Leonel Sagahón, wopanga komanso wopititsa patsogolo, "chinali chokumana, pomwe tidakumana ndikuzindikirana, titakhala ndi chikumbumtima chabungwe. Chinalinso chiwonetsero choyamba pagulu, makamaka kuwonetsera kwathu pagulu ngati m'badwo, komwe kwa nthawi yoyamba tinanena zomwe timachita komanso zomwe timaganiza ".
Nthawi yomwe ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi imodzi mwazakudya ndi kusaka zomwe zidzakwaniritsidwe pokambirana pakati pa mibadwo yosiyanasiyana, poganizira mapulojekiti ndi zochitika zomwe malingaliro awo amagwirizana ndikutsutsana. Ntchito yaposachedwa kwambiri ndikupanga zikwangwani zakuwonetsero zomwe zidachitika ku Netherlands, Meyi watha, pomwe, polimbikitsidwa ndi magazini ya Matiz, owonetsa 22 - maofesi ndi anthu - akuimira zochitika zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsa.
Pambuyo pazowonetserako komanso zochitika zina zomwe achichepere awa achita, ndizotheka kutchula ena mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo pakapangidwe ka zikwangwani: Alejandro Magallanes, Manuel Monroy, Gustavo Amézaga ndi Eric Olivares, ndiomwe agwira ntchito kwambiri pazithunzi, ngakhale Gwiritsani ntchito gawo ili la Leonel Sagahón, Ignacio Peón, Domingo Martínez, Margarita Sada, Ángel Lagunes, Ruth Ramírez, Uzyel Karp ndi Celso Arrieta, osati kokha ngati opanga zilembo - popeza padzakhala ochepa oti atchule - koma monga olimbikitsa komanso okonda Kukula ndi kusinthika kwa sing'anga. Komanso, titchule za Duna vs Paul, opanga angapo omwe sanatenge nawo mbali pachionetserochi, koma adapanga zikwangwani za Palacio de Bellas Artes, ndi a José Manuel Morelos, omwe pano akuchita kafukufuku wofunikira pazithunzi zandale ku Mexico.
Opanga ena amachita ntchito zothandizana monga La Baca, la Perla, El Cartel de Medellín kutulutsa mitu yokhudza kulolerana, ku Cuba komanso ufulu wademokalase; M'mabuku awo amatsutsa mwamphamvu, motero amaphunzitsana wina ndi mnzake, magulu ena amafika pakupanga mndandanda womwe zikwangwani zawo sizimasainidwa ndi olemba okha koma monga gulu; Atenga - ambiri - mwachidwi matekinoloje atsopano, zochitika zatsopano, zisonkhezero zomwe zimabwera kuchokera kunja, kudzera pa intaneti komanso njira zina zolumikizirana. Kupyolera mu kulingalira za kapangidwe ndi ntchito yothandizana, akufuna kupanga chikwangwani ndi zoyeserera ndipo chimakhala ngati lingaliro lamtsogolo lakusunga ndikusunga maluso, kuwonjezera, kuti agwire ntchito yake ngati njira yolumikizirana.
Mbadwo wa okonza mapulani, obadwa mu zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi theka la makumi asanu ndi awiri, atha kale kukhala okhwima pantchito, ndipo ngakhale sangakhale ngati gulu lofanana, malinga ndi a Leonel Sagahón, pali zina zomwe zimawoneka ngati mibadwo : fufuzani chilankhulo chosiyana ndi zokongoletsa, nkhawa kuti musinthe momwe nkhani zokomera dziko zitha kuthetsedwera ndikufuna kusintha zokambiranazo, kusaka zatsopano zamatekinoloje ndi zizindikilo zatsopano.
Achinyamata amatenga zambiri zomwe zidachitidwa kale, amakhalanso ndi zopuma zaukadaulo; tikukhala munthawi yomwe njira zafulumira ndipo ndikofunikira kupanga kuwerengera ndi miyambo komanso zamakono. Okonza ayenera kudzidalira, agwiritse ntchito njira zonse zomwe zilipo komanso zamtsogolo kuti apitilize kukwaniritsa zosowa za chithunzithunzi cholumikizirana.
Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti m'badwo uno ukusaka chilankhulo chawo. Pogwira ntchito yawo nthawi zonse, pakuwunika ntchito, polimbikitsa ndi kufalitsa sing'anga iyi, azisungabe kutsogola kwawo ndikukhalitsa.
Iris Salgado. Ali ndi digiri mu Graphic Communication Design. Omaliza maphunziro a Uam-Xochimilco, adatenga digiri ya master ku Chilengedwe cha Design ku Sukulu Yopanga Zabwino. Pakalipano akugwira ntchito yapa Interactive catalog pa "Osati zikwangwani zonse ndizokongola."
Gwero Mexico mu Nthawi No. 32 September / October 1999
