Kuyambira mu 1991, National Institute of Anthropology and History ndi National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE), kudzera mu National Library of Anthropology and History and the Permanence of the Image Group, motsatana, adasaina mgwirizano mgwirizano wogwira ntchito yoteteza zithunzi.
Imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi ndikupanga kujambula zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kuzosungidwa zamakalata zosungidwa mu Library.
Ntchitoyi ili ndi zolinga ziwiri: mbali imodzi, kuthandizira kuteteza ma code kudzera pakujambula, chifukwa chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika zinthuzi ndikupanga kujambula ndikuwerenga ndikufalitsa, ndipo inayo, kupanga zithunzi za Kusintha kwakukulu kuti musinthe ma digito kenako ndikuwatengera ku tepi yamaginito yomwe imalola kufikira kwanu, mwa mawonekedwe a banki yazithunzi, yolumikizana mosiyanasiyana, momwe wofufuzirayo angawagwiritse ntchito momasuka.
Kuti akwaniritse zolinga zake, gulu lokhazikitsidwa pakati pazinthu zosiyanasiyana lidakhazikitsidwa lomwe lapangitsa kuti zitheke kusamalira zonse zasayansi zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu ntchitoyi, magawo osiyanasiyana a kafukufuku wofunsidwa. Momwemonso, zida, ma emulsions ojambula ndi makina owunikira adadziwika, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale makina ojambulira omwe amatha kupanga utoto ndi mbale zakuda ndi zoyera, posintha kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a matrix. . Makinawa amapangidwa ndi zida zowoneka bwino zopangidwa ndi kamera yolowerera, mumtundu wa 4 × 5,, yokhala ndi mandala a apochromatic (ndiye kuti, lens yokonzedwa kuti kutalika kwa mitundu itatu yoyambayi kuli chimodzimodzi ndege yokhazikika) ndi chithandizo chomwe chimalola kamera kukhazikitsidwa pa xy axis kuti isunthire mozungulira komanso mozungulira ndege yomwe ikulembedwera kujambulidwa.
Kukhazikika kwa kamera ndi kumbuyo kwa mandala pokhudzana ndi ndege zamakalata ndizofunikira kwambiri, komanso kusunga mawonekedwe ndi kufanana pakati pazithunzi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika motere, popeza zithunzi za ma codices ena, pokhala zazikulu, zimapangidwa ndimagawo, kuti athe kupeza chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Ma codices ndi zikalata zomwe zili ndi mbiri yamabanja zomwe zimafunikira njira zoyeserera, zomwe muyeso wamagetsi adapangidwa kuti zithandizire kukhazikika kwa zinthu zomwe zidalembedwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi amagetsi amtundu wa flash kudayimitsidwa chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwa mpweya wa ultraviolet, ndipo kusankha kudapangidwa kwa kuwala kwa tungsten kwa 3 400 ° K. Seti ya nyali zinayi za 250-watt zinali ndi zosefera zamagalasi ozizira komanso Zosefera za acetate zowongolera kuti zikhale zowunikira. Chosefera chowunikira chinaikidwanso pamakina amakamera kuti mayendedwe amiyala yochokera kumiyuni ndikuwonetsedwa ndi chikalatacho "adasinthidwa" ndi fyuluta ya analyzer, motero kulowa kwawo ku kamera kunali ndi adilesi yofanana ndi yomwe anali nayo ataperekedwa. Mwanjira imeneyi zinali zotheka kuwongolera ziwonetsero ndi mawonekedwe, komanso kuwonjezera kusiyanasiyana ndi kuwunikira kofananira, kufalikira komanso kuyanjana kwa chikalatacho; ndiye kuti, 680 lux, 320 pansi pa 1,000 lux yomwe imaloledwa kujambula zinthu zakale.
Kuyankha kwa densitometric kwamitundu inayi ya emulsion kunadziwika ndi kujambula zithunzi: Kanema wa Ektachrome 64 wamtundu wa T wama slides amitundu yokhala ndi 50 mpaka 125 mizere / mm resolution; Vericolor II lembani L pazoyipa zamitundu yokhala ndi mizere 10 mpaka 80 yolondola / mamilimita; T-max pazoyipa zazingwe za 63 mpaka 200 / resolution mm, ndi kanema wa infrared wakuda kwambiri ndi yoyera wokhala ndi mizere 32 mpaka 80 / mm.
Zithunzi zochokera kumayesero omwe adachitika koyambirira kwa ntchitoyi zidasinthidwa mu INAOE microdensitometer. Izi zidali gawo lachiwiri loyendetsa ndege. Zomwe zidapezeka pamafilimu a 64 T owonekera zidasindikizidwa zakuda ndi zoyera ndi malingaliro a 50 microns pa mfundo, zomwe ndizokwanira kuti zitenge chithunzicho ndi zina zomwe zingawoneke ndi maso apachiyambi. Ndi chigamulochi ndikupatsidwa gawo la digitization, matabwa onse amakhala ndi 8 MB yokumbukira.
Zithunzizi zajambulidwa, pa hard disk ya kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi microdensitometry system; Pambuyo pake, amatumizidwa (kudzera pa netiweki) kupita ku malo ogwirira ntchito a SUN, kenako kukakonzedwa ku Iraf workstation, yomwe ndi njira yoyeserera kusanthula zithunzi zakuthambo.
Zithunzizo zimasinthidwa moyenera ndi moyipa pseudocoIorations, ndipo mwanjira imeneyi amawunikiridwa kuti awone kusiyana komwe chidziwitso chimapereka malinga ndi kuphatikiza kwa ma pseudocoIorations. Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri ndikuti kuphunzira ma codices, kutengera zithunzi zongoyerekeza, sikuti kumangotilola kuti tiwone zambiri momveka bwino kuposa zakuda ndi zoyera, komanso kumalipira kuwonongeka komwe kukumana ndi zolembedwazo - chifukwa cha kupita kwa nthawi. nthawi ndi zina kapena zinthu zachilengedwe za chikalatacho, monga mawonekedwe, ulusi, kumva kuwawa, magulu amimba, ndi zina zambiri.
Gulu losiyanasiyana lomwe limapangidwa ndi oyang'anira, olemba mbiri, obwezeretsa, ojambula, asayansi, mainjiniya amagetsi, madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito ku labotale, onse omwe ali m'mayunivesite awiri, agwira nawo ntchitoyi, yomwe kudzera mgwirizanowu yaphatikiza chidziwitso chawo ndi zokumana nazo zoteteza chikhalidwe cha Mexico.
Pakadali pano, ma code code khumi ndi atatu oyambirira adasinthidwa: Colombino, Boturini, Sigüenza, Tlatelolco, Azoyú II, Moctezuma, Mixteco Postcortesiano No. 36, Tlaxcala, Nahuatzen, San Juan Huatla, Partial Plan of Mexico City, Lienzo de Sevina ndi Mapa ndi Coatlinchan.
Zosankha zofufuzidwa ndi zithunzi zamagetsi ndizambiri. Lingaliro la kubwezeretsa kwazithunzithunzi kwa zithunzizi litha kuchitidwa, mwachitsanzo, kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe amtundu wa chithunzicho pamlingo wa pixel (chithunzi cha chithunzi), komanso ndikumanganso kwa zinthu zomwe zawonongeka kapena zosowa, poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa mapikiselo oyandikana nawo. kudera lomwe likufunsidwalo.
Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zadijito ndi / kapena zamagetsi pazosunga mbiri yakale kumapereka mwayi wambiri wosonkhanitsira, ndikuwonjezera kuthekera kwa ntchito yosunga powaphatikiza ndi makina owerengera ndi zidziwitso zamakalata. Mofananamo, ndi zithunzi zadijito, zikalata zimatha kumangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe oyenera azithunzi komanso opangidwa mwapadera ndi ofufuza osiyanasiyana.
Pomaliza, zithunzi zadijito ndi chida chowonera makope osonkhanitsa, omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolemba za kusungidwa kwa zikalata, kuwunika njira zochiritsira zobwezeretsa komanso kupeza zipsera zamagetsi pamapepala owonera zakale komanso / kapena zolemba; Momwemonso, kuwonera ndi chida chowonetsera kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike chifukwa chazolemba.
Zithunzi zadijito zilinso chida champhamvu pakuwunika komanso zolemba pazosonkhanitsa; Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa njirazi sikuyenera kukhala kovulaza pantchito zachitetezo zomwe zimatsimikizira kutetezedwa kwa zomwe zidasungidwa kale.
Chitsime: Mexico mu Nthawi No. 10 Disembala
