Fray Diego de Landa, mmishonale wa ku Franciscan komanso wolemba mbiri yakale wazaka za m'ma 1500 ku Yucatán, wansanje ndi ntchito yake yolalikira, adayendera malo osiyanasiyana pachilumbachi pomwe zimadziwika kuti mabwinja aomwe amakhala kale.
Imodzi mwamaulendowa idapita naye ku likulu lodziwika bwino la Chichén Itzá, pomwe nyumba zake zochititsa chidwi zidasungidwa, mboni zachete zakukula kwakumbuyo kwakuti malinga ndi nkhani za akulu zidatha pambuyo pa nkhondo pakati pa Itzáes ndi Cocom. Pamapeto pa nkhondoyi, Chichén Itzá adasiyidwa ndipo nzika zawo zidasamukira kunkhalango za Petén.
Pomwe amakhala m'mabwinja, atsogoleri achikhalidwe a Fray Diego adamutengera ku cenote yotchuka, chitsime chachilengedwe chomwe chidapangidwa ndi kugwa kwa denga lomwe lidadzaza mtsinje wapansi panthaka, kulola amuna kuti azigwiritsa ntchito madziwo kuti apeze chakudya.
Khola lalikululi linali lopatulika kwa Amaya akale, popeza inali njira yolumikizirana ndi Chaac, mulungu wam'madzi mwabwino kwambiri, woyang'anira mvula yomwe imathirira minda ndikusangalatsa kukula kwa masamba, makamaka chimanga ndi mbewu zina zomwe adadyetsa amunawo.
Diego de Landa, wofunsa mafunso, kudzera mwa akulu omwe adaphunzitsidwa kale chigonjetso, adazindikira kuti Cenote Yopatulika inali malo ofunikira kwambiri pamiyambo yomwe idakondwerera likulu lakale . Zowonadi, kudzera mwa omufotokozerawo adaphunzira nthano zomwe zimayenda pakamwa ndikufotokoza za chuma chambiri, chopangidwa ndi golide ndi miyala yade, komanso zopereka za nyama ndi abambo, makamaka atsikana achichepere.
Nthano ina inafotokoza nkhani ya banja lachinyamata lomwe linabisala chikondi chawo m'nkhalango, motsutsana ndi kuletsa makolo a mtsikanayo kukumana ndi mwamuna, chifukwa popeza anali wopanda tsogolo lake anali atadziwika ndi milungu: tsiku lina, Atakula, amaperekedwa kwa Chaac, ndikumuponya kuchokera pa guwa lopatulika lomwe linali kumapeto kwa cenote, ndikumupatsa moyo kuti pakhale mvula yambiri nthawi zonse m'minda ya Chichén Itzá.
Momwemo linafika tsiku la phwando lalikulu ndipo okondana achichepere anasanzikana ndi nkhawa, ndipo munthawiyo pomwe wachinyamata wolimbayo adalonjeza wokondedwa wake kuti samwalira pomira. Ulendowu unapita kuguwa lansembe, ndipo atapemphera mosalekeza kwamatsenga ndi matamando kwa mulungu wamvula, pachimake panafika pomwe anaponyera miyala yamtengo wapataliyo pamodzi ndi mtsikanayo, yemwe analira modabwitsa pamene anagwa mu opanda kanthu ndipo thupi lake linali likumira m'madzi.
Mnyamatayo, pamenepo, anali atatsikira pamtunda pafupi ndi madzi, atabisika pamaso pa gulu la anthu, akuthamangira kutsogolo kuti akwaniritse lonjezo lake. Panalibe kusowa kwa anthu omwe adazindikira kupembedzaku ndikuchenjeza ena; mkwiyo udali wagulu ndipo momwe adakonzekera kuti amange othawawo, adathawa.
Mulungu wamvula analanga mzinda wonsewo; Zinali zaka zingapo za chilala zomwe zidasokoneza anthu ku Chichén, ndikuphatikizana ndi njala ndi matenda oopsa omwe adapha anthu okhala mwamantha, omwe amadzinenera kuti ndiwodzetsa mavuto awo onse.
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, nthanozo zidalanda chinsinsi mzindawo womwe udasiyidwa, womwe udakutidwa ndi zomera, ndipo sizingakhale zaka zoyambilira zaka makumi awiri pomwe a Edward Thompson, pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wawo wazoyimira, adavomerezedwa kukhala kazembe wa United States , Adapeza malo okhala mabwinja a mwinimunda wa ku Yucatecan yemwe adawona ngati malo oyenera kubzala motero sanamupatse phindu.
Thompson, katswiri wodziwa nthano zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chuma chambiri chomwe chidaponyedwa m'madzi a cenote, adayesetsa kuyesetsa kuti awone ngati nkhaniyi ndi yoona. Pakati pa 1904 ndi 1907, woyamba ndi osambira atadumphira m'madzi amatope kenako ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi osavuta, adatenga mazana azinthu zamtengo wapatali zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera pansi pa chitsime chopatulika, pakati pake panali zokongoletsa zokongola komanso mikanda yazunguliro yojambulidwa yade, ndi ma disc, ma mbale ndi mabelu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi golidi, mwina pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira nyundo kapena kuzikonza mu maziko ndi sera yotayika.
Tsoka ilo, chuma chimenecho chidachotsedwa mdziko lathu ndipo, kwakukulukulu, tsopano chimasungidwa muzosungidwa za Peabody Museum ku United States. Popeza aku Mexico adalimbikira kuti abwerere zaka zopitilira makumi anayi zapitazo, bungweli lidabweza zidutswa 92 zagolide ndi zamkuwa, makamaka, komwe amapita ku Mayan Room of National Museum of Anthropology, ndipo mu 1976 zinthu 246 zidaperekedwa ku Mexico , makamaka zokongoletsera za jade, zidutswa zamatabwa ndi zina zomwe zimawonetsedwa, chifukwa cha kunyada kwa Yucatecans, ku Regional Museum of Mérida.
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za 20th panali maulendo atsopano ofufuza ku Sacred Cenote, omwe tsopano akulamulidwa ndi akatswiri ofukula mabwinja ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina amakono obera. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake, ziboliboli zodabwitsa zidadziwika, ndikuwonetsa chithunzi cha jaguar wamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa Postclassic Maya woyambirira, yemwe ankagwira ntchito yonyamula wamba. Zinthu zina zamkuwa zomwe munthawi yawo zimawoneka ngati golide wowala, ndi zokongoletsa za jade, komanso zidutswa zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu raba, zokoma kwambiri, zomwe zidasungidwa m'malo am'madzi, zidapulumutsidwa.
Akatswiri ofufuza za chikhalidwe chawo anali kuyembekezera mwachidwi mafupa a anthu kuti achitire umboni za zidutswazo, koma panali magulu okha a mafupa a ana ndi mafupa a nyama, makamaka feline, zomwe zidafafaniza nthano zachikondi za atsikana operekedwa nsembe.
