Tsiku ndi tsiku timafunikira ntchito yawo ndipo timatsimikizira kapena kufunsa, pafupifupi nthawi zonse mopanda chilungamo, magwiridwe antchito awo.
Sitikudziwa dzina lake ndipo nkhope yake ndi yachilendo kwa ife, ngakhale ali wobweretsa nkhani, mthenga wa nkhani komanso wolengeza zochitika. M'malo mwake, amadziwa kuti ndife ndani, timakhala ndi ndani komanso kuti ndizotheka kukumana ndi ndani.
Kuphweka kwake, kukhulupirika kwake komanso kudzipereka kwake pantchito yake kwampangitsa kuti akhale okhazikika ngakhale atapita patsogolo paukadaulo komanso kukana kwathu kuti titenge cholembera ndi pepala ndikukhazikika mwakachetechete kuti tilembe.
Wotumizayo, wosadziwika, samanyalanyazidwa nthawi zambiri. Amangowonekera kamodzi pachaka ndikutsitsa khadi yosavuta pakhomo pathu kulengeza kuyandikira kwa chikondwerero cha Novembala 12.
Zoyipa za Joseph Lazcano
Sosaite yasintha kambirimbiri kuyambira pomwe Joseph Lazcano, positi woyamba ku New Spain, adayamba kutumiza makalata ndi mafayilo, makalata, zikalata zovomerezeka, mabuku ndi zina zomwe zidasindikizidwa kunyumba ku Mexico City. Malinga ndi malamulo achifumu, Lazcano adalipira positi, yomwe idawonetsedwa kale mu envulopu ya postmaster. Anangolandira kotala la malipiro owonjezera pa chilembo chilichonse.
Zikuwoneka kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa Lazcano kunapangidwa mu 1763 kapena 1764, pomwe likulu la New Spain lidagawika m'magawo oyambira ndipo lidayamba kukhala mzinda waukulu, wovuta kuyang'anira chifukwa chakukula kwake kosalongosoka.
Kuphatikiza pakunyamula makalatawo, mwazinthu zina, woperekayo amayenera kuzindikira kusintha kwa adilesi, kufunsa za atsopanowo ndikusiya zilembo m'manja mwa wolandirayo, kapena abale ake kapena antchito, ngati sangapezeke, bola anali kuwadziwa payekha. Ngati kutumizako kunali kotsimikizika, amayenera kutenga risiti yofananayo ndikupereka ku positi ofesi. Malinga ndi lamulo la 1762, pomwe postman sanakwaniritse kutumiza kwake kwa maola khumi ndi awiri kapena pomwe adasintha mtengo womwe udalembedwa mu emvulopuyo, adayimitsidwa, chifukwa amamuwona kuti sayenera kuyamikiridwa ndi anthu.
M'nthawi yake, a Joseph Lazcano anali postman yekhayo ku Mexico City, pomwe mzindawo Paris anali kale ndi 117. Mwachidziwikire, ngakhale panali kusintha, mu 1770 udindo wa postman unathetsedwa mpaka 1795 pomwe chifukwa chatsopano Mwa lamulo, positi maofesi adapangidwa ku Mexico ndi Veracruz ndipo ma post post oyikapo adakhazikitsidwa m'mizinda ndi m'matawuni ambiri.
Kuyambira tsiku lomwelo, otumiza ku New Spain adayamba kuvala yunifolomu, yomwe inali ndi thumba lansalu yabuluu lokhala ndi chupín, kolala ndi ma curls ofiira okhala ndi zolemba zagolide. Amuna otumizira uthenga a nthawi imeneyo ankaonedwa kuti ndi ofesi ya usilikali.
Amuna a positi ankabwera ndikumapita
Munthawi ya Nkhondo Yodziyimira pawokha, otumizirawo adasowa powonekera, pamalipiro awo. Sizikudziwika ngati ochepa omwe adatsala adakwanitsa kupulumuka pokhapokha zopereka za omwe adalandira. Zomwe zilipo ndizoti makalata adatsalira kuma post office, m'mndandanda wosatha mpaka atanenedwa.
Mu 1865 padaperekedwa lamulo lolamula kuti munthu aliyense azinyamula postman mdera lililonse kapena m'mizinda, 8 onse. Kulimbana kosalekeza pakati pa magulu amagetsi kunalepheretsa lamuloli kuti likwaniritsidwe, koma patatha zaka zitatu "Lamulo la Public Administration Postmen Service" lidasindikizidwa, kudzera mwa omwe wotumizayo amalipira positi, koma pogwiritsa ntchito masitampu; mbali inayi, makalata amangovomerezedwa ngati anali mu maenvulopu.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zofalitsa zomwe zidachitika chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, a positi ofesi adapeza kuti kuli koyenera kutumiza makalata, zolembera, timabuku, zopereka, mapepala, makalendala, makhadi, zolengeza, zidziwitso kapena masekondi. malonda, matikiti a lottery, osindikizidwa pamakatoni, vellum kapena chinsalu ndi pepala la nyimbo.
Pofika mu 1870 gulu lonse la makalata lidapitilira ziyembekezo zonse. Mosakayikira, ngakhale panali maumboni ochepa pankhaniyi, ntchito ya anthu asanu ndi m'modzi otumizira likuluyo iyenera kuti inali yofunika kwambiri pamtendere wa Porfirian, yomwe inali nthawi yofunika kwambiri pakukulitsa kulumikizana. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 makalata anali atagwira kale zidutswa 123 miliyoni pachaka.
Yunifolomu yam'mbuyo yam'zaka zam'ma 2000 inali ndi malaya oyera, tayi yamizeremizere, jekete lalitali lolunjika ndi zikopa zazikulu, ndi kapu yokhala ndi zoyambira zapositi zomwe zidamangidwa kutsogolo. Malinga ndi umboni wa munthu wa postman wazaka zomwe adatuluka mu Nuestra Correo, kuti agwiritse ntchito malonda omwe adagwirapo kale ntchito, kutanthauza kuti, osalandira malipiro kwa zaka ziwiri, pambuyo pake adayamba kulandira masenti 87 patsiku. Wofunsidwayo adati pomwe wolemba posachita bwino pantchito, mabwana adamumenya osaganizira komanso amuthamangitsa. Ngati wina angayerekeze kudandaula zimakhala zoyipa, chifukwa olamulira amatitumiza ndikutisunga chifukwa chophwanya ntchito. Tinali ndi mtundu wankhondo.
Amatumizi amakono
Mu 1932 gulu la atumwi 14 okhala ndi njinga adapangidwa kuti azilemberana makalata "mwachangu". Ntchitoyi idasowa mu 1978, pomwe, mwa njira, ma portfolio awiri achikazi adalembedwa ntchito ku Mexicali, Baja California.
Mpaka pomwepo, ntchito ya postman inali yofanana kwambiri ndi yomwe idachitika m'zaka za zana la 18, pomwe, mwa zina zambiri, amayenera kupatula zilembo zomwe zimayenera kutumizidwa powalamula mumsewu ndikulemba ndi chidindo chofananira, komanso kulemba kalatayo pensulo. dongosolo la kutumiza. Zikuwoneka kuti kugwiritsa ntchito nambala ya positi, yomwe idagwira kuyambira 1981, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto oyenda kunachepetsa ntchito ya postman, koma pochita ntchito yake zopinga zatsopano zidabuka, mwa zina mtunda wawutali, kuopsa kwa misewu yowonekera, kusowa chitetezo komanso koposa zonse, kuchepa kwamakhalidwe kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20.
Pofika 1980, Mexico inali ndi anthu oposa 8,000 onyamula makalata, ndipo theka la iwo ankagwira ntchito likulu. Pafupifupi, aliyense amatumiza makalata mazana atatu tsiku lililonse, ndipo amanyamula chikwama chomwe chimalemera makilogalamu makumi awiri.
Matrasti a trust yodalirika, postmen ndi chizindikiro cha chitukuko. Zomwe zili mu jekete lawo amanyamula chisangalalo, chisoni, kuzindikira, kupezeka kwa iwo omwe kulibe kumakona akutali kwambiri. Kukhulupirika kwawo ndi kuyesetsa kwawo kumalola kuti pakhale mgwirizano womwe sungabwezeredwe kapena kutsimikizidwanso pakati pa wotumiza ndi wolandirayo: mwayi wokambirana.
Gwero: Mexico mu Time No. 39 Novembala / Disembala 2000
