Potsatira mapazi a woyendetsa sitima wamkulu komanso wofuna kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi Sebastián Vizcaíno, tinaganiza zopita mgalimoto 4x4 m'malo amodzi osungidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso lalikulu kwambiri ku Mexico.
Hafu ya zaka zana limodzi atamwalira Hernán Cortés, Sebastián Vizcaíno, msirikali wabwino komanso woyendetsa sitima yapamadzi, adanyamuka kuti ayang'anire zombo zake zitatu kukafunafuna zatsopano ndi zatsopano, ndi cholinga chokhacho chofuna kugonjetsa ma Californias.
Vizcaíno adachoka padoko la Acapulco ndikutsata njira ya Cortés, kudutsa Pacific Ocean kupita ku Cabo San Lucas. Pomaliza, mu Okutobala 1596 adatsika mu Bay of Santa Cruz, yotchedwa Hernán Cortés chifukwa paulendo wake adaipeza pa Meyi 3, 1535. Komabe, Vizcaíno adasintha dzina kukhala Bahía de la Paz, zomwe wazisunga mpaka pano, popeza atafika Amwenye adamulandila bwino ndikumupatsa zipatso, akalulu, hares ndi agwape.
Vizcaíno adapita ku Gulf of California, ndipo paulendo wake adakumana ndi mafunde amphamvu komanso achinyengo a Nyanja ya Cortez. Mphepo zakumpoto chakumadzulo, zomwe zidakwapula matanga, zidakankhira zombozo mbali ina, ndikupangitsa kupita patsogolo kukhala kovuta. Komabe, pamwambowu adafika pa kufanana kwa 27 komwe adapeza chuma cham'madzi cham'malere: ngale ndi nsomba zokwanira kudzaza zombo ndi mabwato.
Kenako adabwerera ku Bay of Peace komwe adapezanso mphamvu, adasiya amuna odwala ndipo adapitiliza ulendo wake m'mbali mwa Pacific Ocean. Pamwambowu adafika pa kufanana 29, koma popeza zombo ndi ogwira ntchito anali ovuta kwambiri, adayenera kubwerera ku New Spain.
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, motsogozedwa ndi Count of Monterrey, Vizcaíno adayamba ulendo wake wachiwiri. Pamwambowu cholinga chake sichinali kugonjetsa madera ndikuwalamulira, osati kulanda chuma ndikukumana ndi Amwenye aku chilumbachi. Ntchitoyi inali yasayansi mwachilengedwe ndipo adazindikira amuna anzeru komanso asayansi monga Enrico Martínez yemwe adalemba nawo zachilengedwe.
Pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi asayansi akuyenera kuwona kadamsana ndi momwe mphepo ikuyendera; anchorges, magombe ndi madoko adadziwika; makampu oyenera ndi nsomba za ngale; Madera amderali adasanthulidwa ndikujambula, kuwonetsa zilumba, zisoti, ma overhangs ndi ngozi zilizonse zapadziko lapansi kuti akonze mamapu oyamba mwatsatanetsatane pachilumbachi chomwe mpaka pano chidali chilumba. Ulendowu unayenda kuchokera ku Bahía ndi Isla Magdalena ndi Margarita kupita ku Bahía Ballenas ndi Isla Cedros. Zotsatira za ntchitoyi inali mapu oyamba atsatanetsatane a gombe la Pacific.
Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve ndiye yayikulu kwambiri ku Mexico; Ili m'chigawo cha Baja California Sur m'chigawo cha Mulejé. Ili ndi malo okwana 2 546 790 ha, omwe akuyimira 77% ya dera lamatauni.
Malowa amachokera kumapiri a San Francisco ndi Santa Marta mpaka kuzilumba ndi zisumbu za Pacific Ocean; imakhudza chipululu cha Vizcaíno, Guerrero Negro, Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, malo otsetsereka ku California, Chilumba cha Delgadito, zilumba za Pelícano, zilumba za Delgadito, chilumba cha Malcob, chilumba cha San Ignacio, chilumba cha San Roque, chilumba cha Asunción ndi chilumba cha Natividad. Novembala 30, 1988. Chuma cham'mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe chachilengedwe ndichodabwitsa. Pali zojambula zozizwitsa zaphanga, ndi zinsinsi zawo zonse, zomwe zikuyimiranso chithunzi chenicheni.
Timasiya mthunzi komanso masamba atsopano a San Ignacio kuti tilowe m'chipululu chopanda kanthu. Titafika m'tauni ya Vizcaíno timayamba ulendo wopita m'misewu yokhotakhota yomwe imawoneka kuti imatha. Magetsi ena adayamba kuwonekera ndipo patadutsa makilomita ochepa, chikwangwani chowunika cha neon chomwe chidayatsa ndikutizimukira chatilandira; Anali cabaret wa Bahía Tortugas.
Tinkadutsa mtawuniyi pakati pa zonyamula zaku America ndi nyumba zamatabwa zodyedwa ndi saltpeter, kufunafuna nkhanu yabwino kapena abalone. Anthu aku North Pacific amakhala pazinthu ziwirizi.
Tsiku lotsatira tinapitiliza ulendo wathu wopita kuchipululu, koma tisanadutse malo otayira zinyalala omwe ali kunja kwa Bahía Tortugas. Zotsalira zamagalimoto omwe anali atachita dzimbiri, matayala komanso zotsalira zamagulu akuluakulu ankhondo amphibiya zidapereka chithunzi chamtsogolo chakusiyidwa ndi kuwomboledwa. Tinafika kumapeto kwa mpatawo: tinali ku Punta Eugenia, mitengo ya nkhanu ndi mitengo ya abalone yomwe ili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwenikweni kwa malo omwe amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa gombe la Sebastián Vizcaíno Bay. Kuchokera pano tidapita kunyanja m'boti losodza ndipo titha kulingalira za sargassum yayikulu yomwe imakhala munyanja. Cholinga chathu chinali kudziwa nyama zazilumba; Nyama zam'madzi monga mikango yam'nyanja ndi njovu komanso mazana a abakha, cormorants ndi nkhono. M'masiku omwe tinali komweko timatha kulingalira zomwe Sebastián Vizcaíno adamva polingalira za kukongola kwakeko. Zomwe tikudziwa lero ngati Vizcaíno Reserve ndiye cholowa cha dziko lapansi, osati cha makampani aku Japan komanso vivillo wanthawi zina, ndipo ndiudindo wa amuna kuti azilemekeza, kuteteza ndikusunga.
GweroMexico Yosadziwika No. 227 / Januware 1996
Wojambula waluso pamasewera osangalatsa. Adagwira MD kwa zaka zopitilira 10!
