Palenque ndi malo ozungulirawa ndi malo okopa alendo kuti akasangalale ndi mitundu itatu yamadzi: umodzi wazakafukufuku wamabwinja ndi mbiri yakale, wina m'madzi ake okongola komanso okoma, komanso wina m'makeke ake okoma. Tikukupemphani kuti mudziwe Mzinda Wamatsenga Chiapaneco ndi bukuli lathunthu.
1. Kodi Palenque ili kuti ndipo ndinafikako bwanji?
Palenque ndi mzinda wa Chiapas wochokera ku Mayan, mtsogoleri wamatauni omwe ali ndi dzina lomweli kumpoto kwa boma. Anthu akomweko amapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuko a Chol, Tzeltal ndi Lacandon. Boma limadutsa Guatemala kumwera chakum'mawa, lili ndi magawo atatu akumalire ndi boma la Tabasco komanso ndi oyandikana ndi mabungwe amchigawo cha Chiapas aku Catazajá, La Libertad, Ocosingo, Chilón ndi Salto de Agua. Mizinda yoyandikira kwambiri ku Palenque ndi Villahermosa, Tabasco, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 145 kumadzulo, ndi San Cristóbal de las Casas, yomwe ndi 219 km kumwera.
2. Kodi Palenque anapezeka bwanji?
Mzinda wa Palenque usanachitike ku Columbian udamangidwa munthawi ya Classic Period, yomwe idayamba mkatikati mwa zaka za zana lachitatu pambuyo pa Khristu, ndikuyamba umodzi mwamfumu yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yotchuka yaku Mayan m'mbiri, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake komanso kukongola kwa luso lake. Tawuni yaku Spain idakhazikitsidwa ku 1567 ndi wolimba mtima waku Spain waku Dominican Pedro Lorenzo de la Nada, yemwe adakwanitsa kuphatikiza Amwenye a Chole. Malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja adapezeka mu 1740 ndipo mu 1813 ma Cortes aku Cádiz adakweza Palenque kupita pagulu la tawuni; udindo wamzindawu udalandiridwa mu 1972 pomwe wa Pueblo Mágico ku 2015.
3. Kodi Magic Town ili ndi nyengo yotani?
Palenque imakhala yotentha, yotentha, yamvula komanso yamvula. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi 26.6 ° C; yomwe imakwera pafupifupi 30 ° C mu Meyi, mwezi wotentha kwambiri, ndipo imachepa pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira, thermometer ikawerenga 23 ° C mu Januware. Kutentha kumatha kutentha mpaka 36 ° C nthawi zina, pomwe nthawi yotentha kwambiri, kutentha sikutsika pansi pa 17 ° C usiku wozizira kwambiri. Ku Palenque kumagwa mvula yambiri, pafupifupi 2,394 mm pachaka ndipo mwezi uliwonse kumatha kugwa mvula, ngakhale nyengo yamvula yodziwika kwambiri ili pakati pa Juni ndi Okutobala.
4. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Palenque ndi ziti?
Palenque ndi malo ofunikira m'mbiri yakale ya Columbus ku Mexico chifukwa cha kukula, ulemu, luso lazomanga ndi luso lomwe limawonetsedwa pazowonetsera zake zingapo. Mzinda wokongola wa Mayan ndiyofunikira kwa aliyense wokonda mbiri yaku Mexico ndipo ndi amodzi mwamalo omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi zokopa alendo padziko lonse lapansi komanso akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pomaliza ulendo wopita kumalo ofukula mabwinja, pitani ku Alberto Ruz Lhuillier Site Museum.
Chophimbidwa pang'ono ndi kutchuka kwa Palenque, pafupi ndi mzindawu ndi malo ena ofunikira kwambiri, monga Bonampak, Yaxchilán ndi Toniná. Ndipo popeza chilichonse sichingakhale mabwinja ofukula mabwinja, Palenque ndi malo ozungulira amapereka zokopa zachilengedwe zokopa zakunja, monga Aluxes Ecopark, Agua Azul Waterfalls, Misol Ha Waterfall ndi Agua Clara Spa. Malo ena osangalatsa pafupi ndi Palenque ndi tawuni yaying'ono ya Catazajá.
5. Kodi kufunika kwa malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja a Palenque ndi kotani?
Malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja a Palenque ndi amodzi mwa miyambo yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yaku Mayan, ngakhale adangofufuza ndikufukula pang'ono pang'ono. Amakhulupirira kuti nyumba zopitilira chikwi zimayikidwabe m'nkhalango, ndipo zomwe sizinaululidwe zikuwonetsa chidwi cha luso la Amaya. Idamangidwa munthawi yachikale, yomwe idasiyidwa asanagonjetse ndipo idapezekanso mzaka za 17th. Pazomwe zapezeka mpaka pano, Kachisi wa Zolemba, Nyumba Yachifumu, Set of Crosses, Aqueduct ndi nyumba zina zikuwonekera. Palenque ili ndi magulu a National Park ndi World Heritage Site.
6. Chifukwa chiyani Kachisi wa Zolembedwazo amadziwika?
Ili m'dera lotchedwa Great Plaza, pamalo otsetsereka achilengedwe. Inayambitsidwa ndi wolamulira wotchuka wa Mayan Pakal Wamkulu ndipo adamaliza ndi mwana wake mzaka za m'ma 80 za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Imalandira dzina lake kuchokera pamipukutu yambiri yolembedwa ndi zilembo za stucco zomwe zathandizira kwambiri pakumvetsetsa kwa chitukuko cha Mayan. Mu 1949, manda a Pakal adapezeka pansi pa kachisi. Nyumbayi ndi piramidi yantchito zisanu ndi zitatu komanso kachisi yemwe amayimira magawo 9 a pansi pa Mayan, kutalika kwake mamitala 22.8.
7. Kodi El Palacio ndi wotani?
Nyumba yokongolayi ili ndi malo pafupifupi theka la mahekitala, kutalika kwake 85 mita kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera ndi 60 mita kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo. Ili ndi masitepe ataliatali pazipinda zake zitatu ndipo idapangidwa ndi Pakal pazotsalira za zomangamanga zam'mbuyomu. Pakatikati pa Nyumba Yachifumuyo pali nsanja yazigawo zinayi yomangidwa kwathunthu ndi zomangamanga ndi zipilala zazikulu, zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zidagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza, ngakhale mtundu wina ukusonyeza kuti mwina zidakhala zakuthambo. Mabwalo ake akuluakulu, kuchuluka kwa zipinda ndi nyumba zazikulu zokongoletsera zikuwonetsa kuti anali malo okongoletsa kwambiri.
8. Kodi chimadziwika ndi chiyani mu Conjunto de las Cruces?
Amapangidwa ndi nyumba zitatu zazikuluzikulu: Kachisi wa Mtanda, Kachisi wa Foliated Cross ndi Kachisi wa Dzuwa. Onse atatuwa amadziwika ndi kukhazikitsidwa pamapiramidi opondapo komanso pazithunzi zawo. Mfumu yakufa yaika mfumu! mwambiwo umati. Gululi linapangidwa kuti lilemekeze Chan Bahlum II atalowa pampando wachifumu atamwalira Pakal the Great. Dzinalo la Las Cruces siloyenera, chifukwa zowona akachisi ndizoyimira za mtengo wachilengedwe malinga ndi nthano za Mayan. Kuchokera ku Kachisi wa Mtanda, gulu lapakati lidachotsedwa ndi chifanizo cha chilombo chomwe chimamera chimanga, chomwe chimasungidwa ku National Museum of Anthropology.
9. Nchiyani chodziwika bwino mu ngalande?
Ndi nyumba yosanjikiza, yakuya mamita atatu, yomwe imatsogolera madzi a Mtsinje wa Otulum pansi pa bwalo lalikulu, kum'mawa kwa Nyumba Yachifumu. Pansi pamtsinje, pamalo otchedwa Bath of the Queen, pali mlatho wamwala. A Mayan anali aluso kwambiri pakupanga njira zopezera madzi; Mu Julayi 2016 National Institute of Anthropology and History yalengeza zakupezeka kwa ma hydraulic system pansi pamanda a Pakal the Great. Amakhulupirira kuti atha kukhala ofanana ndi mawu olembedwa pamanda a wolamulira, omwe akuwonetsa kuti kuti alowe kumanda amayenera kumizidwa m'madzi.
10. Kodi pali nyumba zina zosangalatsa ku Palenque?
Kachisi wa Count ali ndi mbiri yolemetsa, chifukwa ku Pre-Puerto Rico Mexico kunalibe zigawo. Limalandira dzinali chifukwa linali malo okhalamo wofufuza komanso wojambula waku France a Jean-Frédéric Waldeck, pomwe adakhala nyengo ku Palenque m'ma 1820; Waldeck adadzitcha khutu. Kachisi wa Count amafikiridwa kudzera pamakwerero otsetsereka. Kachisi wa Mkango anali ndi mpumulo wowongoka, wowonongedwa momvetsa chisoni, wokhala ndi mfumu yokhala ndi mpando wachifumu wokhala ngati jaguar wamitu iwiri.
11. Kodi Alberto Ruz Lhuillier Site Museum ikuwonetsa chiyani?
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi yomwe ili pamalo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja yatchedwa dzina la Alberto Ruz Lhuillier, wofufuza zakale waku France waku Mexico Alberto Ruz Lhuillier, wofufuza wodziwika m'mizinda yaku Mayeso ku America ndipo adazindikira pakati pa manda a Pakal the Great mu Kachisi Wolembedwa ku Palenque. Zitsanzo zomwe zawonetsedwa zimapangidwa ndi zidutswa zomwe zapulumutsidwa patsamba lomwelo, mitundu yofotokozera ndi zina zothandizira. Zina mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pali zoumbaumba, zokongoletsa maliro, matabwa ndi zopereka zamiyambo, ziboliboli zosiyanasiyana, chigoba chakupha cha Pakal Wamkulu ndi cha wotchedwa Queen Red, mkazi yemwe akuyenera kukhala Ahpo-Hel, mkazi wa wolamulira wotchuka.
12. Kodi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi Malo a Zakale Zakale a Bonampak ndi chiyani?
Ngati munapita ku Palenque, ndiyofunika kuyenda ma 150 km. kum'mwera chakum'mawa kuti mupeze malo osangalatsa a Bonampak Archaeological, mkati mwa Lacandon Jungle. Chokopa chachikulu patsamba lino la Mayan pafupi ndi malire ndi Guatemala ndi zojambula zake pamakoma, zopangidwa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu. Zojambulazo ndi umboni wochuluka kwambiri wazigawo m'moyo wa Mayan. Zithunzi zokongola zikuphatikiza amisili pantchito; oyimba akuimba zitoliro, ng'oma ndi zida zina; magule, zochitika zankhondo ndi akaidi okonzekera kupereka nsembe.
13. Kodi kufunikira kwa Malo Ofukula Zakale a Yaxchilán ndi kotani?
Makilomita 165. kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Palenque ndi malo enawa ofukula zakale, omwe ali kutsogolo kwa banki ya Mtsinje wa Usumacinta. Yaxchilán inali malo ofunikira amphamvu zama Mayan munthawi yachikale, yolamulira Bonampak ndikumenyana ndi Piedras Negras. Tsambali limasiyanitsidwa ndi chuma chake chaluso, makamaka miyala yosemedwa pazitseko zam'makomo, komanso zolemba pamanja zolembedwa zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pa mbiri ya mzindawu komanso mafumu ake. Zina mwazosangalatsa ndi stelae, Great Plaza ndi Great Acropolis.
14. Kodi malo a zakale za Toniná ali kuti?
Tsamba lamabwinja la Mayan lomwe tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupite lili pa 115 km kuchokera ku Palenque, pafupi ndi Ocosingo. Toniná adakhala nthawi yake yokongola pakati pa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi nsanja zazikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri zasungidwa. Pa nsanja yachitatu, Palace of the Underworld imaonekera; wachinayi pali nyumba yachifumu ya Agiriki ndi Nkhondo; nsanja yachisanu ndi chimodzi imakhala ndi Mural of the Four Suns, fanizo la Mibadwo Inayi Yachilengedwe; ndipo papulatifomu yachisanu ndi chiwiri Kachisi wa Akaidi ndi Kachisi wa Mirror Yosuta amaonekera, wapamwamba kwambiri ku Mesoamerica. Toniná ili ndi ziwonetsero zokongola kwambiri, makamaka miyala yamiyala ndi stucco, komanso zokutira zokhala ndi mbali ziwiri zamakona atatu a isosceles.
15. Kodi ndingatani ku Aluxes Ecopark?
Ndi paki ndi pothawirapo nyama zakutchire zomwe zimakhazikitsa lingaliro lodalirika lazachilengedwe, zomwe zimathandizira kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa alendo ndi nyama. Ili pafupi ndi mabwinja ofukula mabwinja ndipo amadyetsedwa makamaka ndikulanda nyama zomwe zimawopsezedwa ndi akuluakulu. Kumeneko mutha kudyetsa ng'ona ndi nyama zazing'onoting'ono, komanso kulumikizana ndi ana ng'ona, macaws ofiira ndi akamba amphona. Amaperekanso kukwera ngalawa ndikuyenda usana ndi usiku kwa magulu a anthu osachepera 4. Amatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse pachaka pakati pa 9 AM mpaka 4:30 PM.
16. Kodi mathithi a Agua Azul ali pafupi motani?
Mathithiwa, omwe ndi okongola kwambiri ku Mexico, amapezeka m'malo oteteza zinyama ndi zinyama zomwe zili m'chigawo cha Chiapas ku Tumbalá, 64 km kuchokera ku Palenque. Buluu wamtengo wapatali wamadzi amadziwika ndi tinthu tating'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'ono ta madzi timene timayimitsidwa, ndipo pamodzi ndi zoyera za thovu ndi zobiriwira za zomera, zimapanga vignette ya kukongola kosayerekezeka. Mphepoyi imatsika mododometsa, ndikupanga mathithi ndi maiwe achilengedwe momwe zimasangalatsa kumiza. Madzi olemera ndi mchere amapanganso mitengo ikuluikulu yamitengo yomwe imakonda kuwona m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena mkatikati mwa mtsinjewo.
17. Kodi mathithi a Misol Ha ndi otani?
Madzi amadzi okwera mita 30 ali 20 km kuchokera ku Palenque; Imagwera ndikupanga chitsime momwe mungasambire ndikutsatira moyenera. Mtsinjewu umapanga mathithi angapo pakati paudzu wandiweyani ndipo anali amodzi mwamalo a kanema wotchuka Nyamayolembedwa ndi Arnold Schwarzenegger ndikuwombera kwathunthu pamagawo aku Mexico. Dera lamadzi limayang'aniridwa ndi gulu la ejidatarios lomwe limaperekanso malo okhala. Mawu akuti chol "Misol Ha" amatanthauza "kusesa kapena kugwa kwamadzi."
18. Kodi zokopa za Agua Clara Spa ndi ziti?
Ndi paki yokaona zachilengedwe yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 55 kuchokera ku Palenque panjira yopita ku mathithi a Agua Azul pamsewu waukulu wa 199. Mpweya wamadzi umapangidwa ndikuthandizira kwa mitsinje ingapo yomwe ili Shumulhá kapena Agua Clara, Tulijá, Michol, Bascam ndi Misol Ha. Madzi ndi malo ozungulira mutha kuchita zosangalatsa monga kusambira, kukwera bwato, kukwera pamahatchi komanso kukwera mapiri. Pazomera zokongola ndizotheka kusilira mbewu monga avocado, red sapodilla, arnica, begonia, chincuya wamtchire, nsungwi ndi copal. Kudzakhala kovuta pang'ono kwa inu kuwona gwape wa mchira woyera kapena tepescuintle, awiri oimira nyama zakomweko.
19. Kodi ku Catazajá ndi chiyani?
Makilomita 30. Kumpoto kwa Palenque pa Highway 199 ndi tawuni yaying'ono ya Catazajá, lomwe dzina lawo lachilengedwe limatanthauza "chigwa chokutidwa ndi madzi." Makamaka, zokopa alendo ambiri pamalopo ndi madzi ake, makamaka Catazajá Lagoon, komwe mungakonde manatees, otter ndi akamba, mwina mwina kukopa bass, carp kapena guabina. Komabe, nsomba yosangalatsa kwambiri yomwe imakhala m'nyanjayi ndi alligator peje, mtundu wosangalatsa chifukwa chazomwe amachita pakusintha komanso phindu la nyama yake. Mwinanso mutha kuyikapo chinthu chimodzi ngati chikumbutso.
20. Kodi luso la Tawuni ya Matsenga lili bwanji?
Amisiri amderali, makamaka ma Choles achilengedwe, Tzeltales ndi Lacondones, amapanga zidutswa zokongola komanso zokongola, kuyambira zovala zam'madera ndi zovala zokongoletsa, matumba ndi zikwama zamatumba. Alinso ndi luso logwira ntchito zoumbaumba, matabwa, zitsulo, miyala yokongoletsera ndi amber, ndikupanga zojambulajambula pakhungu. Katswiri wina wamzindawu ndi omwe amatchedwa omwe amagwira maloto kapena omwe amalota maloto, makoko okhala ndi ukonde, wokongoletsedwa ndi zinthu zowala, monga nthenga. M'malo amenewa, amisiri a ku Palenque amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zam'derali, ngakhale zidutswazo sizabwino kwenikweni kwachilengedwe.
21. Nchiyani chodziwika bwino mu gastronomy ya Palenque?
Maluso ophikira a Palenque amapatsidwa mphamvu ndi zakudya zisanachitike ku Puerto Rico komanso zizindikilo zake, monga chimanga, tsabola ndi cocoa. Zina mwazophiphiritsira za cholowa chambiri chisanachitike Columbian gastronomic ndi shote con momo, kapangidwe kokhazikitsidwa ndi nkhono zamtsinje, mtanda wa nixtamal ndi masamba oyera audzu. Komanso bakha wa chilmol, momwe nyama imaphikidwa msuzi wa tomato, tsabola wa tsabola ndi zinthu zina; Chinsinsi chakale chimakhala ndi bakha wamtchire, koma chifukwa chakuchepa kwake adasamukira kumalo osungira nyama ndi nkhuku.
Zakudya zam'mimba, nsomba zotuluka thukuta ndi tamales wamba wa ku Chiapas ndi zakudya zina zomwe simungaleke kuzilawa ku Palenque. Mupeza ukatswiri wonsewu ndi zakudya zina zaku Mexico ndi zakunja kulikonse m'malesitilanti a Palenque. Chimodzi mwa zakumwa zomwe ndimakonda ndi tascalate, yokonzedwa ndi chokoleti, mtanda wa chimanga ndi achiote. Momwemonso, chopukusira chopukusira, khofi wamphika, chicha, balché ndi white pozol ndi zakumwa wamba. Mwa maswiti, omwe amapangidwa ndi uchi amasiyanitsidwa.
22. Kodi zikondwerero zazikulu ku Palenque ndi ziti?
Chilungamo polemekeza Santo Domingo de Guzmán, woyang'anira tawuniyi, chimachitika m'masiku 10 oyamba a Ogasiti. Pamwambowu, a Pueblo Mágico adadzazidwa ndi chisangalalo ndi utoto wa magule achikhalidwe komanso nyimbo za marimbas, chida choimbira chofanana ndi xylophone, chomwe mtundu wake wamakono wokhala ndi kiyibodi iwiri udapangidwa mu 1892 ndi woyimba komanso womanga. Mtima wa Chiapas wa Jesús Borras Moreno. Monga ku Mexico konse, mu Sabata Lopatulika la Palenque amakondwerera, pa Seputembara 16, phwando la Oyera Mtima Onse ndi Tsiku la Akufa, ndi tsiku la Namwali wa Guadalupe, pa Disembala 12.
23. Kodi ndingakhale kuti ku Palenque?
Hotel Quinta Chanabnal ndi malo okongola omwe ali 2 km kuchokera ku Archaeological Zone; Ndi malo a paradiso pakati pa nkhalango, yokongoletsedwa ndi kukoma kwabwino komanso ndi maiwe osangalatsa. Hotel Chablis Palenque ndi malo oyera ndiabwino kwambiri / kuchuluka kwa mtengo. Hotel Maya Tulipanes Palenque ndi malo ena okhala ndi malo abwino komanso osamala. Njira zina ndi Misión Palenque, Chan-Kah Resort Village ndi Hotel Villa Mercedes Palenque.
24. Kodi malo odyera ovomerezeka ndi ati?
Malo Odyera a Bajlum akugwirizana ndi zakudya zatsopano zisanachitike ku Puerto Rico; Amapereka mbale zabwino ngati nyama zoyera, nyama zakutchire, ndi peccary. Ndi nyumba yodziwika bwino momwe mungakhalire zosaiwalika chisanachitike Columbian gastronomic; pangani malo anu ndikukonzekera makhadi a kirediti kadi. Ngati nyama zosowa si suti yanu yamphamvu, ku Monte Verde Trattoria ndi Pizzeria mutha kulawa zakudya zapamwamba zaku Italiya, ngakhale okonda zachilendo sadzakhumudwitsanso. Malo Odyera a Maya Cañada, ma Saraguato ndi Jade Café ndi njira zina zomwe mungadye mokongola ku Palenque.
Tikukhulupirira kuti bukhuli lidzakuthandizani kwambiri paulendo wanu wopita ku Palenque, ndikukhumba kuti mukakhale kosangalala pakati pa mapiramidi, akachisi, mathithi ndi mbale. Tikuwonani pamsonkhano wotsatira.
