Zilumba za 90 zozunguliridwa ndi ngalande za Amsterdam yokongola, yodzaza ndi nyumba zachifumu zokongola komanso nyumba ndi nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale zomwe zimakhala ndi chuma chachikulu cha zaluso zaku Dutch, zikukuyembekezerani ulendo wosangalatsa kudutsa m'madzi ndi pamtunda.
1. ngalande Amsterdam
Amsterdam, Venice wa Kumpoto, ndi mzinda wabedwa panyanja ndipo wazunguliridwa ndi ngalande. Pamwamba pa ngalandezi pali milatho pafupifupi 1,500, yambiri mwa mipangidwe yake yokongola. Ngalande zakale kwambiri zidayamba m'zaka za zana la 17 ndipo zimazungulira malo apakati ngati malamba okhazikika. Ngalande yakunyanja kwambiri lero ndi Singel, yomwe idazungulira mzinda wakale. Nyumba zomwe zikuyang'anizana ndi ngalande za Herengracht ndi Keizersgracht ndizo zipilala zokongola zokha zomwe zimakumbukira anthu otchuka omwe amakhala mmenemo, monga Tsar Peter the Great, Purezidenti waku America a John Adams komanso wasayansi Daniel Fahrenheit.
2. Damu lalikulu
Bwaloli lozunguliridwa ndi nyumba zokongola, limayang'anira likulu lakale ku likulu la Dutch. Ili ndi malo pafupifupi 2,000 mita lalikulu ndipo misewu yophiphiritsa ya Amsterdam imadutsamo, monga Damrak, yomwe imalumikiza ndi Central Station; Rokin, Nieuwendijk, Kalverstraat ndi Damstraat. Kutsogolo kwa bwaloli kuli Royal Palace; Nieuwe Kerk, kachisi wazaka za zana la 15; Chikumbutso cha National; ndi Madame Tussaud's Wax Museum.
3. Nieuwe Kerk
Mpingo Watsopano uli mbali imodzi ya Royal Palace, ku Dam Square. Unamangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 15, ndipo mzaka 250 zotsatira udawonongedwa ndi moto angapo womwe udawononga Amsterdam, womwe panthawiyo unali mzinda wamanyumba. zamatabwa. Ndizochitika nthawi zina za zochitika zapamwamba. Kumeneko adakwatirana mu 2002 Prince Guillermo Alejandro, monarch wamakono, ndi Máxima Zorreguieta waku Argentina. Mu 2013, kachisiyo adali pamanda a King William waku Netherlands. Ziwerengero zazikulu zochokera m'mbiri ya Dutch zimayikidwa m'manda mu tchalitchi.
4. Nyumba Yachifumu ya Amsterdam
Nyumba yomangidwa mwachikaleyi ili mkatikati mwa mzindawu, ku Dam Square. Inayamba mchaka cha 17th, pomwe Holland idakumana ndi zaka zopambana chifukwa cha usodzi komanso malonda, makamaka nsomba zam'madzi, anangumi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera. Inatsegulidwa ngati holo yamzindawo ndipo pambuyo pake idakhala nyumba yachifumu. Mafumu a Kingdom of Netherlands pano amaigwiritsa ntchito pochita mwambowu ndi kulandira kwawo. Ndi lotseguka kwa anthu onse.
5. Amsterdam chapakati Station
Nyumba yokongola yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1899 ndiye siteshoni yayikulu yamzindawu. Linapangidwa ndi wojambula wokongola waku Dutch a Pierre Cuypers, yemwenso ndi mlembi wa National Museum komanso mipingo yoposa zana. Ili ndi mwayi wofikira kuchokera ku Amsterdam Metro komanso kuchokera kuma tram omwe amapita pakatikati pa mzindawu.
6. Jordaan
Dera lozunguliridwa ndi njira 4 lidayamba ngati malo okhala anthu ogwira ntchito ndipo lero ndi amodzi mwamagawo ku Amsterdam. Malo okhalamo osakanikirana amaphatikizidwa ndi malo ogulitsira okwera mtengo ndi malo odyera, nyumba zaluso ndi malo ena okwera. A Jordaan adalumikizidwa ndi zaluso komanso zikhalidwe za mzindawo. Rembrandt adakhala zaka 14 zomalizira za moyo wake kumeneko ndipo zifanizo zidakhazikitsidwa m'deralo polemekeza ojambula aku Dutch. Kumapeto kwa ngalande ya Herengracht kuli Nyumba ya West Indies, komwe New Amsterdam idayang'aniridwa, yotchedwa New York pomwe inali koloni yaku Dutch.
7. Chigawo cha Red Light
Omwenso amatchedwa Barrio de las Luces Rojas ndiwotchuka chifukwa chamasiku ake usiku komanso chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mwaufulu zinthu zonse zoletsedwa m'malo ena, kuyambira pa zosangalatsa zakugonana mpaka pamankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ili pakatikati pa mzinda, pakati pa Dam Square, Niewemarkt Square ndi Damrak Street. Usiku, kulibenso malo ku Amsterdam, koma musakhulupirire kuti amatseka tsikulo. Ngakhale alendo omwe sakufuna zosangalatsa amakhala ndi mwayi wodziwa dera lokongola.
8. Rijksmuseum
National Museum ku Amsterdam ikuwonetsa luso labwino kwambiri lachi Dutch kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 15, lokhala ndi ntchito za Sint Jans, Van Leyden, Vermeer, Goltzius, Frans Hals, Mondrian, Van Gogh, Rembrandt ndi akatswiri ena ambiri. Zojambula zosakhala zachi Dutch zimayimiridwa ndi Fra Angelico, Goya, Rubens ndi zowunikira zina zazikulu. Chidutswa chofunikira kwambiri m'malo owonetsera zakale ndi Ulonda wa usiku, chojambula chokongoletsedwa ndi Amsterdam Arcabuceros Corporation ndipo pano ndi chojambula chamtengo wapatali.
9. Rembrandtplein
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, mbuye wamkulu wa Baroque komanso wotsogola wodziwika bwino kwambiri zaluso zachi Dutch, amakhala mchaka cha 17th m'nyumba yomwe ili pafupi ndi malo omwe tsopano amadziwika ndi dzina lake. Bwaloli limayang'aniridwa ndi chosema chokongola cha munthu yemwe adaonekera polemba ndi kujambula ndipo poyambira anali malo ogulitsa, makamaka mkaka, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa Msika wa Butter. Chimodzi mwa zokopa zazikuluzikulu, pansi pa chifanizo cha Rembrandt, ndi gulu la bronze Ulonda wa usiku, msonkho wopangidwa ndi ojambula aku Russia ku chithunzi chotchuka kwambiri cha akatswiri achi Dutch.
10. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ya Rembrandt House
Nyumba yomwe Rembrandt amakhala ku Amsterdam pakati pa 1639 ndi 1658 tsopano ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Khwalala lomwe nyumbayi idatchedwa Sint-Anthonisbreestraat munthawi ya Rembrandt ndipo ndimomwe munkakhala amalonda komanso ojambula pazinthu zina. Amakhulupirira kuti asanalowe ndi a Rembrandt, nyumbayo idakonzedwanso ndi womanga nyumba wotchuka Jacob van Campen. Idasandulika kukhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale mu 1911 ndipo ikuwonetsa zojambula ndi zojambula zambiri.
11. Nyumba ya Van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh, wojambula wozunzidwa wachi Dutch wazaka za zana la 19, ndi chizindikiro china cha luso la Netherlands. Van Gogh adapanga zambiri ndipo adagulitsa ntchito zochepa m'moyo wake, ndipo atamwalira mchimwene wake Theo adalandira zojambula pafupifupi 900 ndi zojambula 1,100. Vincent Willem, mwana wamwamuna wa Theo, ndi amene adatolera zoperekazo, zomwe zinawonetsedwa m'zipinda zina mpaka pomwe Van Gogh Museum idatsegulidwa mu 1973. Ili mu nyumba yamakono ndipo ili ndi zojambula 200 ndi zojambula 400 za waluso wamkulu, kuphatikiza Odyera mbatata. Palinso ntchito za ambuye ena akulu, monga Manet, Monet, Toulouse-Lautrec, Pisarro, Seurat, Breton, ndi Courbet.
12. Museum Stedelijk
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi yomwe ili pafupi ndi National Museum ndi Van Gogh Museum idaperekedwa kuukadaulo wamakono. Chimodzi mwazopereka zake zazikulu chimafanana ndi Kazimir Malevich, wojambula waku Russia yemwe adayambitsa Suprematism, zomwe zidayamba mchaka cha 1915, chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa ndikujambulidwa. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ilinso ndi chipinda cha Karel Appel, wojambula ku Amsterdam yemwe adasamukira ku Paris mkatikati mwa zaka za zana la 20 atasokoneza tawuni yake ndi zojambulazo mu holo ya mzindawo, zomwe akuluakulu adakhala zaka 10.
13. Anne Frank House
Palibe mtsikana amene akuyimira mantha a Nazi ngati Anne Frank. Msungwana wachiyuda yemwe adalemba nyuzipepala yotchuka, adamangidwa mnyumba ku Amsterdam komwe adabisala ndi banja lake ndikumwalira mumsasa wachibalo ali ndi zaka 15. Tsopano nyumbayi ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yoperekedwa kukumbukira a Anne Frank, yemwenso ndi chizindikiro chotsutsana ndi mitundu yonse yazunzo. Alendo atha kuphunzira za komwe Ana amabisala asanamwalire.
14. Begijnhof
Dera lokongolali la Amsterdam lidakhazikitsidwa mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 1400 kuti likhale ndi a Beguines, mpingo wachikhristu wa akazi wamba omwe amatsogolera moyo woganizira komanso wokangalika, kuthandiza osauka. Nyumba yakale kwambiri mzindawu, yomangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 16, yasungidwa moyandikana nawo, imodzi mwanyumba ziwiri zokha za mokumira zomwe zimasunga zokongoletsa zakale komanso zokongola zamatabwa. Zokopa zina za malowa ndi Engelse Kerk, kachisi wazaka za zana la 15 komanso Begijnhof Chapel, womwe unali mpingo woyamba mobisa ku Amsterdam kutha kwa Kukonzanso.
15. Heineken ndi malo ake owonetsera zakale
Holland ndi dziko la mowa wabwino kwambiri ndipo Heineken ndi imodzi mwazizindikiro zake padziko lonse lapansi. Botolo loyamba la Heineken linadzazidwa ku Amsterdam mu 1873 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo mazana mazana mamiliyoni agolide ndi akuda atulutsidwa m'mawonetsedwe onse. Heineken Experience ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yopangidwa ndi mbiri ya chizindikirocho, kuwonetsa njira zopangira ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi popanga chakumwa chotchuka.
16. Munda wa Botanical wa Amsterdam
Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1638, pokhala amodzi mwa malo akale kwambiri amtunduwu ku Europe. Monga minda ina yazomera ku Europe, idabadwa ngati "mankhwala achilengedwe" amnyumba yachifumu, kuti azilima mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asayansi azamankhwala panthawiyo. Linapindulitsidwa ndikukula kwa Netherlands ku East Indies ndi ku Caribbean ndipo pakadali pano kuli mitengo pafupifupi 6,000. Woyambitsa wa genetics ndikupezanso Malamulo a Mendel, Hugo de Vries, adayendetsa munda wamaluwa pakati pa 1885 ndi 1918.
17. Malo achitetezo
Paki iyi ya pafupifupi theka miliyoni miliyoni ndi yomwe imakonda kupezeka ku Amsterdam, komwe kumakhala alendo pafupifupi 10 miliyoni pachaka. Ili ndi malo omwera angapo okhala ndi malo osangalatsa pomwe anthu amangocheza, pomwe malo opumira, kapinga ndi minda imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosangalatsa zakunja, kuyenda, kuthamanga, kupalasa njinga komanso kudya. Chikumbutso cha Dutch National ichi chimakhalanso ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimasangalatsa ana.
18. Luso
Artis Royal Zoo inatsegulidwa mu 1838 ngati malo osungira nyama oyamba achi Dutch ndipo lero ili ndi nyama pafupifupi 7,000. Ili ndi malo ambiri okhala ndi nyanja zamchere, pomwe ina imayimira ngalande zamzindawu. Ilinso ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale komanso malo osungira mapulaneti. Malo omwe ana amafunidwa kwambiri ndi Famu ya Ana, malo omwe amatha kucheza ndi ziweto monga nkhuku, abakha ndi mbuzi. Gawo limodzi likubwezeretsanso moyo ku savannah yaku Africa.
19. Concertgebouw weniweni
Amsterdam ndi mzinda wokhala ndi nyimbo zambiri chaka chonse ndipo Concertgebouw, kupatula kukongola kwake, amasangalala ndi mbiri yoti ndi amodzi mwamabwalo amakonsati akale omwe ali ndi zisudzo zabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1888 ndi konsati ya oyimba 120 ndi oyimba 500 oyimba, omwe adachita ntchito za Bach, Beethoven, Handel ndi Wagner. Pakali pano imapereka makonsati pafupifupi 800 pachaka m'maholo ake awiri.
20. Melkweg
Ndi malo azikhalidwe omwe amaphatikiza malo angapo operekedwa ku nyimbo, kuvina, zisudzo, sinema ndi kujambula. Nyumba yayikulu kwambiri ndi holo ya konsati, yokwanira anthu 1,500. Bwaloli lili ndi mipando 140 ndipo sinema ili ndi 90. Nyumbayi poyambirira inali fakitale yamkaka, pomwe idatchedwa Melkweg. Fakitoleyo idakonzedwanso mzaka za m'ma 1970 ndi NGO ndipo idasandulika malo achitetezo odziwika lero.
21. Muziekgebouw aan 't IJ
Ndi holo ina ya konsati yotchuka chifukwa cha mawu ake. Ndi kwawo kwa Chikondwerero cha Dutch, chochitika chakale kwambiri chamtunduwu ku Netherlands, atayamba ulendo wake mu 1947. Adayamba kuphatikiza nyimbo, zisudzo, opera ndi magule amakono, ndipo popita nthawi cinema, zaluso zowonera, ma multimedia ndi zina zidaphatikizidwa. kulanga. Ili kutsogolo kwa ngalande imodzi ya Amsterdam.
22. Mzinda wa Amsterdam
Amsterdam ndiye mzinda wodziwika bwino kwambiri wampira wachi Dutch ndipo Amsterdam Arena ili ndi Ajax, kalabu ya mpira yamzindawu, timu yachiwiri yaku Europe kupambana 3 Champions League motsatizana, atachita izi pakati pa 1971 ndi 1973, akugwirana manja wolemba Johan Cruyff komanso wotchedwa "Total Soccer" Bwaloli limatha kukhala ndi owonera pafupifupi 53,000 ndipo ndi malo ochitira masewera ena azamasewera komanso malo owonetsera nyimbo zambiri.
23. Tsiku la Mfumu
Holland ndi dziko lokhala ndi miyambo yayikulu yachifumu ndipo Tsiku la King limakondweretsedwa mwachidwi, pokhala tchuthi chaufumu ku Netherlands. Amasintha dzina lake kutengera kugonana kwa amfumu ndipo nthawi yolamulira akazi ndi Tsiku la Mfumukazi. Mwambo wachikondwererochi wakhala ukusintha, ukusintha kuyambira tsiku lobadwa kufikira tsiku lokwezedwa ufumu komanso tsiku loti maufumu osiyanasiyana alandidwe. Pa tchuthi chapagulu, anthu amavala chidutswa cha lalanje, mtundu wadziko lonse, ndipo ndichikhalidwe kugulitsa chilichonse chomwe chatsala kunyumba m'misika yamisewu, nthawi yokhayo mchaka yomwe chilolezo chalamulo sichiyenera kutero. Tsiku la King limakopa alendo mazana ambiri amabwera ku Amsterdam.
24. Chikondwerero Chachisangalalo
Amsterdam Arena yovekedwa ndi mitundu ya Sensation, umodzi mwamapwando otchuka ku Europe. Sitediyamu ili ndi zokongoletsa ndi mitundu yoyera, ojambula ndi omwe amapezekapo amavala zovala zoyera komanso nyimbo zamagetsi zimamveka motentha kuposa opitilira 50,000 opikisana nawo. Chochitikacho, chotchedwanso Sensation White, lomwe linali dzina lake loyambirira, chimachitika mchilimwe, Loweruka loyamba la Julayi. Kupatula nyimbo, palinso ziwonetsero za ma acrobatic komanso zozimitsa moto ndi magetsi.
25. Tiyeni tikwere njinga!
Ku Kingdom of Netherlands ngakhale mamembala a Royal House amayenda pa njinga. Holland ndi dziko la njinga ndipo Amsterdam ndiye likulu lapadziko lonse lapansi zonyamula zachilengedwe. M'makonzedwe ndi kayendedwe kamisewu, timaganizira za njinga kaye kenako za magalimoto. Pafupifupi njira zonse zazikulu ndi misewu ili ndi njira zokhotakhota. Chinthu chomwe chimatengedwa kwambiri m'mitsinje ya mzindawo ndi njinga zakuba zomwe zimaponyedwa m'madzi, pafupifupi 25,000 pachaka. Mukapita ku Amsterdam, simungaleke kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendera zadziko.
Timaliza ulendo wathu wazilumba, milatho ndi ngalande za Amsterdam, ndi zokongola zake zonse, ndikuyembekeza kuti mumakonda. Tionana posachedwa paulendo wina wosangalatsa.
