Zilumba za Galapagos ndi gawo loti mudzidzimutse kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Osasiya kuchita zinthu izi 15 kuzilumba zodabwitsa za ku Ecuador.
1. Kulowerera pansi pamadzi ndikusefera pachilumba cha Santa Cruz
Chilumba ichi chomwe chimatchulidwa polemekeza mtanda wachikhristu ndiye malo ampikisano waukulu kwambiri ku Galapagos ndikukhala ku Darwin Station, likulu lofufuzira pazilumbazi. Imakhalanso ndi zodalira zapakati pa National Park ya Galapagos Islands.
Chilumba cha Santa Cruz chili ndi akamba owopsa ambiri, ma flamingo ndi ma iguana, ndipo chimapereka malo osangalatsa owonera mafunde ndikuthamanga.
Mumtengowu pafupi ndi gombe lowoneka bwino la Tortuga Bay mutha kusambira ndikuwona akamba, ma iguana am'madzi, nkhanu zamitundu yambiri komanso nsombazi.
2. Kumanani ndi Charles Darwin Research Station
Wailesiyo inali patsogolo padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha odyssey yofunikira ya Solitaire George, mtundu womaliza wa Kamba Wamkulu wa Pinta, yemwe mwamakani adakana kukwatirana ndi zamoyo zina kwa zaka 40, mpaka pomwe adamwalira mu 2012, nkuzimiririka.
Wachichepere wachichepere wazachilengedwe wotchedwa Charles Darwin adakhala zaka zopitilira zitatu pamtunda ku zilumba za Galapagos, paulendo wachiwiri wa HMS Beagle, ndipo zomwe adawona zitha kukhala zofunikira pazosintha zake Theory of Evolution.
Pakadali pano, Darwin Station, pachilumba cha Santa Cruz, ndiye malo opangira kafukufuku wazachilengedwe wazilumba za Galapagos.
3. Kumbukirani apainiya pachilumba cha Floreana
Mu 1832, mkati mwa boma loyamba la Juan José Flores, Ecuador idalanda zilumba za Galapagos ndipo chilumba chachisanu ndi chimodzi kukula kwake chidatchulidwa polemekeza purezidenti, ngakhale amatchedwanso Santa María, pokumbukira gulu lapaulendo la Columbus.
Chinali chilumba choyamba kukhala, ndi wolimba mtima waku Germany, emulus wa Robinson crusoe. Popita nthawi, msonkhano wawung'ono unakhazikitsidwa patsogolo pa Post Office Bay, yotchedwa chifukwa apainiyali adalandira ndikutumiza makalatawo pogwiritsa ntchito mbiya yomwe imakokedwa mosinthana kuchokera kumtunda komanso zombo.
Ili ndi anthu okongola a pinki ma flamingo ndi akamba am'madzi. Ku Corona del Diablo, phiri la phiri lomwe lamira, kuli miyala yamchere yamchere yokhala ndi mitundu yambiri yazachilengedwe.
4. Onani ma iguana pachilumba cha Baltra
Msilikali wa Britain, Lord Hugh Seymour, yemwe adamwalira mu 1801, adatchula chisumbu china cha 27 ma kilomita lalikulu Baltra, koma chiyambi cha dzinalo chidatengeredwa kumanda ake. Baltra amatchedwanso South Seymour.
Ku Baltra ndiye eyapoti yayikulu ya Galapagos, yomangidwa ndi US panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse kuti zombo zaku Germany zisapite kutali kukaukira gombe lakumadzulo kwa dzikolo.
Tsopano bwalo la ndege likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alendo, omwe amatha kuwona ma iguana akumtunda ku Baltra.
Baltra imasiyanitsidwa ndi mita 150 kuchokera pachilumba cha Santa Cruz, pafupi ndi ngalande yamadzi oyera pomwe mabwato okopa alendo amayenda pakati pa mikango yam'nyanja.
5. Muzisirira cormorant yopanda ndege ku Fernandina
Chilumba chomwe chimakondwerera mfumu yaku Spain Fernando el Catolico ndiye chachitatu kukula kwake ndipo ndi phiri lophulika. Mu 2009, phirili lotalika mita 1,494 linaphulika, kutulutsa phulusa, nthunzi ndi chiphalaphala, chomwe chidatsikira kutsetsereka kwake ndikulowera kunyanja.
Pachilumbachi pali malo ena omwe amafika kunyanja yotchedwa Punta Espinoza, komwe ma iguana am'madzi amasonkhana m'magulu akulu.
Fernandina ndiye malo okhala gormorant osowa ndege kapena cormorant a Galapagos, nyama yosazolowereka yomwe imangokhalapo pazilumbazi ndipo ndi imodzi yokha yamtunduwu yomwe idatha kuthawa.
6. Imani pa equator weniweni wa Dziko pachilumba cha Isabela
Isabel la Católica ilinso ndi chilumba chake, chachikulu kwambiri pachilumbachi, chomwe chili ndi 4,588 lalikulu km, kuyimira 60% ya gawo lonse la Galapagos.
Amapangidwa ndi mapiri 6 ophulika, asanu mwa iwo amaphulika, omwe amawoneka ngati amodzi. Phiri lophulika kwambiri pazilumbazi, Wolf, ndi 1,707 mita pamwamba pamadzi.
Isabela ndiye chilumba chokha pachilumbachi chomwe chimadutsa ndi mzere wongoyerekeza wa equator kapena ofanana "zero degrees" of latitude.
Mwa anthu opitilira zikwi ziwiri amakhala cormorants, ma frig omwe ali ndi chifuwa chofiyira, ma boobies, ma canaries, akalulu a Galapagos, nkhunda za Galapagos, mbalame, ma flamingo, akamba ndi ma iguana.
Isabela anali chigawenga choopsa ndipo nthawi imeneyo amakumbukiridwa ndi Khoma la Misozi, khoma lomwe omangidwa ndi omangidwawo.
7. Onani nkhono yokha yomwe imasaka usiku pachilumba cha Genovesa
Mayina a Zilumba za Galapagos akukhudzana ndi anthu otchuka m'mbiri ya maulendo akunja ndipo chilumbachi chimalemekeza mzinda waku Italiya komwe Columbus amayenera kuti adabadwira.
Ili ndi mphako yomwe pakati pake pali Nyanja ya Arturo, yokhala ndi madzi amchere. Ndicho chilumba chomwe chili ndi mbalame zambiri, zomwe zimatchedwanso "Chilumba cha Mbalame".
Kuchokera m'dera lamapiri lotchedwa El Barranco, mutha kuwona ma boobies ofiira ofiira, ma boobies ophimba nkhope, ma lava gulls, swallows, Darwin's finches, petrels, pigeons and the amazing earwig gull, wapadera ndi zizolowezi zosaka usiku.
8. Dzidabwitseni ndi chidutswa cha Mars Padziko Lapansi pachilumba cha Rabida
Monastery of La Rábida, ku Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, ndi komwe Columbus adakhala kuti akonzekere ulendo wake woyamba wopita ku New World, chifukwa chake dzina la chilumbachi.
Ndi phiri lomwe limaphulika, losakwana 5 km km, ndipo chitsulo chambiri chiphalaphalachi chimapatsa chisumbucho mtundu wofiira kwambiri, ngati kuti chidutswa cha Mars Padziko Lapansi.
Ngakhale kuzilumba zakutali za Galapagos, zomwe zili pafupifupi makilomita chikwi kuchokera ku kontinentiyo yaku America, pali mitundu yolanda yomwe imasokoneza mitundu yonse yotsalira.
Pachilumba cha Rabida, mtundu wina wa mbuzi udayenera kuthetsedwa, womwe umayambitsa kuthetsa makoswe a mpunga, iguana ndi nalimata.
9. Sangalalani ndi Arch pa chilumba cha Darwin
Chilumba chaching'ono ichi chopitilira kilomita imodzi ndi kumapeto kwa phiri lomwe lamira komanso latha, lomwe limakwera mita 165 pamwamba pamadzi.
Pansi pa km kuchokera pagombe lakutali kuli malo amiyala otchedwa Darwin Arch, okumbutsa Arch of Los Cabos ku Baja California Sur.
Ndi malo omwe anthu ambiri amasiyanasiyana, chifukwa amakhala ndi nyama zambiri zam'madzi, okhala ndi nsomba zowirira, akamba am'madzi, ma dolphin ndi ma manta. Madzi ake amakopanso whale shark komanso nsonga yakuda.
Chilumba cha Darwin ndichonso malo okhala zisindikizo, ma frig, ma boobies, zopinga, ma iguana am'madzi, nkhono zam'makutu ndi mikango yam'nyanja.
10. Tengani chithunzi cha The Pinnacle pachilumba cha Bartolomé
Chilumbachi chimatchedwa Sir James Sulivan Bartholomew, msitikali waku Britain wa Navy, mnzake wapamtima komanso mnzake wa Darwin paulendo wake wasayansi ku Galapagos.
Ngakhale ili kokha 1,2 kilomita lalikulu, ndi kwawo kwa chimodzi mwazoyimira zachilengedwe zaku zilumba za Galapagos, El Pinnacle Rock, kamakona atatu omwe ndiomwe atsalira pachipale chaphalaphala chakale.
Pachilumba cha Bartolomé pali gulu lalikulu la ma penguin aku Galapagos ndipo ena osiyanasiyana komanso osambira pansi pamadzi amasambira nawo. Chokopa china pachilumbachi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dothi lake, ndimayendedwe ofiira, a lalanje, akuda ndi obiriwira.
11. Onani zachilengedwe ku North Seymour Island
Chilumba cha 1.9 square km ichi chidayamba chifukwa chokwera kwa chiphalaphala chaphiri lamadzi. Ili ndi bwalo la ndege lomwe limadutsa pafupifupi kutalika kwake konse.
Mitundu yayikulu yazinyama zake ndi booby ya mapazi amtundu wa buluu, nkhono zam'makutu, ma iguana apamtunda, mikango yam'nyanja ndi ma frig.
Ma iguana apamtunda anachokera kuzitsanzo zomwe zidabweretsedwa m'ma 1930 kuchokera ku chilumba cha Baltra ndi Captain G. Allan Hancock.
12. Sambani ku Isla Santiago
Inabatizidwa polemekeza mtumwi wa Spain ndipo amatchedwanso San Salvador, potengera dzina lomwe Columbus adafikira ku America.
Ndi wachinayi kukula pakati pazilumba zazilombazi ndipo mawonekedwe ake amalamulidwa ndi dome laphalaphala lomwe lili ndi ma cones ang'onoang'ono mozungulira.
Imodzi mwa malo osangalatsa kwambiri ndi Sullivan Bay, yokhala ndi miyala yochititsa chidwi yopanga chidwi ndi malo osambira komanso malo osambira.
13. Imani pomwe Darwin anafika pachilumba cha San Cristóbal
San Cristóbal ili ndi chilumba chake ku Galapagos pokhala oyang'anira apaulendo komanso oyendetsa sitima. Ndi wachisanu kukula, ndi 558 lalikulu km ndipo mkati mwake muli Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, mzinda wokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 6 zikwi zomwe ndi likulu la zilumbazi.
M'chigwacho mumakhala Laguna del Junco, malo abwino kwambiri amadzi abwino ku Galapagos. Pachilumbachi pali malo oyamba omwe Darwin adapitilira paulendo wake wotchuka ndipo chipilala chimakumbukira izi.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yambiri yazachilengedwe, chilumbachi chili ndi minda ya zipatso ndi khofi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi malo a nkhanu.
14. Dziwani bwino terroir ya Solitaire George ku Isla Pinta
Ndi chilumba ichi chotchedwa karavel chomwe chidapezeka mu 1971 pa Solitaire George, pomwe anthu anali ataganiza kale kuti zamoyo zawo zatha.
Ndi chilumba chakumpoto kwambiri cha Galapagos ndipo chili ndi dera lalikulu masikweya 60 km. Munali akamba ambiri, omwe anakhudzidwa ndi kuphulika kwa mapiri.
Pakadali pano akukhala ku Isla Pinta ndi ma iguana am'nyanja, zisindikizo zaubweya, mbalame zam'makutu, nkhwangwa ndi mbalame zina ndi nyama.
15. Dziwani chinsinsi chachikulu kwambiri pazisumbu ku Isla Marchena
Amadziwika polemekeza a Antonio de Marchena, wokondedwa wa La Rabida komanso wachinsinsi komanso wothandizira Columbus. Ndi chisumbu chachisanu ndi chiwiri chachikulu komanso paradaiso wa anthu osiyanasiyana.
Wina sangayembekezere kukumana ndi "nthano zamatawuni" ku Galapagos, koma chilumba ichi chinali malo achinsinsi chachikulu m'mbiri yazilumbazi.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920, Eloise Wehrborn, mayi waku Austria adatchedwa Empress of the Galapagos, amakhala pachilumba cha Floreana.
Eloise anali ndi okonda angapo, kuphatikiza waku Germany wotchedwa Rudolf Lorenz. Eloise ndi wokondedwa wina akumuganizira kuti Lorenz adaphedwa, kuthawa mosadziwika konse. Thupi la Lorenz lidapezeka modabwitsa modabwitsa pa Isla Marchena. Kuzizira ndi phulusa laphalaphala zimayanjanitsa mitembo.
