Kumapeto kwa zaka 90 za 90 za mitundu iyi yamtunduwu zidalembetsedwa. Lero, chifukwa cha pulogalamu ya "Save the Pronghorn", pali oposa 500 ndipo titha kunena kuti kuchuluka kwawo kukukulira.
Pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Baja California peninsula, makamaka m'chigawo chomwe tikudziwa tsopano kuti El Vizcaino Desert, pronghorn yakhalapo kwazaka zambiri. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi zojambula m'mapanga zomwe titha kuzisilira m'mapanga ena ndi maumboni a iwo omwe abwera kuno. Komabe apaulendo ochokera kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19 amalankhula za ziweto zambiri zomwe zimawonedwa pafupipafupi. Koma posachedwa zinthu zasintha ndikuwononga pronghorn ya peninsular. Kusakasaka kudathetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu pamlingo wofulumira. Kulakalaka kwakukulu kunali koonekeratu kuti mu 1924 boma la Mexico linaletsa kusaka kwawo, choletsa chomwe mwatsoka sichinathandize kwenikweni. Chiwerengero cha anthu chidapitilirabe kuchepa, ndipo zowerengera zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu zidawonetsa milingo yowopsa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ma subspecies aphatikizidwe pamndandanda wazinyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha (miyezo yapadziko lonse ndi Mexico).
Kutseka malo awo okhala
Zowopseza kwambiri kupulumuka kwa pronghorn ya peninsular ndi anthropogenic, kutanthauza kuti chiyambi chawo chimapezeka poyanjana ndi anthu. Choyamba ndikusaka pamiyeso yomwe imaposa mphamvu zakutchire kuti zibwezeretsere. Kusintha kwakukhalanso kwawo ndikofunika kwambiri, popeza kumanga mipanda, misewu ndi zopinga zina m'chipululu zasiya njira zosamukira ndikutulutsa pronghorn, ndikuiika kutali ndi malo awo odyetserako anthu komanso malo othawirako.
Chifukwa chake, kalembera omwe adachitika mu 1995 akuti anthu onse m'masamba ochepera 200, makamaka m'madambo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe amapanga Core Zone ya El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve. Kuwopseza sikungatsutsike.
Chiyembekezo kwa iwo ...
Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, mu 1997 Ford Motor Company ndi omwe amagawa, Espacios Naturales y Desarrollo Sustentable AC, ndi Federal Government, kudzera ku El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve, adalumikizana kuti apulumutse pronghorn ya peninsular kuti iwonongeke poyambitsa Pulogalamu ya "Sungani Pronghorn". Dongosololi lidatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo limaphatikizapo magawo awiri. Woyamba (1997-2005) anali ndi cholinga chachikulu chobwezeretsa kuchepa kwa anthu, ndiye kuti, kufunafuna kuti alipo ambiri. Gawo lachiwiri (kuyambira 2006 kupita mtsogolo) lili ndi zolinga ziwiri: mbali imodzi yophatikiza kuchuluka komwe kukukula kwa anthu komanso mbali inayo, kupanga zinthu zoti zibwererenso, kudzakhala bwino ndikukhala m'malo ake achilengedwe. Mwanjira imeneyi, osati zokhazokha zokhazokha, koma chilengedwe cha m'chipululu, chomwe chasauka chifukwa chakusakhalapo, chipulumutsidwa.
Mizere yothandizira
1 Kwambiri. Zimapangidwa ndikupanga malo opanda ziwopsezo, ziweto zopanda nyama zakutchire, pomwe pronghorn imapeza mkhalidwe wabwino pakukula kwawo, mwa kuyankhula kwina, kukhazikitsa "fakitale" kuti ikwaniritse kuchuluka kwa anthu.
2 Zowonjezera. Imayesetsa kukulitsa chidziwitso chathu m'minda ya subspecies ndi malo ake, kudzera pamaulendo opitilira kupita kudera la pronghorn ndikuyang'anira ndikuwunika ziweto zamtchire.
3 Kuwunikanso. Izi zithandizira anthu am'deralo ndi cholinga chofuna kusintha kusintha malingaliro ndikuwunikanso pronghorn komanso kupezeka kwake ku El Vizcaíno. Ndizokhudza kuwaphatikizira pantchito yosamalira.
Kugonjetsanso kwa chipululu
Pulogalamu ya "Save the Pronghorn" yakwaniritsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mzaka zambiri, anthu amakula chaka chilichonse. Pofika masika 2007 panali kale mabuku oposa 500. Chofunika kwambiri, "fakitale," yotchedwa Berrendo Station, imapanga kale zoposa 100 pachaka.
Mu Marichi 2006, kwa nthawi yoyamba, gulu lomwe lidasamutsidwa ndikumangidwa ku Pronghorn Station, yokhala ndi akazi 25 ndi amuna awiri, adatulutsidwa kuthengo. Adamasulidwa ku La Choya Peninsula, dera la mahekitala 25,000 ku El Vizcaíno, komwe pronghorn amakhala kwa zaka zambiri komanso komwe adasowa zaka zoposa 25 zapitazo. Siteshoni yakumunda ya La Choya inamangidwanso kuti iwonetsetse momwe ziweto zimatulukira.
Pambuyo pa chaka chowunikira mosalekeza, adaphunzira kuti machitidwe awo ndi ofanana ndi pronghorn wamtchire.
Cholinga chachikulu cha pulogalamuyi ndikupitilizabe kukhazikitsa zikhalidwe kuti anthu athanzi komanso osatha azikhala ndi zenizeni za chilengedwe, kulumikizana bwino ndi anthu omwe amawayamikira, osati chifukwa chongokhala mtundu wake, komanso chuma chake. komanso malo omwe kukhalapo kwake kumabweretsa kumalo okhala m'chipululu cha El Vizcaíno. Izi ndizovuta kwa anthu onse aku Mexico.
Zambiri za pronghorn ya peninsular
• Amakhala m'zigwa za m'chipululu zomwe zili m'malire a nyanja ndipo sizipitilira mamita 250 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Ma subspecies ena amakhala pamtunda wopitilira 1,000 mita pamwamba pamadzi.
• Za m'zipululu za Sonoran komanso m'chipululu chotentha zimatha kukhala nthawi yayitali osamwa madzi, chifukwa amazitulutsa ndi mame a mbewuzo. Ndiwosangalala, amadya tchire, zitsamba, zitsamba ndi maluwa, ndipo ngakhale zomera zomwe ndizowopsa kwa mitundu ina.
• Ndi nyama yofulumira kwambiri ku America, yomwe imafikira ndikulimbikitsa mpikisano ku 95 km / h. Komabe, chilumba sichidumpha. Cholepheretsa mita 1.5 chitha kukhala chopinga chosagonjetseka.
• Maso ake akulu, okongola ndi odabwitsadi. Ndi ofanana ndi ma binoculars 8x, ndipo ali ndi masomphenya a madigiri 280, omwe amawalola kuzindikira mayendedwe mpaka makilomita 6 kutali.
• ziboda zawo zimaphwanya mchere womwe umaphimba zigwa za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo zotuluka zawo zimakhala ngati feteleza. Chifukwa chake, "nkhalango" zazing'ono kapena "ziphuphu" zimapangidwa panjira ya pronghorn yomwe imathandizira kulowetsa chakudya m'chipululu, malo ovuta kwambiri kukhalabe ndi moyo. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa ziweto za pronghorn ndikofunikira kuti mbeu zizikhala bwino m'chipululu.
• Ndi mtundu wokhawo m'mabanja antilocapridae, ndipo umakhala ku North America kokha. Dzina la sayansi la mitunduyo ndi Antilocapra americana. Pali ma subspecies asanu ndipo atatu mwa iwo amakhala ku Mexico: Antilocapra americana mexicana, ku Coahuila ndi Chihuahua; Antilocapra americana sonorensis, ku Sonora; ndi Antilocapra americana peninsularis, omwe amapezeka kokha ku Baja California peninsula (komweko). Mitundu itatu yonse ili pangozi yakutha ndipo yatchulidwa ngati mitundu yotetezedwa.
