Las Haciendas ndi dera lomwe lazunguliridwa ndi Pacific komanso malo akulu amiyala omwe ali m'mbali mwa madambo.
Las Haciendas ndi dera lomwe lazunguliridwa ndi Pacific komanso malo akulu amiyala omwe ali m'mbali mwa madambo.
Kumpoto kwa gombe la Nayarit kuli malo ena opitilira 100 km omwe amakhala ndi magombe abwino ndi madera achilendo, monga Rancho Nuevo, San Andrés, Santa Cruz, Puerta Palapares, Palmar de Cuautla, El Novillero ndi San Cayetano, pakati pa ena. Chiyambireni zaka zana zapitazi, msika wofunika kwambiri wa ng'ombe udakhazikitsidwa komwe udachita bwino kwambiri kwazaka zambiri, pomwe minda itatu idamangidwa; Mwa awa, okhawo a San Cayetano sanagonjere kupita kwa nthawi, monga zidachitikira ndi za Santa Cruz ndi Palmar de Cuautla, zomwe zasowa; komabe, am'deralo amatchulabe malowa "Las Haciendas".
Dera ili limalumikizidwa ndi mayiko ena onse ndi msewu waukulu wochokera ku Tuxpan kupita ku Santa Cruz ndi wina wochokera ku Tecuala kupita ku Playas Novillero, kuyambira pa 1972, kuyambira pomwe udalibe.
A Haciendas nthawi zonse amakhala ndiubwenzi wapamtima ndi chilumba cha Mexcaltitán, makamaka chamalonda, cholumikizana chomwe chidayamba kale ku Spain, pomwe Aaztec amakhala m'derali. Lero pali zotsalira (mafano, zoumbaumba, mivi) zomwe titha kuzipeza pakati pa zipolopolo kapena zipolopolo, zomwe ndi milu yayikulu yomwe imapangidwa ndi zipolopolo mamiliyoni ambiri amtundu womwe amadya; zipolopolozo zinali zikunjunjikana pamalo amodzi kuti apange masango akuluakulu omwe amatha kuwonekera kuchokera kumtunda wamakilomita angapo. Masiku ano misewu yakomweko imadzazidwanso ndi zipolopolozi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyera komanso owala, owoneka ngakhale usiku.
Dera lonseli linali lakale, Aspania asanafike, ku mgwirizano wa Chimalhuacán, womwe umapangidwa ndi maufumu anayi: Colima ndi Tonatlán kumwera, ndi Xalisco ndi Aztlán kum'mawa, komwe kuli mzinda wa Nayarit.
M'malembo a Nonoalca, Aaziteki amatchedwa Aztatlecas; dzina loyamba linali lowona, koma lachiwiri linagwiritsidwa ntchito pa euphony; motero, Aztatlán, "malo omwe anyani ambiri amakhala", adakhala Aztlán, dziko loyambirira la Aaztec.
Ufumu wa Aztlán unali ndi gawo lokulirapo lomwe linachokera mumtsinje wa Santiago kupita kumtsinje wa Umaya. Matauni ofunikira kwambiri nthawi imeneyo ndi omwe amasungabe mayina awo ndi awa: Ytzcuintla, Centizpac, Mexcaltitán, Huaynamota, Acatlán, Acaponeta, Tecuala ndi Acayapan. Likulu la ufumuwo linali Aztlán, lero San Felipe Aztatán, tawuni ya Tecuala.
Ku Aztlán Huitzilopochtli anali kupembedzedwa, mulungu yemwe pambuyo pa zaka mazana ambiri adzalamulira ufumu wonse wa Aztec. Mu 1530, a King Corinca adalamulira ufumu wa Aztlán, yemwe pamodzi ndi nyumba zake zokhala ndi zilumikizi pomwe akambuku, anyani ndi nyama zina adasungidwa, komanso zokongoletsera zokongola zomwe zidakondweretsa alendo ake komanso alendo.
Pomaliza, Aztlán anazingidwa ndi gulu lalikulu lankhondo lopangidwa ndi Tlaxcalans ndi Amwenye aku Tarascan ndi Aspanya 500 motsogozedwa ndi Beltrán Nuño de Guzmán.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, a Las Haciendas anali a m'modzi mwa anthu wamba wa ku Tuxpan, a Don Constancio González. San Cayetano hacienda, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pafupifupi mu 1820, idapeza mbiri yotchuka chifukwa cha ng'ombe zake komanso chifukwa chochulukirapo popanga thonje, komanso chifukwa cha jerky yake yabwino, yomwe idagulitsidwa ku Tepic, Guadalajara, Tuxpan ndi Santiago. Kupanga kwa ma salinas kudalinso kofunikira, komwe ogwira ntchito m'minda ambiri amagwira.
Ma rancherías omwe masiku ano amakula m'mbali mwa nyanja iyi adachokera koyambirira kwa zaka zana lino; kenako, kumapeto kwa ma 1930, boma lidalanda mabwana ndipo ma ejidos adayamba kupanga.
Nyumba zanthawiyo, zomwe zimawonekabe masiku ano, zinali ndi zipinda zitatu: chipinda chotseguka (pomwe alendo amalandilidwa), khitchini (kampanda) ndi chipinda chogona, chopangidwa ndi timitengo ta mangrove ndikutidwa ndi adobe; madenga ake anali a kanjedza.
Masiku ano mabwalo ndi malo ozungulira nyumbazi ali ndi maluwa komanso zomera zosiyanasiyana. Ponena za ntchito zawo, anthu akumaloko amakhala ndi moyo wosodza womwe umapezeka m'madambo (shrimp, mojarra, curbina, snapper, snook, oyster). Nkhanu zidasodzedwa ndi matepi akale, makamaka kuyambira Julayi, ndi mvula. Momwemonso, asodzi amapita kumizere isanu ndi itatu kuti atole oyisitara mosangalala, ndiye kuti, yomwe ili pansi pa nyanja.
Ulimi ndiofunikanso; Mwachitsanzo, mitundu iwiri ya mavwende amabzalidwa, "calsui" ndi "wakuda", m'masiku 90, m'nyengo yozizira komanso yamasika, ngati kamphepo kayaziyazi kali ndi mchere wambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa chivwende, kupanga tsabola wobiriwira, manyuchi, kokonati, nthochi, papaya, phwetekere, ndimu, nzimbe, koko, chiponde, soursop, fodya ndi mango ndizambiri.
Kukula kwa maderawo kunali kokhudzana kwambiri ndi kuti asodzi am'deralo adalandiranso nyanjayi kuchokera kumalo asodzi, komwe kuli nsomba zambiri, zomwe mwamwambo zinali m'manja mwa asodzi a Mexcaltitán.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazi, akapolo ambiri aku Africa adafika kuderali m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumpoto kwa Nayarit, ngati gawo lamalonda ogulitsa akapolo omwe amachitika kudzera zombo zaku China, zochokera ku Philippines. M'derali akuti ambiri mwa akudawa adafika kuno bwato limodzi litamira ndipo opulumukawo adabwera ndikusambira magombe a San Cayetano, Puerta Palapares ndi El Novillero. Masiku ano, munthu akamayenda m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi, chidwi cha anthu aku Afro-Brazil chimamveka bwino.
Monga chochititsa chidwi, pali ena omwe amatsimikizira kuti nayi ovina yabwino mdziko muno; ku Rancho Nuevo tidatha kuwona gulu lawo likuvina usiku wonse, mpaka nyimbo yomwe matimu am'deralo amasewera theka lowala, mzipinda zanyumba zazing'ono koma zokongola
NGATI MUPITA KU MAHACENDA
Kuti mufike kudera lino la Las Haciendas muyenera kutenga msewu waukulu wa feduro ayi. 15 yomwe imachokera ku Tepic kupita ku Acaponeta, komwe mumatsata mseu waukulu wa boma ayi. 3 kupita ku Tecuala ndikupitiliza ku El Novillero. Mukakhala kuno, kumpoto mumakafika ku San Cayetano, ndi kumwera ku Palmar de Cuautla, Puerta Palapares, Santa Cruz, San Andrés, Rancho Nuevo ndi Pesquería.
Gwero: Mexico Yosadziwika No. 275 / Januware 2000
