Dera lalikulu kwambiri lotetezedwa ku madera otentha a ku Mexico ndi Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, yomwe ili ndi malo a 723,185 ha kumwera chakum'mawa kwa boma la Campeche.
Dera limakhala ndi nyengo youma pang'ono, mvula imagwa nthawi yotentha, ndipo kumene kutentha kocheperako kumakhala 22 ° C komanso 30 ° C. Malo osungirako ali ndi zigawo ziwiri zoyandikana ndi malo ozungulira; Awa ndi malo omwe 12% yamitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse, yapakatikati komanso yotsika kwambiri mdzikolo ndiyotetezedwa, komanso ma savanna, mitsinje yamadzi ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira. Dera lino, lomwe lidalamulidwa pa Meyi 23, 1989, lili m'matauni atsopano omwe ali ndi dzina lomweli, ndipo kumwera kumalire ndi Guatemala, m'dera lotchedwa "Petén plain", komwe kuli Maya Biosphere Reserve.
Nkhalango yayitali, yopangidwa ndi mitengo ikuluikulu monga ceiba, sapodilla, pich, mahogany ndi amate, m'malo akulu amasakanikirana ndi zomera zomwe zimapezeka m'nkhalango yobiriwira nthawi zonse. zoyimilidwa ndi chacáh, dzalam, guara, palo de tinte, jícara, chit ndi nakax kanjedza, komanso ma liana ambiri ndi masamba obiriwira. Kumbali inayi, mawonekedwe athyathyathya alola kuti pakhale mitsinje yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi masamba am'madzi, monga ma tulares ndi mabedi amiyala; Palinso zigawo zazing'ono zadothi zotchedwa "akalché", zomwe ndizakuya komanso kusefukira kwamadzi, zomwe zimapanga madzi abwino kwambiri kuthengo.
Chifukwa chazisamaliro zabwino zakutchire komanso kusowa kwa zochita za anthu, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukhulupirira nyama zomwe m'malo ena zikuwopsezedwa; Amakhala mumitundu yonse yam'madera otentha aku America omwe amafunikira madera akuluakulu osaka, monga jaguar, ocelot, tigrillo, yaguarundi ndi mphaka wamtchire; mitengo yayitali imakondanso kupezeka kwa magulu ankhondo anyani akulira ndi akalulu; pansi pa zomera nyama zamoyo zochepa, monga tapir, anteater, gwape wamasaya oyera, nguluwe yakutchire yoyera, nkhuku yotentha ndi nkhwali; pomwe denga lamasamba limakhala ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ndi ma parakeet, ma coas, chachalacas ndi ma calandrias, omwe amakhala mazana angapo. Zinyama izi, zomwe zimafanana ndi dera la neotropical, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu yosawerengeka, yopezeka kwina ndipo ina ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha.
Calakmul, yomwe mchilankhulo cha Mayan chimatanthauza "milu iwiri yoyandikana", ndi tsamba lomwe limakhalamo kwambiri pakati pa Middle Preclassic ndi Late Classic nthawi (pakati pa 500 BC mpaka 1000 AD). Mzindawu waukulu kwambiri m'chigawo cha Maya munthawi yachikale uli ndi zotsalira zoposa 500 zokumbidwa pansi, chifukwa chake Calakmul amadziwika kuti ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri pamalemba amtengo wapatali a Mayan, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa miyala, yomwe ili kutsogolo kwa zipinda zapansi ndi ambiri ozungulira Mabwalowa. M'dera lotetezedwa muli malo ambiri ofukula mabwinja, omwe amadziwika bwino ndi El Ramonal, Xpujil, Río Bec, El Hormiguero Oxpemul, Uxul ndi ena, onse ofunikira kwambiri zikhalidwe komanso chikhalidwe, pomwe Calakmul amadziwika kuti ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Mayan Mexico, ndipo wachiwiri kudera lonse la Mayan, pambuyo pa Tikal.
