Munthawi ya 1971, nkhani zopezeka kwa azimayi ndi azimayi ambiri omwe adapangidwa ndi dothi zidafalikira pakati pa anthu wamba omwe amakhala mozungulira Laguna de Alvarado, m'boma la Ignacio de la Llave, Veracruz.
Aliyense ankadziwa kuti dera lino linali lolemera kwambiri m'mabwinja; Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, pamene nthaka inkalimidwa kapena ngalande zinkakumbidwa kuti zimange nyumba kapena kuyika ngalande, zidutswa za zombo ndi mafano zimapezeka zomwe zimayikidwa m'manda limodzi ndi wakufayo kuyambira nthawi za ku Spain zisanachitike. Koma mphekesera tsopano zidalankhula zazachilendo.
Zowonadi: atafufuza zakale akatswiri ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Veracruzana atafika m'derali, adazindikira kuti anthu ena akumaloko omwe amadziwika kuti El Zapotal, omwe ali kumadzulo kwa Alvarado Lagoon, adafukula mobisa m'mbali mwa milu, ena mwa iwo mpaka mamita 15 kutalika; anthu anali atawabatiza ngati mapiri a tambala ndi nkhuku, ndipo papulatifomu pakati pa milu iwiri wina adayika mafosholo awo, atazindikira zomwe zimalankhulidwa kwambiri za terracotta.
Wofukula za m'mabwinja Manuel Torres Guzmán adatsogolera kufufuzaku nthawi zina zomwe zimakhudza zaka za m'ma 1970, ndikupeza zodabwitsa zambiri. Pakadali pano tikudziwa kuti zomwe zapezazi zikugwirizana ndi malo opatulika opembedzedwa kwa mulungu wa akufa, pomwe anthu ambiri amapangidwa ndi dothi, komanso anthu pafupifupi zana, omwe amapanga mwambo wamaliro wovuta kwambiri komanso wapamwamba kwambiri womwe timasunga.
Chopereka chachikulu chija, chomwe chimakwirira zigawo zingapo, chidaperekedwa kwa Lord of the Dead, yemwe chithunzi chake, chomwe chimapangidwanso ndi dothi, modabwitsa sichinaphikidwe. Mulungu yemwe olankhula Nahuatl amamutcha Mictlantecuhtli amakhala pampando wachifumu wapamwamba, womwe kumbuyo kwake umaphatikizidwa ndi chisoti chachikulu chovekedwa ndi numen, pomwe zigaza za anthu zimawonekera komanso mitu ya abuluzi osangalatsa ndi nyamazi zilipo.
Pamaso pa chiwerengerochi, chokumana nacho chowopsa komanso chosiririka chimakhala nthawi yomweyo: kuopa imfa komanso kusangalala ndi kukongola kosakanikirana m'malingaliro athu pomwe umboni wodabwitsayi wazakale zisanachitike ku Spain ukuganiziridwa koyamba. Chotsalira ndi gawo la malo opatulika, omwe makoma ake am'mbali adakongoletsedwa ndi zochitika za ansembe pagulu lofiira, ndi chithunzi cha mulungu, mpando wake wachifumu ndi chisoti chake cham'mutu; magawo ena opaka utoto womwewo amasungidwanso.
Monga anthu ena am'mbuyomu ku Mexico asanamuyimire iye, mbuye wa akufa adapanga tanthauzo ndi mgwirizano wamoyo ndi imfa, womwe amamuyimira ngati wosafa; magawo ena a thupi lake, thunthu, mikono ndi mutu adawonetsedwa opanda mnofu komanso wopanda khungu, akuwonetsa kulumikizana kwa mafupa, nthiti za nthiti ndi chigaza. Chifaniziro cha El Zapotal, mulunguyo, ali ndi manja, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi minofu yawo, ndipo maso, opangidwa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zatayika, adawonetsa kuyang'ana kwa chiwerengerocho.
Tinkadziwa kale chithunzi cha mbuye wa akufa, wopezeka mdera lapakati la Veracruz, pamalo a Los Cerros, ndipo ngakhale ndizocheperako ndi zitsanzo zaukadaulo omwe ojambula am'mphepete mwa nyanjayi adagwira ntchito. Mictlantecuhtli amawonetsedwanso atakhala pansi ndi thupi lonse la mafupa, kupatula manja ndi mapazi ake; maudindo ake apamwamba amalimbikitsidwa ndi chovala chachikulu cham'mutu.
Ku El Zapotal, zomwe akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza zikuwonetsa zovuta kwambiri pakukonzekera nsembe. Pamwamba pamwamba pa malo opatulika a mbuye wa akufa, omwe ali mkatikati mwa malo ozama, manda anayi achiwiri adapezeka, momwe kupezeka kwa mafano omwetulira adayimilira, ena mwa iwo adatchulidwa, limodzi ndi ziboliboli zazing'ono zadongo zomwe zimayimira nyama.
Pamwamba pa setiyi, magulu azifanizo omwe adapangidwa ndi dothi komanso ovala bwino adayikidwapo, kubwezera ansembe, osewera mpira, ndi zina zambiri, komanso ziwonetsero zazing'ono za nyamazi zamagudumu. Chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali kupezeka kwa bokosi lamiyeso yopambana modabwitsa, yomwe nthawi zina imatha kufika kutalika kwa mamitala 4.76, ndipo yomwe, ngati msana wopingasa, wopangidwa ndi zigaza za 82, mafupa aatali, nthiti ndi ma vertebrae. .
Pafupifupi, pamwambo womwe akatswiri ofukula zakale amafotokoza ngati gawo lachiwiri kapena chikhalidwe, zidutswa zambirimbiri zadongo zidapezeka, zazing'ono ndi zapakatikati, za kalembedwe kamene kamatchulidwa kuti "ziwonetsero zokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino". kuwonetsa chithunzi cha wansembe atanyamula nyamazi kumbuyo kwake, anthu awiri atanyamula bokosi lamiyambo komanso choyimira cha wopembedza mulungu wamvula. Zikuwoneka kuti cholinga cha omwe adapereka izi ndikuti adziyambitsenso kumapeto kwa mwambowo.
Pachiyambi choyamba kupezeka kwa otchedwa Cihuateteo kunalamulira, mafano a milungu yachikazi, atavala zovala zawo ndi kuvala zipewa zodzikongoletsera ndi masiketi ataliatali omwe anali omangirizidwa ndi malamba a njoka. Amayimira dziko lapansi, lomwe limakwirira ufumu wapadziko lapansi, ndipo ndi kaphatikizidwe ka kubala kwachikazi komwe kumalandiranso thupi la womwalirayo poyambira panjira yamdima.
Gwero Ndime za Mbiri Na. 5 Lords of the Gulf Coast / Disembala 2000
