Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ku South ndi Central America kuli nyumba zazikuluzikulu izi zozunguliridwa ndi zinsinsi, nthano komanso mbiri yangwiro ndipo Mexico ili ndi osachepera 15. Tiyeni tiwadziwe!
1. Piramidi Wamatsenga
Ntchito yomanga ya Mayan patsamba lakale lakale la Uxmal, m'boma la Yucatán.
Wodziwikanso kuti piramidi ya "wamatsenga" kapena "wamfupi" adamangidwa mwala komanso mogwirizana ndi nyumba zina zomwe zimapezeka pamalopo.
Amakhulupirira kuti ndi ntchito ya mfiti yamatsenga yomwe idakweza mita 35 kutalika kwake ndi 54 mita, tsiku limodzi lokha. Khalidwe ili likadakhala kuti lidabadwira dzira lopezeka ndi mfiti ku Uxmal, yemwe zaka zikadzatha adzakhala mfumu ya fuko.
Piramidi ili ndi mapulani owulungika ndi milingo isanu yosalala, pomwe pali kachisi mulimonsemo.
2. Kachisi wa Kukulkán
Ntchito ina ya Mayan imachokera kudera la Yucatán koma m'mabwinja a mzinda wakale wa Chichén Itzá.
Makhalidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi nyumba zachifumu zaku Europe ku Middle Ages, zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi chifukwa chake aku Spain adazitcha "El Castillo" pomwe adazipeza m'zaka za zana la 15.
Nyumba ya 12th-pre-Puerto Rico isanakwane 24 mita kuchokera 55 mita yake. Imafika mamita 30 ngati muwerenga kachisi kumapeto kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa chuma monga chosema cha jaguar chokhala ndi ma jade ofiira 74, chimawonjezeranso zipinda momwe zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo imakhulupirira kuti idachitidwapo.
Onetsetsani kuti mukayendere chifukwa ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro kwambiri ku Mexico.
3. Kachisi Wolembedwa
Piramidi yayitali kwambiri yomwe ikufunika kwambiri m'mbiri yakale ku Palenque, m'chigawo cha Chiapas.
Ntchito yomanga "House of the Nine Sharp Spears", monga imadziwikanso, akuti ndi ufumu wa chikhalidwe cha Mayan kuti adzitamande pamudzipo, a Pakal "Wamkulu" komanso kuteteza thupi lake atamwalira.
Kutalika kwake kuchokera pansi ndi 22.8 mita ndi 5 zodzikongoletsera. Amamangidwa pamiyala yopaka utoto wofiyira, wachikaso komanso wamtambo. Pamwamba, pamwamba, panali manda a mtembo wa Pakal.
4. Piramidi B waku Tula
M'malo ofukula mabwinja a Tula, mumzinda wa Hidalgo, mupeza mapiramidi ena makamaka ku Mexico chifukwa cha ma Atlantean akuluakulu omwe amayang'anira pamwamba pake.
Pyramid B ya Tula ili ndi mapangidwe 5 a piramidi omwe amapangira nsanja yayikulu, pomwe pamakhala zipilala zooneka ngati ankhondo aku Toltec omwe amadziwika ndi Atlanteans.
Pamwambapa pali zolembedwa zolembedwa kwa Mulungu Quetzalcóatl, chifukwa chake amakhulupirira kuti kachisi anali pamwamba ndipo piramidi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kupembedza milungu yayikulu kwambiri isanachitike ku Spain.
5. Piramidi ya Nohoch Mul
Wapamwamba kwambiri ku Yucatan yense wokhala ndi mita 42 kutalika, milingo 7 ndi masitepe 120. Ili m'dera la akatswiri ofukula zakale ku Cobá, amadziwika kuti ndiwakale kwambiri pachikhalidwe cha Mayan.
Amakhulupirira kuti kachisi wake pamwambapa anali likulu lamiyambo yamtengo wapatali.
6. Piramidi ya Tenam Puente
Ngakhale idamangidwa ndi milingo inayi komanso kutalika kwa mamitala opitilira 30 pakati pa 300 ndi 600 AD, ndi umodzi mwamapiramidi otetezedwa kwambiri mdzikolo.
Mudzaupeza pamalo ofukula mabwinja m'chigwa cha Ballum Canan, ku Chiapas. Dzinalo limachokera ku mawu achi Nahuatl omwe amatanthauza khoma kapena linga, chifukwa ndi momwe zomangamanga zimawonekera.
Pamwamba pake ankagwiritsa ntchito popereka nsembe komanso miyambo ina.
7. Piramidi ya Monte Albán
Ntchito yomanga Zapotec mumzinda wa Oaxaca, Mote Albán, amodzi mwamalo ofunikira kwambiri ofukula mabwinja ku Mexico.
Ndi imodzi mwazing'ono kwambiri yomwe ili ndi 15 mita yokha kutalika ndi milingo 6 kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba.
Malo ake pokhudzana ndi nyumba zonse ndizabwino ndipo amapezeka m'misewu ingapo, ndichifukwa chake amakhulupirira kuti ndiye likulu la zikondwerero kapena miyambo.
8. Piramidi ya Cañada de la Virgen
Monga nyumba zina m'dera la Cañada de la Virgen, piramidi imamangidwa m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Laja, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma hydraulic engineering.
Malinga ndi National Institute of Anthropology and History, kapangidwe kake kanagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wotchi yamwezi kukhazikitsa nthawi yosaka ndikukolola.
Ili mumzinda wa San Miguel de Allende, imodzi mwazikhalidwe zazikulu za Toltecas ndi Chimecas, ku Mexico, ndiyokwera mamita 15 kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, ndi milingo 5 kuchokera kukwera.
Chinsalu chake chimakhala ndi phompho ndi nsanja yomwe amakhulupirira kuti inali kachisi kapena nyumba ina.
9. Piramidi ya ku Peralta
Ngakhale ambiri amati nyumbayi idapangidwa ndi Bajío, fuko lodziwika bwino, amadziwika kuti ndi umodzi mwamizinda yomwe chitukuko cha Chichimecas chimakhala.
Kumanga kwake mozungulira mtsinje wa Lerma kunali kofunika kwambiri pakulemera kwa nzika zake kuyambira zaka 200 mpaka 700.
Pyramid of Peralta pafupi ndi dera la Peralta, boma la Guanajuato, ndi lalitali mamita 20 ndi milingo 5 ndi nsanja yopondera, yomwe mungafikire pamwamba.
Mosiyana ndi mapiramidi ena aku Mexico, pamwamba pake pamakhala kukula kofanana ndi maziko ake, chifukwa chake sizingafanane kuti nsonga yake yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamisonkhano yayikulu.
10. Piramidi ya Calakmul
Pali 4 sarcophagi mkati, mamembala onse akale achifumu achi Mayan ndi ma hieroglyphs osiyanasiyana olembedwa pamiyala. Mosakayikira, chidwi chake chachikulu atakhala wamkulu.
Pyramid ya Calakmul ili mkati mwa nkhalango ya Yucatan, malo ofukula zamabwinja a tsamba lino la Mayan. Amakhala pakati pa zomera zonse.
Amakhulupirira kuti mafumu kapena anthu olowa m'malo apamwamba amakhala mumzinda wakale wa Spain, zomwe ndizomwe zidalengezedwa ndi Unesco mu 2002 ngati Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
11. Piramidi ya ku Niches
M'chigawo cha Veracruz, chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro cha malo ofukula zakale ku Tajín, ndi chimodzi mwazikhalidwe zazikulu kwambiri za Totonacas.
M'magawo ake 7 aliwonse pali ma 365 crypts kapena niches pokhapokha pa façade, osaphatikizira zolowera zobisika pansi pamasitepe.
Kutalika kwake kumafika mamita 20 ndi kotsegula kotseguka komwe kumapangitsa munthu kukhulupirira kuti kachisi adamangidwa pamenepo kapena adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo achitetezo.
Ngakhale kuti utoto wake umakhala wowoneka bwino komanso wotuwa chifukwa cha kukokoloka kwa nthaka, utoto wake udafiyira wofiira kwambiri.
12. Piramidi la Mwezi
Dzina lake mu Nahuatl ndi Tenan, kutanthauza kuti, mayi kapena woteteza mwalawo. Inamangidwa ngati msonkho kwa munthu wamkazi komanso udindo wake wamayi, makamaka kwa Mkazi wamkazi wa Mwezi.
Piramidi ili ku Great State of Mexico, m'mabwinja a Teotihuacán, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yayikulu kwambiri m'mizinda yonse ya Mesoamerica.
Imafika mamita 43 kutalika ndi nsonga kuchokera pomwe mutha kuwona onse a Teotihuacán makamaka Plaza de la Luna, yomangidwa kutsogolo kwa piramidi wofanana ndi guwa lansembe.
13. Piramidi la Dzuwa
Mamita ochepa patsogolo pa Pyramid of the Moon ndi Pyramid of the Sun, makamaka ku Calzada de los Muertos, likulu lapakati pa mzinda wakale waku Mesoamerican.
Imafika kutalika pafupifupi mita 64 zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yachitatu kwambiri ku Mexico.
Masitepe ake 238 okwera pamwamba ndioyenera chifukwa kumtunda uko mudzamva kulumikizana kosayerekezeka ndi dera.
14. Piramidi Yaikulu ya Cholula
Pansi pake pa 400 x 400 metres ndi voliyumu ya 4,500,000 cubic metres, imapanga kukhala yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma osati kutalika, 65 mita.
Imadziwika ndi kachisi wake wachikatolika pamwambapa, Santuario de la Virgen de los Remedios, yomangidwa ndi aku Spaniard mzaka za zana la 16th kukakamiza zikhulupiriro zawo, pamwamba pa milungu yambiri ya ku America.
Pyramid Wamkulu wa Cholula yemwe nthawi yake mu Nahuatl amatanthauzira phiri lopangidwa ndi manja, ali mdera lakale la Cholula.
15. Piramidi ya Toniná
Kutalika kwake kwa mita 75 kumapangitsa kuti ukhale wotalika kwambiri ku Mexico komanso waukulu kwambiri m'nyumba zomangidwa ndi akatswiri ofukula zakale ku Toniná, mumzinda wa Ocosingo.
Amakhulupirira kuti mzindawu umakhala ndi chitukuko cha Mayan ndipo umakonda kusonkhanitsa mafumu am'mudzimo, chifukwa cha zolembedwa pamiyala ndi zotsalira zina zomwe zidaphunziridwa.
Mkati mwake muli akachisi awiri apamwamba kwambiri ku Mesoamerica, Kachisi wa Akaidi ndi Kachisi wa Makina Osuta, pomwe milungu yakumwamba imapembedzedwa.
Ulendo waku Toniná ndi nyumba zake zazikulu ndi gawo laulendo wokhala ndi chuma chambiri chomwe mungakonzekere.
Ngakhale ena mwa ma piramidi awa ndi otchuka kwambiri kuposa ena, kufunikira kwakale komwe ali nako pazikhalidwe zakale zaku Mesoamerica ndikofanana.
Ndi uti yemwe mungayendere koyamba? Gawani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga!
