Mzinda wa Mexico City, womwe ndi likulu la anthu mdzikolo, wakhala malo omwe m'mbiri yonse magulu azikhalidwe ndi azipembedzo akhala akugwira ntchito.
M'masiku am'mbuyomu ku Puerto Rico kunkakhala mafuko a Mexica ochokera ku Aztlán wopeka, omwe adakhazikika pamalo omwe ulosi wakale umanena: thanthwe pomwe padzakhala nkhadze ndi pamenepo chiwombankhanga chikudya njoka. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, a Mexica adapeza malowa ndikukhalamo kuti awapatse dzina loti Tenochtitlan; Akatswiri ena akhala akuganiza kuti dzinali limachokera ku dzina lakutchulidwa kwa wansembe yemwe adawatsogolera: Tenoch, ngakhale adaperekedwanso tanthauzo la "tunal yaumulungu pomwe Mexltli ali."
Munali chaka cha 1325 pomwe chisumbucho chidayamba kukhala ndi anthu, kuyambira pomanga kakhazikitsidwe kakang'ono komwe, pakupita kwa nthawi, nyumba zachifumu, nyumba zoyang'anira ndi misewu zidawonjezeredwa zomwe zimalumikiza kumtunda ndi matauni a Tepeyac, Tacuba, Iztapalapa ndi Coyoacán. Kukula kwachilendo kwa mzinda wakale wa Spain usanakhale ndi mawonekedwe apadera amatauni, okhala ndi makina ovuta a chinampas omangidwa munyanja pansi pa chigwa, misewu ndi ngalande zomwe zatchulidwazi kuti muziyenda madera ophatikizanawa, komanso milatho ndi maloko kuwongolera madzi. Kuphatikiza pa izi, kupita patsogolo kwachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu komwe kudachitika zaka zopitilira 200 kumamveka mwamphamvu pafupifupi munthawi zonse zikhalidwe za nthawiyo. Kusintha kwakuchulukirachulukira kwa mzindawu kudali kochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuti, atafika ku Spain mu 1519, adadabwitsidwa ndi malingaliro akulu am'mizinda komanso chikhalidwe chomwe chidaperekedwa pamaso pawo.
Pambuyo pozunguliridwa ndi asitikali angapo kumapeto kwa mzinda wachilendowu, anthu aku Spain adakhazikika ku Coyoacán, komwe Captain Hernán Cortés adalipira omwe anali pansi pake ndi zofunkha zomwe zidapezeka ku Tenochtitlan, nthawi yomweyo ntchito yoyambitsa likulu la ufumu wa New Spain, kusankha oyang'anira ndikupanga Town Hall yoyamba. Poyamba adaganiza zoukhazikitsa m'matawuni a Coyoacán, Tacuba ndi Texcoco, ngakhale Cortés adaganiza kuti popeza Tenochtitlan inali mphamvu yayikulu komanso yofunikira kwambiri pamalopo, malowo akuyenera kukhala likulu la boma la New Spain.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1522 kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda watsopano waku Spain kudayamba, kampani yomwe imayang'anira womanga Alonso García Bravo, yemwe amakhala ku Tenochtitlan yakale, ndikubwezeretsa misewu ndikufotokozera madera okhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Aspanya ku mawonekedwe osungika, ozungulira ake akusungidwa kwa nzika zakomweko. Izi zinali ndi malire, mwanjira yofananira, msewu wa Santísima kum'mawa, wa San Jerónimo kapena San Miguel kumwera, wa Santa Isabel kumadzulo ndi dera la Santo Domingo kumpoto, kusunga ma quadrants a mzinda wakomweko komwe mayina achikhristu a San Juan, Santa María, San Sebastián ndi San Pablo adapatsidwa. Pambuyo pake, ntchito yomanga nyumba idayamba, kuyambira ndi "sitima zapamadzi", malo achitetezo omwe amalola anthu aku Spain kuti adziteteze ku zipolowe zomwe zingawonekere. Linga ili mwina linamangidwa pakati pa 1522 ndi 1524, pamalo pomwe Chipatala cha San Lázaro chitha kumangidwapo. Anthu atsopanowo adasungabe dzina la Tenochtitlan, ngakhale adasokonezedwa ndi a Temixtitan. Nyumba zomwe zidakwaniritsa kumayambiriro kwa Colony anali malo ena oyendetsa sitima, ochepa m'misewu ya Tacuba, San José el Real, Empedradillo ndi Plateros, nyumba zanyumba yamatawuni, malo ogulitsira nyama, ndende, malo ogulitsira amalonda ndi malowa. kumene anaikapo mtengo ndi piritsi. Tithokoze kupita patsogolo kwakhazikikidwe, mu 1548 adapatsidwa malaya ake ndikuti "mzinda wolemekezeka kwambiri, wotchuka komanso wokhulupirika."
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 16, likulu lolandirira New Spain linali ndi nyumba zofunikira pafupifupi 35, zomwe zochepa ndizomwe zidasungidwa chifukwa chakusintha ndikukonzanso komwe adakumana nako. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1524 kachisi ndi nyumba ya masisitere ku San Francisco, imodzi mwakale kwambiri; Msonkhanowo udagawika munthawi zamtsogolo ndipo kachisi adasinthidwa mzaka za zana la 18 ndikuwonjezera façade ya Churrigueresque. Palinso sukulu ya San Idelfonso, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku 1588 ndipo idamangidwanso ndi Abambo Cristóbal de Escobar y Llamas kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18th, yokhala ndizithunzi zoyipa za kalembedwe ka Churrigueresque. Chimodzi mwa nyumbazi chinali kachisi wa Santo Domingo ndi nyumba ya masisitere, yoyamba ku Dominican order mdzikolo; zimadziwika kuti kachisi adapatulidwa mu 1590 ndipo nyumba yachifumu yoyambayo idasinthidwa ndi ina yomangidwa mu 1736 mmaonekedwe achi Baroque, ngakhale kuti nyumba ya masisitereyo kulibeko. Kumbali yakum'mawa kwa kachisiyo Nyumba Yachifumu ya Inquisition inamangidwa, ntchito ya 1736 yomwe idalowa m'malo mwa khothi lomwe lidalipo kale; nyumbayi idamangidwa ndi womanga nyumba Pedro de Arrieta mmaonekedwe osalala a baroque. Pakali pano ili ndi Museum of Mexico Medicine.
Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico, yakale kwambiri ku America, lero yasowa, idakhazikitsidwa ku 1551 ndipo nyumba yake idamangidwa ndi Captain Melchor Dávila. Cholumikizidwa ndi Nyumba Yachifumu Ya Bishopu Wamkulu, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1554 ndikukonzanso mu 1747. Palinso chipatala ndi tchalitchi cha Yesu, chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa mu 1524 ndipo ndi amodzi mwa nyumba zochepa zomwe zimasunga gawo loyambirira. Tsamba lomwe amapezeka limanenedwa ndi olemba mbiri ngati komwe Hernán Cortés ndi Moctezuma II adakumana pomwe oyambayo adafika mumzinda. Mkati mwa chipatalacho munali zotsalira za Hernán Cortés kwa zaka zambiri.
Chipatala china ndi kachisi anali cha San Juan de Dios, chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa mu 1582 ndikusinthidwa m'zaka za zana la 17th chitseko chotseguka cha kachisiyo mumayendedwe achi Baroque. Metropolitan Cathedral ndi imodzi mwa nyumba zakale kwambiri mumzinda. Ntchito yake yomanga idayamba mu 1573 kuchokera pa ntchito yomanga ndi a Claudio de Arciniega, ndipo idamalizidwa patatha zaka 300 ndikulowererapo kwa amuna ngati José Damián Ortiz de Castro ndi Manuel Tolsá. Gulu lalikululi lidalumikizana ndi kapangidwe kake kwamphamvu masitaelo osiyanasiyana kuyambira ku baroque mpaka neoclassical, kudutsa Herrerian.
Tsoka ilo, kusefukira kwamadzi komwe kudawononga mzindawo nthawi imeneyo kunathandizira kuwononga gawo lalikulu la nyumbazi kuyambira zaka za m'ma 16 ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 17; Komabe, Tenochtitlan wakale, poyesanso kuyesetsa, atulutsa nyumba zazikulu m'zaka zotsatira.
