San Javier ndi ndende. Zakale zaku mbiri ku Puebla

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Dokotala komanso mphunzitsi Sebastián Roldán y Maldonado, mwa chifuniro, adapereka mu 1735 chuma chake cha ma pesos 26,000 zikuluzikulu za mishoni za maJesuit ku New Spain world.

Mlongo wake, Akazi Ángela Roldán, wamasiye wa H. (O) rdeñana, zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mu 1743, adatsimikiza kuwonjezera ndalama zokwana 50,000 pam cholowa cha mchimwene wake ndi cholinga chomwecho. Akuluakuluwo adaganiza zokatenga ku Puebla malo oyandikana ndi Guadalupe kuti amange tchalitchi ndi sukulu ya San Francisco Javier, ntchito yomaliza ya Sosaiti ya Yesu mumzinda ndi ku Mexico asanathamangitsidwe.

Pakati pa Disembala 1 ndi 13, 1751, kutsegulidwa kwa tchalitchi ndi sukulu kunachitikira, monga ya San Gregorio de México, yophunzitsa chiphunzitso chachikhristu ndi makalata oyamba pakati pa mbadwazo, kugwira ntchito yaumishonale mdera la Angelópolis ndi Sierra de Puebla, komanso kuphunzitsa maJesuit zilankhulo zachilengedwe. M'zaka zake zoyambirira, inali ndi ophunzira oposa 200.

Kumeneko adagwira ntchito ya ku India kuyambira 1761, malinga ndi zolembedwa, munthu wodziwika kwambiri m'nthawi yake: Francisco Javier Clavijero (1731-1787), WachiJesuit wofunikira komanso wolemekezeka m'mbiri yamalingaliro, wotsogolera kudalira kwathu, woyambitsa komanso wophunzitsa za cholowa chathu champhamvu chamakolo, wokonzanso malingaliro amakono aku Mexico komanso chiphunzitso cha sayansi, chifukwa cha "kumvetsetsa kwawo ngati kwawo kuli kosiyana ndi Spain" komanso chifukwa cha phunziro lake lokhazikika komanso lanzeru lokonda zomwe zili zathu.

Clavijero anali kale ku Puebla ndipo, zaka zapitazo, ku San Jerónimo, San Ignacio, EI Espíritu Santo ndi San Ildefonso, omwe anali odziwika pa maphunziro ake aumunthu. Anabwerera ku San Javier atapeza cholowa chabwino chomwe Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora adachoka ku Colegio de San Pablo de la Vieja México-Tenochtitlan, yemwe adakopeka ndi ukulu wachikhalidwe, miyambo yaku Mexico. Zikuganiziridwa kuti Jesuit uyu adaphunzira Nahuatl ku San Javier, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti alembe mbiri yake yakale ku Mexico ali ku ukapolo.

Mosakayikira, kukhala kwake ku Puebla kunathandizira kukulitsa umunthu wodabwitsawu, yemwe adachoka ku Angelópolis kupita ku Valladolid (Morelia), pomwe pambuyo pake ziphunzitso zake zidakopa kupangidwa kwa anthu wamba monga Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

Tchalitchi cha San Javier, chomangidwa m'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, chinali chimodzi mwazinyumba zokongola kwambiri za dongosolo la Ignatia ku Puebla, zokongoletsa zake ndizosiyanasiyana, dome lake lodzikuza lili ndi nsanja imodzi, zithunzi zake zokongola za mawonekedwe apakati pa matupi atatu a Doric chodabwitsa, atero a Marco Díaz. Malo ake olimbirana ndi patio adasinthidwa mwanzeru mu 1949, ndikungotsala khomo lolowera mbali zamapangidwe osangalatsa.

Pamapepalapo panali chojambulapo chopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri, chopangidwa mwaluso, pakati pake chomwe chidayikidwa, pansi pa pakhonde lokongola lofanana, chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha Saint Francis Xavier. Malinga ndi a Dr. Efraín Castro, olemba akachisi awa ndi omwewo omwe adapanga imodzi ku Tepozotlán: Miguel Cabrera ndi Higinio de Chávez.

Kachisi adasiyidwa ndikuthamangitsidwa kwa Ajezwiti mu 1767; Patatha zaka 28, mu 1795, akukamba za kuwonongeka kwake kwakukulu ndipo chaka chotsatira Antonio de Santa María Inchaurregui akunena zakukonzanso kwake. Pakadali pano malo omaliza a chuma chake waluso sadziwika, monga zopangira guwa lokhala ndi zithunzi za Oyera a José ndi Ignacio ndi zidutswa zodziwika bwino ku Guatemala. Pachikuto cha San Javier, poyeretsa miyala yake, zovuta zomwe zidalandiridwa patsamba la Puebla ku 1863 zidakhala mboni chete.

Malinga ndi lamulo lomwe Congress of the Union idapereka, pa Januware 13, 1834, San Javier adakhala chuma cha Boma la State of Puebla, ndipo ndipamene pomwe ndende yatsopanoyo idamangidwa pafupi ndi kachisi ndi koleji malinga ndi ndi mapulani a wopanga wamkulu komanso wokonzanso wa Puebla a José Manzo (1787-1860), mndende ya Cincinnati. Ntchitoyi, yotsogola kwambiri munthawi yake, idaphatikizira zokambirana zokomera akaidi zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala achangu komanso zopezera mabanja awo thandizo.

Kuyenera koyamba kwa ntchitoyi ndikofanana ndi General Felipe Codallos, kazembe wa boma pakati pa 1837-1841, yemwe adayika mwala woyamba pa Disembala 11, 1840. Ntchito yomanga idadabwitsa mpaka 1847, pomwe idasokonekera ndikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chifukwa za kulowererapo kwa America. Mu 1849, ndi kazembe Juan Mújica y Osorio, ntchitoyi idayambiranso, koma kulowererapo kwatsopano, komwe tsopano ndi ku France, kudayimitsanso ntchitoyo.

Pambuyo pakupambana kopambana kwa Meyi 5, 1862, ndikulanda ngati malo achitetezo, a Poblano Joaquín Colombres adasandutsa ndendeyo kukhala Fort Iturbide poteteza mzindawo, ndikukhala malo achitetezo a 1863. San Javier, chifukwa cha Mwa zina, kuyambira pa Marichi 18 mpaka 29 chaka chimenecho chinali malo ofunikira kwambiri pomwe asitikali aku Mexico adalemba imodzi mwama epic abwino kwambiri, ngakhale nyumbayo idawonongedwa ndi bomba.

Chaka chotsatira, mu 1864, chivomerezi champhamvu chinawononga kwambiri malo amndende komanso nyumba ya San Javier, pomwe nsanja yake yokhayo idagwa.

Pa Disembala 13, 1879, gulu la a Pueblans lidayamba ntchito yopitiliza ndi kumaliza ntchito yayikulu, ndikupanga komiti yomanganso yomwe General Juan Crisóstomo Bonilla (kazembe kuyambira 1878 mpaka 1880) adathandizira ndi lamulo la State Congress. Ntchitoyi inayamba pa February 5, 1880, motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga ku Puebla Eduardo Tamariz ndi Juan Calva y Zamudio, omwe amalemekeza malangizo oyamba a José Manzo.

Ndi abwanamkubwa amtsogolo a bungweli (wamkulu Juan N. Méndez yemwe adalamulira mu 1880 ndi Rosendo Márquez yemwe adachita pakati pa 1881 ndi 1892) ntchito yopanda malire idamalizidwa. Ntchito yomangayi idatsala pang'ono kumaliza: nyumba za amuna ndi akazi, zipinda, masitepe, maofesi, mabwalo 36, ndi theka la maselo.

Pa Epulo 1, 1891, chilango chonyongedwa chidathetsedwa m'boma - koyamba mdziko-, Board for the Protection of Prisoners idapangidwa ndikusintha kosiyanasiyana ku Criminal Code, ndipo tsiku lotsatira Porfirio Díaz, Purezidenti wa Republic idakhazikitsa ndende.

Ponena za ndalama zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga, ndikuyenera kutchula izi: mu 1840, chopereka chapadera cha 2.5% chidakhazikitsidwa pakugulitsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ndipo mu 1848 ma pulquerías adayikiratu gawo la 2 reales se manarios, " misonkho ”yomwe sinali yokwanira kugwira ntchito yayikuluyi. Kuyambira 1847 mpaka 1863, ma pesos 119,540.42 adayikidwapo ndipo kuyambira 1880 mpaka 1891, 182,085.14 adagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ma municipalities amayang'anira mwezi uliwonse momwe akaidi akuchokera kudera lawo amasamalira. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwapachaka kwa ndende m'zaka zoyambirira kunali zoposa 40 pesos zikwi. Mu 1903, madotolo a Gregorio Vergara ndi a Francisco Martínez Baca adakhazikitsa malo ophunzitsira anthu, komanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yomwe ili ndi zigaza zoposa 60 za akaidi omwe adamwalira kundende, omwe ali m'manja mwa INAH.

Nyumba ya San Javier inali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana: nyumba zogona, nyumba yosungiramo anthu, chipatala cha asirikali, chipatala cha miliri, malo ozimitsira moto, dipatimenti yamagetsi yamagalimoto ndi chipinda chodyera cha Ndende, yomwe idawonongedwa pang'onopang'ono. Mu 1948 sukulu yaboma idakhazikitsidwa m'bwalo ndi mabwalo a San Javier, omwe adawononga kwambiri zomangamanga, ndipo mu 1973 ndi zaka zaposachedwa zipinda zake zidakhudzidwa kwambiri.

Ndende ya Puebla idagwirabe ntchito mpaka 1984, chaka chomwe kazembe wa boma, a Guillermo Jiménez Morales, adachita zokambirana ndi anthu ambiri kuti asankhe chisankho chogwiritsa ntchito nyumba zamakedzazi m'manja mwa anthu aku Puebla, m'modzi mwa iwo talente ya a Francisco Javier Clavijero, zilankhulo zathu zachikhalidwe zidafalitsidwa ndipo ntchito yofunika yophunzitsira idachitidwa, kuwonjezera poti kukhulupirika konse kwadziko kudatetezedwa modabwitsa, kawiri. Pogwirizana, ma poblanos adapempha Executive kuti isinthe ndendeyo ndikupulumutsa San Javier kuti apatule nawo zikhalidwe komanso monga maumboni olemera, ofunikira kuti moyo wa a Puebla ukhalebe wamoyo.

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Kanema: NEVA AZINDUTSE AVUGA IJAMBO RIKOMEYE CANE KU NTAMBA MU RUGAMBA. (September 2024).