Dera la Guerrero limasunga madera ake zinthu zosawoneka bwino zapansi panthaka zomwe sizidziwika kwenikweni.
Dziko la Guerrero limasunga madera ake osalimba zodabwitsa zapansi panthaka, zomwe sizidziwika kwenikweni.
Chifukwa cha kupangika kwake kwachilengedwe ndi zojambulajambula zolimba, zomwe zidapangidwa chifukwa chapanikizika kwambiri ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa Cocos Plate pansi pa North America kontinenti kwazaka 90 miliyoni - zomwe zimayambira mapangidwe akulu komanso okwera omwe amapangidwa ndimitundumitundu ya nyama zam'madzi zokhala ndi carbonate wa calcium-, dziko la Guerrero limasunga bokosi lamiyala lalikululi la 64,281 km2 ya madera, zopanda malire zodabwitsika zapansi panthaka monga mapanga, maphompho ndi mitsinje yomwe, komabe, sichidziwika kwenikweni.
Ambiri mwa alendo omwe siapadera adadzipangira okha ku Cacahuamilpa Grotto yotchuka, yomwe, yokonzekera zokopa alendo, ili ndi nyumba yayitali yayikulu ya 1,300 m, yokongoletsedwa ndimitundu yambiri yama stalagmitic; ku mitsinje yapansi panthaka
San Jerónimo (kutalika kwa 5,600 m) ndi Chontacoatlán (5,800 m), yomwe ili pamtunda wa mamita 100 pansi pa Cacahuamilpa Grotto, idadula mbali imodzi mpaka mbali ina ya miyala yamwala yopangidwa ndi mapiri a Tepozonal ndi Jumil; komanso ku Grutas de Juxtlahuaca yokongola, kufupi ndi Chilpancingo, yomwe idakonzekeranso zokopa alendo.
Komabe, ndi dera la Guerrero lotchedwa Sierras del Norte, moyandikana ndi mayiko a Mexico ndi Morelos, lomwe lakopa chidwi cha ofufuza ndi akatswiri azamisala kwazaka zopitilira makumi atatu, komanso komwe zalembedwa ming'alu yambiri.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zili, pafupi ndi tawuni ya El Gavilán, tawuni ya Taxco de Alarcón ndipo yomwe kwa zaka zambiri yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sukulu yamapanga ambiri m'chigwa cha Mexico, modabwitsa ndi chimodzi mwazodabwitsa zomwe zalembedwa pang'ono.
MBIRI YA MALO
Anali a Mr. Jorge Ibarra, ochokera mgulu la Andean Club of Chile-Mexico, yemwe pa Disembala 20, 1975 adawonetsa izi kwa a José Montiel, membala wa Draco base association. Nthawi imeneyo, siponi yaying'ono yomwe inali pamtunda wa mamita 800 kuchokera pakhomo inkawerengedwa kuti ndi mathero a njirayo, yomwe imalola kuwona mpweya wochepa; Komabe, chidwi chofufuza ndikufufuza kupitirira zomwe ena akuwoneka kuti chikutha, ndipo chomwe chakhala chinsinsi pakupeza kwazaka zambiri, zidalola a José Montiel kuthana ndi chopinga choyambachi.
Poyang'ana njira yocheperako kale, ndipo atayesa kangapo kudutsa pamadzi osefukira komanso kudzudzulidwa ndi anzawo omwe anali ndi nkhawa, Montiel adakwanitsa kupititsa chopingacho, chomwe adabatiza ngati "Crocodile Pass", kuyambira pomwe adadutsa adayenera kudzichotsa Chisoti, ndi mutu wake wokhotakhota pakati pa zipinda za chipinda, atagwira mpweya wake ndikuyesera kuti asasunthire madziwo kwambiri, popeza mulingo wake udafika pamlingo wamaso, adakwanitsa kudutsa mbali inayo.
Popeza anzawo sanathe kutero, amayenera kukumba, mothandizidwa ndi miyala ina, mpaka atakwanitsa kutsitsa pansi kotero kuti atha kukomana naye, kuti pamapeto pake apeze malo owoneka okongola, osafufuzidwa mpaka nthawi imeneyo, ndi maiwe amadzi chowonekera, pakati pamakoma osayera a miyala yoyera yoyera ndi yakuda pomwe idapita patsogolo, osakana kukopa kwamatsenga ndi kosadziwika spelunca.
Atapambana gawo lofunikira ili, gulu la Draco limasinthasintha, ndipo lili paulendo wachisanu ndi chinayi, Disembala 28, 1976, pomwe anthu atatu amafika ku siphon-laminator kumunsi kwa La Joya. Anthu ambiri alowa mumtsinje uwu (womwe umatchedwa chifukwa umatenga madzi ambiri, chifukwa chake sungayendere nthawi yamvula); mamita ochepa okha, ena atsika kuwombera kumodzi kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo ochepa adakwanitsa kufika pansi, koma palibe amene amalowa munthambi zawo "Dzanja lazenera" ndi "Dzanja la abale", lomwe limachokera nthambi yayikulu ndi yomwe imawonekera kwambiri.
Kufufuza kwa nthambi zachiwirizi, zokhala ndi mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono, pomwe wofufuzirayo akuyenera kuthana ndi zopinga zamiyala, kupaka nkhope pakati pa denga ndi malo osefukira, akukwawa movutikira kuti athe kupitilira pakati pamadzi, mchenga ndi miyala danga la claustrophobic, ndikuphwanya kwachilengedwe kwa iwo omwe alibe kukonzekera kokwanira, koma kubwezera kumapereka mawonekedwe osalimba ndi okongola; chifukwa chake dzina lake loyenerera.
Kuthekera kwakuti mphakoyi ikutipatsa kuti tipeze mavesi atsopano sikungafanane, chifukwa ngakhale zidutsa nthawi yayitali ndikuchezeredwa ndi magulu ambiri, ndizotheka kusanthula -momveka bwino kwa mawu- ndikupeza zokhutiritsa zochuluka kapena zochulukirapo monga omwe adakumana nazo ofufuza ake oyamba pafupifupi zaka 25 zapitazo.
KUFOTOKOZEDWA
Ngalande ya La Joya ili ndi njira yopita ku 2,960 m munthambi yake yayikulu, ndi 3,400 m ngati "Dzanja lawindo" likuphatikizidwa, ndikufikira dontho, ndiye kuti, kuya kwa 234.71 mita.
Khomo lake lili pafupifupi 900 m kumwera chakumadzulo kwa tawuni ya El Gavilán, kumapeto kwa phiri. Kutsatira bedi laling'ono lowuma, khomo lalikulu limaganiziridwa mukamayandikira, koma kulibe, chifukwa ndikolowera pang'ono komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugumuka kwa nthaka kambiri. Chimodzi mwazofikira izi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndichophulika ndi cholembera cha 5 m; ngakhale pali ena pakhoma lamanja pomwe mungakwereko, koma bedi lamtsinje limathera pamenepo.
Kutsika pamalowa mumadutsa njira yayifupi komanso yolimba yomwe imalowera kumtunda wina wa 30 mita ndi 18 mita mulifupi, pomwe kuwala kwa masana kumasefera pazitsulo zomwe zagwa pakhomo. Kenako ndimeyi imapapatiza ndipo timafika pamalo pomwe timakwera-kukwera pang'ono, kuti tipeze zojambula za 15 m, pomwe chingwe chimangirizidwa ku mapangidwe achilengedwe kumanja ndi ma mita ochepa kuchokera pamenepo. Mumatsika muli ndi galasi lamadzi kumbuyo; ndi dziwe lomwe lili mchipinda chaching'ono komanso chokongola pafupifupi 7m m'mimba mwake; Apa ndipomwe gawo loyambira limayambira. Pafupifupi 25 m kupitilira ndi mbali yakumanzere ndi "mkono wamphamvuyi" (mapangidwe amiyala yamiyala yamiyala), ndikupita patsogolo pang'ono, malo abwino omangapo msasa. Pamamita 20 kuchokera pamenepo chipinda chimatsala pang'ono kukumana pansi, ndikupanga chomwe chimatchedwa "kugubuduza mphero", mita 160 kuchokera pakhomo.
Kupititsa mphero womwe ukugudubuzika kenako patatha ma gour ochepa chipinda chokwera chikukwera mpaka 10 m kutalika. Timapitilizabe njira yokongola ya 200 m kuti tifikire malo olowa, omwe amazunguliridwa ndi khoma lake lamanja, lotchedwa "Paso de la slidilla", lomwe siloposa laminator wotsika. Pafupifupi 130 m kuchokera m'mayiwe ang'onoang'ono timapeza "Turtle Pass", gawo loyamba "pamapazi onse anayi" pomwe chifuwa chimanyowa kapena chimasankhidwa kudutsa "Tubo del fakir", njira ina yodzaza ndi stalactites ndi ma stalagmites ang'ono, mutatha 100 m, fikirani kuwombera kwachitatu, kotchedwa "Chikwama chokwanira", chamamita 11.
Zomwe zikupitilira ndizabwino kwambiri: tsango la zozizwitsa paliponse, dziwe pambuyo padziwe ndikukwera pambuyo pokwera, kutsikira pamiyala yachinayi ya 10 yotchedwa "La poza", kutsatira njirayo m'njira yokhotakhota yodzaza ndi zosangalatsa mapangidwe omwe amatitsogolera ku "Crocodile Pass", kutalika kwa 7 m.
Ma meanders akupitilizabe kudzutsa chidwi cha alendo kuti apite patsogolo; Kudzanja lamanja kuli "Dzanja la zenera" ndiyeno shaft ya 11 mita yotchedwa "Windo", ndipo pomwepo pali malo akulu kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino kwambiri, omwe mumatsikira pansi pamphepo yamadzi.
Njira yayikulu imapitilira 900 m pakati pamakoma osemedwa bwino ndi ena okwera mpaka kukafika pansi pa ngalande. Ulendo wa La Joya umachitika pafupifupi maola 25 ndi gulu la anthu pakati pa asanu mpaka khumi, onse ali ndi zida zokwanira komanso maphunziro.
Kuphatikiza pa La Joya, palinso mipata ina yamankhwala ofananirayi m'derali, yokhala ndi timitengo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono totsata ndege za stratification. Awa ndi Zacatecolotla (1,600 m kutalika), Gavilanes (1,100 m) ndi Izonte (1,650 m). Oyera awiri oyamba kulowa kum'mawa, kuti akatulukenso m'phanga la Las Granadas; Kumbali ina, Izote amachita kumpoto, kuti atuluke kuphanga la Las Pozas Azules (1400 m). Izi zikuwonetsa kupezeka kwa malo obisalira pansi panthaka omwe sagwirizana ndi madzi akuthambo.
Ndikofunikira kunena kuti musanalowe m'malo osakonzekera zokopa alendo, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso ku gulu lotsogola, popeza alangizi onyenga ali ochulukirachulukira, mafakitole atha kukhala ngozi zomwe zimanyalanyaza chikhalidwe ndi chitetezo.
ZINTHU ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI
Malo osungira La Joya amapezeka m'miyala yamiyala ya Morelos yopanga zaka za Albiano-Cenomaniana, pamtunda wamamita 1,730 pamwamba pamadzi. Ili pa mapu am'mapiri a inegi 1:50 000 "Taxco" pamakonzedwe a 18 ° 35'50 '' kumpoto latitude ndi 99 ° 33'38 '' kumadzulo.
Chinyezi chimakhala chokwera kwambiri, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala zovala za 3/4 neoprene, polypropylene kapena polartec pansi pa ovololo kuti muyende bwino. Anchoko zokumba ndizofanana ndi millimeter. Pakukula kwakukula, ndibwino kuti mutenge ma bolt owonjezera ndi zingwe zazifupi.
NGATI MUPITA KU JOYA SUMMARY
Ikhoza kufikiridwa m'njira ziwiri; woyamba akutenga msewu waukulu no. 95, kuchokera ku Puente de Ixtla (Morelos) kupita ku Taxco, ndipo pafupifupi km 49 amatenga njira yolowera kumanja pamphambano yomwe imadutsa msewu waukulu wa feduro ayi. 95 imatsogolera ku Cacahuamilpa Grottoes. Pafupifupi 8 km pali chikwangwani kumanzere chomwe chikunena Parada El Gavilán, komwe mungapeze nyumba. Funsani Akazi a Olivia López, omwe angakonzereni chakudya chokoma komanso chotchipa, kapena a Akazi a Francisca, omwe mungalembetse nawo kuti azitha kuyang'anira zochitika zilizonse zosayembekezereka; Komanso, akudziwitsani momwe mungakwerere kukasupe.
Yachiwiri ndi njira yayikulu ya feduro ayi. 95, atafika ku Cacahuamilpa ndikupitilira ku Taxco. Mphindi 10 kuchokera m'tawuni ya Acuitlapan mupeza chikwangwani, koma kumanja.
Mukapita pa basi, tengani ku Taxco ndikufunsani dalaivala kuti akusiyeni pa sitimayo, ngati mukuyenda pamsewu waukulu.
