Mafunso ndi Enrique Canales Santos, wojambula waku Mexico wobadwira ku Monterrey, Nuevo León pa Okutobala 27, 1936 ndipo adamwalira pa June 19, 2007.
Kodi mukukumbukira liti ubale wanu ndi satana ndikujambula?
Ndinabadwira m'modzi mwa nyumba zopanga udothi pakati pa Monterrey, yomwe tsopano ndi Macroplaza yatsopano. Ndidazindikira kuti satana ndiwotentha, ndiyomwe idandipangitsa kuti ndidye ngodya zamakoma a ashlar, omwe akamanyowa adalawa ngati dziko lokoma lokoma. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti pafupi nafe tidabweretsa mngelo woyang'anira akukangana ndi chiwanda choyesa. Mdierekezi adamupangitsa kuti azikanda makomawo ndi krayoni popanda nyimbo kapena chifukwa, mpaka wamkulu wamkulu "Cejas", bambo anga, bambo wachimbalangondo wofiirira, adaphimba ma ashlars ndi zojambula zamitundu yachiarabu.
Zojambula zanu ndizodzaza ndi zida, chifukwa chiyani?
Nthawi zonse ndimakhala pafupi ndi nthaka ndipo ndimachita chidwi ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mawonekedwe: kutola walnuts ku Bustamante padziko lapansi lakuda lofiirira, ndi anacuhuitas ku Agualeguas pa ma almond a ocher; kuwoloka mtsinje wa Santa Catarina ndimiyala yamiyala yabuluu yopanda malire; kufunafuna mabwalo a quartz ngati tchizi mu Bishopric. Adaganizira miyala yamtengo wapatali yomwe idagwera pa Mitras, adalemba ndalama zisanu pamiyala chikwi. Chilichonse chimakhudzidwa ndi manja ndi maso.
Koma organic munyimbo zanu amachokera kuti?
Nyama iliyonse yaying'ono imabweretsa mawonekedwe ake ndi utoto wake: ma ladybugs ku geraniums, abuluzi ku La Huasteca, caramels kuseli kwa nyumba, buluu wokhala ndi buluu wokhala ndi miyendo yachikaso, nyongolotsi yoyaka ndi golide wake wakuda komanso wonyezimira. Mwa nyama iliyonse yaying'ono ndimaganizira mawonekedwe a angelo ake ndi mawonekedwe a ziwanda zake. Mapiko a ntchentche amawoneka ngati mapiko anga a angelo kapena ziwanda zazing'ono. Zachidziwikire kuti mtundu wa magazi atsopano omwe amathamanga magazi owuma amdima ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Kodi wina m'banja mwanu anali wojambula kapena wojambula?
Osati zomwe ndikudziwa. Sindinayenera kutsatira mapazi a wina aliyense. Ndikuganiza kuti ndidamva kuyesedwa koyamba kwaufulu wazaka khumi ndi ziwiri, bambo atandiuza kuti Ngalande sizinachokere kulikonse. Sindife Amwenye athunthu kapena achi Spanish, makamaka kubanja langa enafe ndife oyera pomwe ena ndi amdima. Bambo anandiuza kuti Ngalandezi zinamera kuchokera kuchipululu cha Agualeguas ndipo sitinali odzipereka ku chilichonse kapena kwa aliyense. Tiyenera kufunafuna ntchito zathu. Abambo adandiphunzitsa, kapena iweyo phunzira kukugwiritsa ntchito kapena adzakugwiritsa ntchito. Panalibe njira ina, kapena timamvera kwa mngelo wathu kapena timamvera chiwanda chathu.
Munayamba liti kujambula kapena kupenta?
Ndili ndi zaka khumi ndi zitatu ndidatenga makalasi anga oyamba kujambula m'nyumba ya munthu wina ndikupanga kavalo wokongola kwambiri wojambula kuchokera kwa wojambula wina waku Europe. Aliyense anasangalala nazo. Ndidachita mantha pomwe azakhali anga angapo adakonda kavalo wotchulidwa uja; Sindinkafuna kusangalatsa atsikana. Ndinayenera kuzungulira zojambula zonse "zokongola" kwazaka makumi awiri ndikufunafuna ufulu wanga.
Ndipo maphunziro anu a uinjiniya ndi udokotala?
Ndinkasangalala ndi ntchito za umisiri monga zomangamanga, zanzeru, zenizeni, zothandiza. Zojambula zosuntha zenizeni. Oyang'anira makampani posakhalitsa adandikwiyitsa, zochenjera zambiri zimafunikira kwa inu; luntha silifunsidwa kwa inu, ndipo mukafuna kunena nzeru amakwiya ndikukusiyani ku Babia. Kuchenjera kwambiri kumakusandutsani nyama: mphalapala, khoswe, tambala, mphungu, mphaka, makamaka mphaka. Ph.D. wanga mwatsopano ku Yunivesite ya Houston adandichotsa chidwi changa chofuna kudzoza; Zinandichotsanso kuopa ziwanda zabodza ndipo ndinasiya kupemphera kwa angelo abodza. Ndinali wokonda kumvetsetsa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, chifukwa zimakhala ndi ziphe komanso chuma. Tsopano, zowonetsedwa bwino, mopanda mantha, ndimangolima ziwanda ndi angelo anga, kuchokera kukhola langa, ku tchalitchi changa, kuchokera kumalo anga.
Kodi mudakhala kunja kwa dzikolo?
Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri ku Brazil; mngelo wanga ndi chiwanda changa adadzuka ku loto lalitali laku Mexico ku Brazil. Ulendo wopita ku Europe ndi United States umakupangitsani kukhala waku Mexico chifukwa chosiyana kwambiri, amakukakamizani kuti mudzipangire nokha, koma Brazil imasintha zomwe ndi za Mexico kwa inu, chifukwa zimakutsimikizirani mumikhalidwe yanu yaumunthu komanso zimatichotsera chiphunzitso ndi matachin omwe tili nawo anthu aku Mexico. Ku Brazil, ngakhale Alfonso Reyes adalandidwa Aaziteki omwe adawedza ku Mexico City. Ku Rio ndiwe mphukira potengera kununkhira ndi kununkhira. Angelo ndi ziwanda zaku Brazil zomwe zimadzisunthira nthawi zina, zimabweretsa mitundu ya sukulu za samba, ndikuwonetsa mawindo ena amoyo.
Kodi mukumva kupita patsogolo pakupenta?
M'malo mopitilira patsogolo, ndikuganiza kuti mumadzinenera mwachidule kwambiri. Nditangoyesetsa kulemba zolemba zanga zapaulendo, ndidawona kuti mawuwo amathandizira kufotokoza zomwe sizingatheke penti yanga. Utoto wonse wakunja ndi chifukwa chakumenya bwino mkati. Pamalo aliwonse pamakhala utoto, kapangidwe kake, ndi mawonekedwe ake. Pamalo aliwonse akunja zimawululira zoyipa ndi zabwino zoyenda mkati mwake. Mdierekezi ndi woterera, amathawathawa mukamamenya nkhondo; nthawi zina mdierekezi amakhala wachisokonezo, nthawi zina amakhala wosalongosoka, nthawi zina nzeru zoyipa. Pakujambula, mngelo akuyimira kulimba mtima, luso, kulimba mtima kuti atenge mzimu wathu pankhaniyi. Pakujambula simukuyenda patsogolo, mumaphimba.
Kodi chitsogozo cha penti yanu ndi chiyani?
Kuwongolera ndikumverera kwamkati kwakudziwona nokha kukuwonetsedwa mu gawo lazinthu zakunja. Sindingathe kuwona zithunzi zonse, monga momwe sindingathe kuwonera anthu athunthu. Ndi zinthu zomwe zimandipatsa mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimandigwira chidwi. Chifukwa chake, mwadzidzidzi ndimapeza zojambula zanga kapena za ena omwe ali ndi mitsempha ya chowonadi changa.
Kodi kupenta ndizomveka?
Mumapaka ndi chilichonse; ndi kulingalira kwako, ndi kutengeka kwako ndi thupi lako. Kuyamba kupenta sikuyenera kuyamba kukangana, kapena kungodziperekera zifukwa; m'malo mwake, kuyamba kujambula ndi mwambo. Pachifukwa ichi mukufunika mtendere wamkati, mgwirizano wina; Mumafunikira malo, chete kapena phokoso lolamulidwa, zida, nthawi ndi malingaliro.
Kodi zojambula zanu ndizokhulupirira? Kodi mukukhulupirira
Sindinapake ndi vibe yoyipa; Ndimayesetsa kukhala ndi chiyembekezo ndipo ngati sindibweretsa, ngati sindingakhale wokhutira ndi moyo wanga komanso ndi moyo, ndibwino kuti ndisapake utoto masana amenewo, kukwera phirilo kapena kungotsuka maburashi, kukonza mapepala, mpaka ma vibes oyipa atadutsa. Ndikungofuna kufotokoza changu changa, mulungu wamkati yemwe tonse timabweretsa mkati, mwini wa angelo anga ndi ziwanda zanga. Kuimba kumakhala kovuta kuposa kulira, kwa ine, ndimawona kuti ndikofunikira chifukwa tiyenera kulimbikitsana.
Mumapaka utoto kuti mukhale ndi moyo kapena mumakhala moyo wopaka utoto?
Moyo, ngakhale sukhalitsa, ndi waukulu, uli ndi zinsinsi zambiri; moyenerera ndi wokulirapo kuposa zaluso ndipo zaluso ndizokulirapo kuposa dziko lililonse.
Amati kujambula kwanu ndi waku Mexico, ndizowona?
Ndine waku Mexico pamchombo ndipo ndine wokondwa kwambiri ndipo sindikufunika kuyesetsa kuti ndikhale m'modzi - ndi waku Mexico kwambiri mukamachita zomwe zimakupangitsani, mukamachita zomwe muli ndikudziponya ndi chidaliro chonse kuti mudzitanthauzire ntchito zanu.
Ubale wanu ndi chiyani?
Kuyambira 1981, Arte Actual Mexicano de Monterrey adandithandizira, pomwepo Museum of Monterrey, Gallery of Mexico Art, Tamayo Museum, Fine Arts, Chapultepec Museum, José Luis Cuevas Museum; Quetzalli Gallery ku Oaxaca, Marco de Monterrey ndikumapeto kwa Museum of Amparo ku Puebla, komwe kwapeza ntchito zanga zambiri. Ndawonetsa ku Paris, Bogotá ndi m'mizinda ingapo. Ndili ndi ndemanga zabwino ndi zoyipa; Ndili mkati molimbana Koma chomwe ndimangoda nkhawa ndi kujambula kwanga kwina.
Ndiwe ndani, ndiwe ndani?
Sindikudziwa kuti ndine ndani, kapena ndine ndani, koma ndikudziwa zomwe ndimachita, chifukwa chake ndine wojambula wazithunzi, wosema miyala, ndimakanda dongo, ndimapukuta magalasi, ndimaganiza mitundu yonse yamizere. Komanso, ndikatopa ndi kuyimirira, ndimakonda kukhala ndikulemba za zojambula, ukadaulo komanso nkhani zandale. Koma chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri ndi akazi omwe ali ndi tsitsi lopindika pang'ono.
