Chimodzi mwa zokopa ku Mexico City chikupitilizabe kukhala Zoo za Chapultepec. Zothandiza kukhala tsiku limodzi ndi banja.
Anthu ndi nyama nthawi zonse akhala akuchitirana wina ndi mnzake mwanjira inayake komanso kumayambiriro kwa umunthu, kukumana ndi nyama yayikulu kuyenera kuti kunali kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, munthu wapulumuka chifukwa cha luntha lake, ndipo ukulu wake wamulola kuti agonjetse mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ndikuweta ena ambiri kuti apindule nawo. Lero njirayi ili pachiwopsezo cha kukhalapo kwake chifukwa idaphwanya chilengedwe.
M'mbuyomu, gulu lililonse limakhala ndi zosowa zawo komanso zomwe amakonda malinga ndi nyama zomwe zimagawana malo awoawo. Umboni wa izi ndikuti munthawi ya Alexander the Great space zidalengedwa kuti zisunge mitundu ina ya nyama, ndipamene lingaliro la malo osungira nyama monga momwe amadziwika masiku ano lidabadwa. Komabe, isanafike nthawiyo, panali zikhalidwe zotsogola monga achi China ndi Aigupto omwe adamanga "Gardens of acclimatization" kapena "Gardens of intelligence" komwe nyama zimakhala m'malo oyenera. Mabungwe onsewa, ngati sanali (malinga ndi malingaliro) malo osungira nyama zoyambilira, adawonetsa kufunikira komwe anthu awa amapatsa chilengedwe nthawi imeneyo.
Pre-Hispanic Mexico sinali patali kwambiri pamundawu ndipo malo osungira nyama a Moctezuma anali ndi zamoyo zambiri ndipo minda yake idakonzedwa mwaluso kwambiri kotero kuti opambanawo sanakhulupirire zomwe maso awo adawona. Hernán Cortés adawafotokoza motere: "(Moctezuma) anali ndi nyumba ... pomwe anali ndi dimba lokongola kwambiri lokhala ndi malingaliro mazana ambiri omwe amatulukamo, ndipo miyala yawo ndi malasha ake anali yasipi yabwino kwambiri. M'nyumbayi munali zipinda za akalonga awiri odziwika kwambiri ndi ntchito zawo zonse. Mnyumbayi anali ndi mayiwe khumi amadzi, momwe anali ndi mizere yonse ya mbalame zam'madzi zomwe zimapezeka mgawoli, zomwe ndizochulukirapo komanso zosiyanasiyana, zonse zoweta; komanso kwa omwe ali mumtsinje, madamu amadzi amchere, omwe adatsanulidwa kuyambira nthawi ina kufikira nthawi ina chifukwa chakutsuka […] mtundu uliwonse wa mbalame udapatsidwa chisamaliro chomwe chinali choyenera kutengera momwe zimakhalira m'munda [ ...] pamwamba pa dziwe lililonse ndi mayiwe a mbalamezi panali makonde awo owoneka bwino, pomwe Moctezuma woyenera adabwera kudzawonanso ndikuwona ... "
Bernal Díaz mu "True History of the Conquest" adafotokoza kuti: "Tiloleni tsopano tinene za moto, pomwe akambuku ndi mikango idabangula ndipo adivi ndi ankhandwe ndi njoka zikulira, zinali zoyipa kuzimva ndipo zimawoneka ngati gehena."
Ndi nthawi komanso kugonjetsa, minda yamalotoyi idasowa, mpaka 1923 pomwe katswiri wazamoyo Alfonso Luis Herrera adakhazikitsa Zoo za Chapultepec ndi ndalama za Secretariat of Agriculture and Development, za Society for Biological Study, zomwe zatha tsopano, komanso mothandizidwa ndi nzika zokonda kusamalira nyama.
Komabe, kusowa kwa zinthu zomwe zidatsatiridwa komanso kusasamala zidapangitsa kuti ntchito yokongola yotereyi iwonongeke ndikuwononga mitunduyo ndikuwunika kwambiri maphunziro ndi chisangalalo cha ana. Koma burashi yayikulu yobiriwirayi yodzaza ndi mbiri pakatikati pa mzindawo silingatayike, ndipo adanenedwa ndi phokoso lotchuka. Chifukwa chake, Dipatimenti ya Federal District idapereka malangizo opulumutsa izi, malo osungira nyama ofunika kwambiri mdziko muno.
Ntchitoyi idayamba ndipo cholinga chawo chinali kuphatikiza ziweto m'zigawo za nyengo ndikupanga malo achilengedwe omwe angalowe m'malo azisamba zakale komanso zocheperako, komanso mipiringidzo ndi mipanda. Momwemonso, aviary idamangidwa molimbikitsidwa ndi nyumba ya mbalame ya Moctezuma.
Anthu opitilira 2,500 adatenga nawo gawo pokwaniritsa ntchitoyi motsogozedwa ndi a Luis Ignacio Sánchez, Francisco de Pablo, Rafael Files, Marielena Hoyo, Ricardo Legorreta, Roger Sherman, Laura Yáñez ndi ena ambiri, omwe ndi chidwi chachikulu adadzipereka ku Ntchito yomaliza kukonzanso zoo munthawi yolemba.
Choyamba chomwe mlendo ayenera kuwona akamalowa kumalo osungira nyama ndi malo okwerera masitima apamtunda omwe amafalikira kudzera ku Chapultepec ndipo lero ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale komwe mungaphunzire za mbiri ya paki yotchuka.
Kutuluka ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, mutha kuwona mapulani pomwe madera anayi owonetserako amadziwika, opangidwa molingana ndi nyengo komanso malo okhala. Izi ndi izi: nkhalango zotentha, nkhalango zotentha, savanna, chipululu, ndiudzu. M'malo onsewa mutha kuwona nyama zoyimira kwambiri.
Msewu, komwe mungapezenso malo ena omwera, umalumikiza madera anayi omwe nyama zimasalidwa ndi makina achilengedwe monga ngalande, madzi ndi malo otsetsereka. Ngati, chifukwa cha kukula kwa nyamazo, ndikofunikira kuziyang'anitsitsa, kupatukana kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makhiristo, maukonde kapena zingwe zomwe sizidziwika.
Chifukwa ili pakatikati pa mzindawu ndipo ili ndi malo ochepa, kumanganso malo osungira zinyama kumafuna chithandizo chapadera chomwe chimalemekeza nyengo yomwe yazunguliridwa, koma nthawi yomweyo zimapangitsa wowonayo kumverera m'malo osiyanasiyana omwe mphatso, m'njira yakuti akhoza kuiwala malo omwe ali komanso kuyang'ana nyama momasuka.
Ali panjira, ndizotheka kuwona amphaka angapo akusunthira kutali ndi unyinji, amphaka osakhazikika mwadzidzidzi amatambasula monga amphaka amachita kuti apitilize kuyenda kwawo mwachangu, ndi lemur, kanyama kakang'ono kokhala ndi mchira wautali kwambiri, ubweya waimvi ndi mphuno yabwino. , yemwe amalimba mtima ndi maso ake akulu, ozungulira komanso achikasu pagulu.
Ku herpetarium mutha kusangalala ndi coetzalín, chizindikiro ku Mexico wakale chazolengedwa. Nzika zakale za dziko lathuli zati omwe abadwa pansi pa chizindikirochi adzakhala ogwira ntchito zabwino, adzakhala ndi chuma chambiri ndipo adzakhala olimba komanso athanzi. Nyama imeneyi imayimiranso chibadwa chogonana.
Kupitiliza njira yomweyo mpaka mutapeza kupatuka komwe kumatsogolera ku aviary, komwe kumaphatikizapo chiwonetsero cha mitundu yambiri yomwe inali mu actary ya Moctezuma ndi ena ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana.
Sizingatheke kutchula nyama zonse za zoo mu lipotili, koma zina monga jaguar, tapir ndi akadyamsonga zimakopa chidwi cha anthu. Komabe, m'nyanja yamchere ndi malo omwe alendo amakhala motalikirapo, ngati kuti nyese yosadziwika yawasunga chinsinsi cha madzi am'madzi. Kumangidwa pamagawo awiri, wotsikayo ndiwopatsa chidwi kwambiri, chifukwa zimawoneka ngati zosangalatsa kuwona mikango yam'nyanja ikudutsa ngati mivi yothamanga komanso chimbalangondo chakumpoto chimasambira.
Kumbali inayi, kuyesayesa kopangidwa ndi akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo, mainjiniya, omanga mapulani, oyang'anira ndi ogwira ntchito wamba, kuti agwire ndikubwezeretsanso zomwe zili m'minda ndikuyenera kuyamikiridwa, chifukwa kupanga mtundu weniweni wa chilengedwe sizotheka.
Zina mwazolinga zomwe Chapultepec Zoo ikufunira ndikupulumutsa mitundu yambiri yazachilengedwe kuti zisawonongeke, pokwaniritsa ntchito yodziwitsa nzika zakufunika komwe nyama zili nako potengera chilengedwe cha dziko lathu lapansi.
Chitsanzo cha izi ndi za chipembere chakuda, chomwe chakana kufalikira mwachangu komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu. Nyama iyi yakhalapo pafupifupi zaka 60 miliyoni, imakhala yokhayokha ndipo imangofuna kampani nthawi yoswana; Ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha chifukwa cha kutayika ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo ake, komanso chifukwa cha malonda osaloledwa komanso osasankhidwa omwe amachitika ndi nyanga zake zosiririka, zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi aphrodisiacs.
Koma, popeza palibe changwiro, anthu onse apereka malingaliro ku Unknown Mexico za Zoo yatsopano ya Chapultepec motere:
Tomás Díaz wochokera ku Mexico City adati kusiyana pakati pa malo osungira nyama akale ndi atsopanowa ndi kwakukulu, chifukwa paki yakale kuona nyama zili m'zipinda zing'onozing'ono zimasokoneza, ndipo tsopano kuziona zili zaulere komanso m'malo akulu ndizopambana . Elba Rabadana, yemwenso ndi wochokera ku Mexico City, analankhulanso mosiyana kuti: “Ndabwera ndi ana anga aang'ono komanso mlongo ndi cholinga, akuti, ndikuwona nyama zonse zomwe alengezedwa ndi oyang'anira malo osungira nyama, koma zitseko zina zilibe kanthu ena nyama siziwoneka ndi zomera zosangalala ”. Komabe, a Elsa Rabadana adazindikira kuti malo osungira nyama aposachedwa kuposa awa.
Erika Johnson, waku Arizona, United States, adafotokoza kuti malo omwe nyama zimapangidwira anali abwino pachitetezo chawo, koma kuti kapangidwe kake kuti anthu azitha kuziwona m'malo awo achilengedwe, osasokoneza chinsinsi chawo, nthawi zambiri sizinakwaniritsidwe, ndipo pachifukwa ichi zoo sakanakhoza kusangalala nazo.
Atolankhani ochokera ku México Desconocido, tikulandila kuyamikiridwa ndikudzudzulidwa kwa Zoo yatsopano ya Chapultepec, koma tikunena kuti ziyenera kukumbukiridwa, choyambirira, kuti malo osungira zinyamawa ndi am'mizinda motero alibe malire pazinthu zingapo. Momwemonso, tikunena kuti zidachitika munthawi yolemba komanso kuyesetsa kwakukulu, koma chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti zoo izi ndizotheka.
Ndipo monga uthenga womaliza, Chapultepec Zoo ndi umboni wina wosonyeza kuti ngakhale munthu atha kukopa chilengedwe, ayenera kutero ndi ulemu komanso chisamaliro chonse kuti asawonongeke, chifukwa ndichophatikizana pomwe gawo lililonse limagwira gawo losasinthika. . Tisaiwale kuti zomera ndi zinyama ndi gawo lofunikira m'chilengedwe ndipo ngati tikufuna kudziteteza monga mtundu wa anthu tiyenera kusamalira chilengedwe chathu.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za zoo, onani tsamba lovomerezeka.
