Dziwani zambiri za mafashoni okongoletsa omwe anali m'nthawi ya atsamunda komanso momwe adakhudzira nyumba za atsamunda.
M'dziko lathu, zikhalidwe ziwiri zomwe zidalumikizidwa ku Colony zinali ndi malingaliro azachipembedzo momwe miyambo, nthano ndi zikhulupiriro zakale zidasakanikirana zomwe zidabweretsa lingaliro latsopano. Wachibadwidwe anali asanachiritsidwe ndi kudabwitsako komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi kuwukira kwamwano, pomwe anali akugwira ntchito molimbika pomanga akachisi ndi nyumba.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa midziyo nthawi zambiri kumatsatira zinthu ziwiri zoyambirira: imodzi inali grid yooneka ngati bolodi - mawonekedwe omwe m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri wolemba Bernardo de Balbuena, mu ntchito yake ya Mexican Grandeur, angafanane ndi a chessboard - yomwe Ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kunali kofala m'mizinda yaku Europe panthawiyo, inali yankho lomwe anthu ambiri adachita chifukwa chophweka, ngakhale siziyenera kuyiwalika kuti kugawa mizinda yakomweko kunali chifukwa chakukhazikika kwa malo mogwirizana kwambiri ndi masomphenya awo. cosmology ya dziko lapansi ndi chilengedwe.
Kapangidwe kena kanali ka midzi yomwe imayenera kusintha kutengera madera amtunda; Zikatero masanjidwewo adatsata zolakwika zapa malo, kusinthitsa misewu ndi mabwalo mozungulira malo awo. Zochitika m'matawuni zamunthu wokhala m'migodi zomwe zimakonzedwa pafupi kwambiri ndi mchere komanso mitsempha nthawi zina zimagwirizana ndi mizinda yakale yaku Spain yaku Moor.
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi zachikoloni, akachisi ambiri ndi nyumba zachifumu zomwe zidamangidwa ndimalamulo omwe adabwera ku New Spain (Franciscans, Dominicans and Augustinians), adapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe ooneka ngati nyumba zachifumu. Maziko ambiri omwe adapangidwa ndi omanga awa adakonzedwa monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa ndipo misewu yayikulu idatsogolera kukachisi, yemwe zokongoletsa zake pamachitidwe okongoletsa zimayenderana ndi mafashoni amakono a nthawiyo. Nawa ena mwa iwo.
Chigoti: Idapangidwa ku France kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 12 ndipo idakhalako mpaka zaka za 15th. Chikhalidwe chake chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipilalacho, mawindo a rose ndi magalasi owoneka ngati magalasi oyatsa komanso mipiringidzo yodziwika bwino yotumizira katundu ndi zipilala. Zonsezi zimagwira ntchito yokongoletsa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yovuta. Malo ake omanga amadziwika ndi mzere wolunjika womwe umakonza zipilala zake ndi nthiti zake, zomwe zikakumana pakiyi yapakati zimasandulika kukhala zipinda zapansi. Idayambitsidwa ku Mexico m'zaka za zana la 16. Palibe chitsanzo cha Gothic yoyera mdziko lathu.
Mzere: Mtundu wachilendowu - kusakanikirana kosakanikirana kwamachitidwe omwe adayambitsidwa ku Spain ndi ojambula aku Germany, Italiya ndi Aluya-, adatulukira ku Spain kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 15 ndikukula mchaka choyamba cha zaka za zana la 16. Zonsezi zimanena za ntchito zonse zomangamanga, mipando ndi zaluso zazing'ono zopangidwa ndi kuphedwa ndi osula siliva. Mu zinthu za Plateresque za ma Gothic, ma Renaissance aku Italiya ndi ma Moor adakumana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ku New Spain kudalimbikitsidwa ndikumasulira kwa amisiri amwenye, omwe adakhudza kwambiri kuphatikiza zizindikilo za ku Spain zisanachitike. Mwambiri, imadziwika ndikumagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa zochulukirapo kutengera zitsogozo zamasamba, nkhata zamaluwa ndi zoyipa zitseko zam'mbali ndi zenera, komanso mzati ndi ma pilasters. Palinso ma medallions okhala ndi ziwonetsero za mabasi aanthu ndipo zipilalazo ndizosanjidwa; mazenera ena amakwaya amamera ndipo nthawi zina mawindo akuluakulu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma amtundu wa akachisi achi Gothic m'mizinda yaku Europe.
Zachikhalidwe: Zidawoneka ngati kusintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwa kalembedwe ka Renaissance ndipo nthawi yake inali pafupifupi zaka zoyambirira za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri mpaka chomaliza cha khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, ngakhale anali ndi magawo ake otukuka mwatsatanetsatane posaka mitundu yatsopano ndi mizere yokongoletsa. Mtunduwu udafikiranso pantchito zojambula ndi zosemedwa panthawiyo.
Baroque wosasamala kapena wosintha: Inali ndi nthawi yayifupi, mwina kuyambira 1580 mpaka 1630. Imadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa zamasamba mumizere yazitseko ndi zipilala, zipilala zomwe zidagawika magawo atatu okongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yolinganizidwa mozungulira, yopingasa kapena mawonekedwe amtundu zigzag ndi zotumphukira chimanga ndi zomangira ndi zolowa.
Maluwa achi Solomonic: Kutalika kwa gawo ili la nyengo ya Baroque kuli pakati pa 1630 ndi 1730. Kuyambitsa kwake ku Europe kudachitika chifukwa cha wopanga mapulani waku Italiya Bernini, yemwe adalemba cholembera chomwe Aarabu adapeza pamalo pomwe kachisi wa Solomo amayenera kuti anali. . Ndondomekoyi idaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mizati yama helical iyi pokongoletsa nyumba zamakachisi ndi nyumba, ndikubwezeretsanso machitidwe ena am'mbuyomu ndikulipindulitsa ndi zina zake.
Choyimira cha Baroque kapena kalembedwe ka churrigueresque: Anagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe okongoletsera pakati pa zaka za 1736 ndi 1775 pafupifupi. Zinapangidwa kuchokera pakumasuliranso kopangidwa ndi akatswiri opanga mapulani ku Europe, mizati yachi Greek yomwe inali ndi maziko osokosera a piramidi, okhala ndi zibangiri kapena zifanizo za milungu. Imayambitsidwa ku Spain ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga José Benito de Churriguera - chifukwa chake dzinali - ndipo lidakhala lotchuka ku Mexico. Jerónimo de Balbás ndi amene adamuyambitsa dzikolo. Ngakhale zanenedwa kuti kalembedweka kanatenga cholowa kuchokera ku Plateresque, kukoma kwake kwapadera kwa zokongoletsera zokongoletsa kunapangitsa kuti kukhale zolengedwa zodzaza ndi nkhata zamaluwa, mabasiketi, ma rosettes ndi angelo omwe adaphimba mbali zonse.
Akupanga: Ndizowonjezera zopanda malire za zokongoletsera za churrigueresque, zomwe zimapanga masinthidwe ndi mapangidwe azipangidwe zakale, zamaluwa komanso zomangamanga zomwe zimadzetsa zokongoletsa zokongola zomwe zimakweza kwambiri. Ndondomekoyi idakwaniritsa bwino ukadaulo wa stucco ndi kusema mitengo.
Neoclassic: Ndiwo mawonekedwe amakono omwe adapezeka ku Europe m'chigawo chachiwiri cha zaka za zana la 18 ndi cholinga chobwezeretsanso zodzikongoletsera zamitundu yakale yaku Greece ndi Roma. Kufunika kwa Academy ku Mexico mzaka za zana la 18 kudali kofunikira kwambiri pakulandila kwa neoclassical, kuphatikiza pazachuma chomwe New Spain idakumana nacho.
