Kum'mawa Mzinda Wamatsenga Oaxaca ndi wachuma chodabwitsa ndipo ili ndi zokopa zina zazikulu zomwe tikufuna kugawana nanu kudzera pagulu lathu lonseli.
1. Kodi ndikafika bwanji ku San Pablo Villa Mitla?
San Pablo Villa Mitla, kapena Mitla, ndiye likulu laling'ono lamatauni a Oaxacan omwe ali ndi dzina lomweli, lomwe lili m'chigawo cha Central Valley ku Oaxaca. Mabungwe amatauni ndi a District of Tlacolula de los Valles Centrales, malo azigawo zitatu zikuluzikulu za mitsinje zopangidwa ndi Mixtec Nudo, Sierra Juárez ndi Sierra Madre del Sur. Mzinda wa Oaxaca uli makilomita 46 okha kuchokera ku Magic Town.
2. Kodi tawuniyi idapangidwa bwanji?
Aaztec amatchedwa "Mictlán", kutanthauza "Chigwa cha Akufa," mudzi wakale wa ku Spain wopezeka ndi omwe adagonjetsa. Alaliki aku Spain adamanga kachisi woyamba mkati mwa 16th century kuti alemekeze Mtumwi wa Akunja ndipo tawuniyo idatchedwa San Pablo Villa Mitla. Mwamwayi, gawo labwino lazomangamanga zomwe ma Mixtec ndi ma Zapotec adapanga zidapulumuka chifukwa chikhalidwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ngati "miyala" yazida. Mu 2015, San Pablo Villa Mitla idaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo la Magic Towns kuti ithandizire alendo kuti azigwiritsa ntchito malo ake ofukula zakale komanso zokongola zake zachilengedwe.
3. Kodi Mitla ali ndi nyengo yotani?
Wokondedwa ndi kutalika kwake kwamamita 1,684 pamwamba pa nyanja m'zigwa za Central Valleys, tawuni ya San Pablo Villa Mitla ili ndi nyengo yabwino, yozizira, yopanda mvula yambiri komanso yosasintha kwambiri pa thermometer. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi 17.4 ° C; yomwe imakwera mpaka 20 ° C munthawi yotentha kwambiri (Meyi) ndikutsikira ku 15 ° C nthawi yozizira kwambiri, kuyambira Disembala mpaka Januware. Madzi 623 mm okha ndi omwe amagwa kuchokera kumwamba pachaka, makamaka munthawi ya Meyi - Seputembara.
4. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Mitla ndi ziti?
Chokopa chachikulu cha San Pablo Villa Mitla ndi malo ake ofukula zakale, umboni wofunikira wazikhalidwe za Zapotec ndi Mixtec. Pakati pa malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja, omwe anali ndi pulatifomu ya pre-Columbian ngati atrium yake, pali Tchalitchi cha San Pablo, chomangidwa pazipilala zomwe zisanachitike ku Spain monga chizindikiro chachikhalidwe chachikhristu. Nyumba yachifumu yokongola ya Municipal ndi nyumba ina yoyenera kuchitiridwa tawuniyo. Pafupi ndi Mitla kuli mathithi am'madzi a Hierve el Agua, chodabwitsa chachilengedwe. Mitla akukudikiraninso ndi timadontho tating'onoting'ono, chokoleti ndi mezcals, zizindikilo zake patebulo.
5. Kodi kufunika kwa malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja a Mitla ndi kotani?
Zapotec - Mixtec malo ofukula mabwinja a Mitla ndi omwe amalandila alendo ambiri ku Oaxaca, pambuyo pa Monte Albán. Tsambali limapangidwa ndi zomangamanga zisanu zokhala ndi mayina a Grupo del Norte, Grupo de las Columnas, Grupo del Arroyo, Grupo del Adobe, yotchedwanso Grupo del Calvario; ndi Gulu lakummwera. Maseti awiri omaliza ndi akale kwambiri, omwe amapanganso mapangidwe azikhalidwe, ozunguliridwa ndi nyumba, monga ku Monte Albán. Olekanitsidwa kumadzulo kwa mzinda wamabwinja ndi zomangamanga zotchedwa La Fortaleza, gulu lachitetezo la Zapotec motsutsana ndi mafuko ankhanza.
6. Nchiyani chodziwika bwino m'magulu amangidwe?
Patsamba lonseli, lokongola kwambiri ndi Gulu la Zipilala, lomwe limasiyanitsidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyumba izi monga zothandizira ndi zokongoletsera. Nyumba yachifumu yomwe ili mgululi ikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso komanso mosakhwima ngati zodzikongoletsera m'miyala yamakoma ndi makoma. Akuyerekeza kuti Gulu la Zipilala lidamangidwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1400 ndi khumi ndi zisanu, ndipo mamangidwe ake adabweretsa matalente abwino kwambiri mu sayansi ndi zaluso. Zina mwazigawo za Gulu la Columns ndi ma quadrangles atatu, mwatsoka adawonongeka m'zaka za zana la 16 pomwe adalandidwa zida zawo kuti amange kachisi wa San Pablo.
7. Kodi Mpingo wa San Pablo ndi wotani?
Ili mkati mwa malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja ndipo idamangidwa papulatifomu ya Pre-Puerto Rico yomwe pano ndi malo achitetezo. Kachisiyu adamangidwa mu 1544 pachipembedzo cha Zapotec ndipo ali ndi nyumba zinayi, zitatu zozungulira m'mabwalo otsekedwa komanso yozungulira yomwe imatseka apse. Nyumba imodzi yozungulira ili mkati mwa malo opatulika ndipo ina kwaya. Khomo la tchalitchi chapaderachi limakongoletsedwa ndi mapiri a pyramidal ndipo pakhoma lakumwera kwa atrium ndikothekabe kusilira zojambula za Zapotec. M'kati mwa tchalitchi ziboliboli zingapo zachipembedzo zimawonekera.
8. Nchiyani chodziwika bwino mnyumba yachifumu ya Municipal?
A President of Municipal of Mitla amagwira ntchito munyumba yokongola yazitunda ziwiri, yokhala ndi nsanja komanso lamba. Pa mulingo woyamba, zipata zazitali zimawonekera motsatizana kwa zipilala zazimilingo zoyendetsedwa ndi zipilala zabwino, pomwe chapamwamba chapamwamba chimadziwika ndi mzere wa zipinda. Kutsogolo kwa nyumbayi kuli nsanja ya matupi 5, yomaliza yomaliza mu kachigawo kakang'ono. Thupi lachinayi la nsanjayi lidayika wotchi ndipo ili ndi balustrade. Pakatikati pa belfry yomwe idavala nyumbayi pali kutsegula ndi belu.
9. Kodi ndi zowona kuti malo owonetsera zakale ku Mitla adayenera kutseka chifukwa zidutswazo zidasowa?
M'zaka za m'ma 1950, American Edwin Robert Frissell adapeza malo ku Mitla, momwe adayikamo zidutswa zofukulidwa m'mabwinja, zomwe zimadziwika kuti Frissell Museum kuyambira pamenepo. Pambuyo pake, Howard Leigh wokhometsa ndalama adaganiza zopita ku Museum of Frissell ndi zinthu zake zambiri za Zapotec zomwe anali nazo mumzinda wa Oaxaca, ndikupanga zitsanzo za zidutswa 40,000 mpaka 80,000, zazikulu kwambiri mdzikolo. Frissell atamwalira, malowo adaperekedwa kwa eni ake ena, chiwonetserocho chidatsekedwa ndipo chophimba chinsinsi chidayamba kulukidwa pakupezeka zidutswazo. Zimadziwika kuti gawo lina lili m'manja mwa National Institute of Anthropology and History, ndipo panthawiyi, Mitla akuyembekeza kutsegulanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, zomwe zingalimbikitse alendo. Tikukhulupirira kuti mukapita ku Mitla adatsegula kale.
10. Kodi Hierve el Agua ndi wotani?
Makilomita 17 kuchokera ku San Pablo Villa Mitla ndi mudzi wa San Isidro Roaguía, komwe mathithi owopsa a Hierve el Agua amapezeka, chodabwitsa chachilengedwe chomwe chili ndi zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Kutali kumawoneka ngati mathithi amadzi omwe adangokhala osasunthika chifukwa cha chinthu chachikulu, ndipo mwanjira inayake, chifukwa ndi za calcium carbonate tinthu tomwe timakhala m'madzi omwe akhala akusonkhana kwazaka zambiri, zomwezo kotero kuti mu stalactites ndi stalagmites. Kasupe yemwe adapanga mathithi amiyala adapanganso dziwe lalikulu lachilengedwe lomwe mwamwayi silinachite mantha ndipo tsopano ndi spa yotentha. Pali dothi ndi njira yothirira ya Zapotec wazaka 2,500 pamalowa.
11. Kodi ndingagule chiyani ngati chikumbutso?
Nyumba zambiri zomwe zili pakatikati pa tawuniyi zimalukanso ndi zokongoletsa zopangidwa ndi akatswiri aluso am'deralo. Zojambula zosiyanasiyana za nsalu zimaphatikizapo zovala, zovala zopangidwa ndi manja ndi ziwiya zapakhomo, monga makalapeti, zikwama, ma sarape, ma hammando ndi nsalu zapatebulo. Amapangitsanso zibangili ndi mikanda ndi ulusi wachilengedwe, miyala yaying'ono ndi mbewu. Zambiri mwazovala za nsalu ndizouziridwa ndi nthano zaku Zapotec ndipo zimachokera ku ma code akale a ku Spain, ngakhale kulinso ndi zidutswa zamapangidwe amakono. Kutsogolo kwa malo ofukula mabwinja kuli msika wamanja womwe umapereka zikumbutso zokongola izi.
12. Kodi gastronomy ya Mitla ndi yotani?
Oaxacans a Central Valleys ndiomwe amadya timadontho tating'onoting'ono ndipo Mitla amatsatira miyambo, ndikuidya ndikuipereka mumitundu yonse, makamaka yakuda. Chakudya china chachikhalidwe ndi chiwindi ndi mazira. Kuti amwe mokoma, ali ndi chokoleti chawo chotentha, caress wofunda m'masiku ozizira, omwe amakonzekera ndi madzi osati mkaka. Chakumwa choledzeretsa chapafupi ndi mezcal, wachilengedwe kapena wokometsedwa ndi zipatso, zomwe amazitcha mafuta. Mutauni yaying'ono ya Matalán, 5 km kuchokera ku Mitla, kuli ma melencal pelenque omwe anthu ammudzi amatchedwa "likulu la dziko lonse la mezcal."
13. Kodi zikondwerero zazikulu ku Mitla ndi ziti?
Zikondwerero za oyera mtima polemekeza San Pablo zimakondwerera m'mwezi wa Januware. Mwambowu, kachisi, malo ake asanakwane ku Puerto Rico ndi misewu yoyandikana nayo yadzaza ndi anthu amatauni komanso alendo omwe amabwera kuchokera kumatauni oyandikana ndi oyandikana nawo. Gulu lalikulu lokhala ndi chithunzi cha woyera mtima limayamba ndikutuluka kwake kodabwitsa m'kachisi mdera lakafukufuku, ndikupita kumanda apafupi ndikuthera pakatikati pa tawuniyi. Pamtengowo, ambiri mwa omwe apezekapo amamwa mezcalitos oyamikira. Gulu lachipembedzo limakopeka ndimagulu oimba, magulu ovala zovala zofananira komanso ziwonetsero zazikulu, zopangidwira mwambowu.
14. Kodi ndingakhale kuti?
San Pablo Villa Mitla ikukonzekera kupereka mwayi wokaona alendo ndipo pakadali pano malo okhala mtawuniyo ndi ochepa. Titha kutchulapo za Malo Odyera a Hotel Don Cenobio, pakona ya Juárez ndi Morelos pamalo opezeka mbiri yakale, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osavuta komanso aukhondo. Komabe, kuyandikira kwa mzinda wa Oaxaca kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala kuti mumudziwe bwino Mitla. Pa 40 km kapena kuchepera kuchokera ku San Pablo Villa Mitla, mwachitsanzo, Hotel del Lago Express, Hotel Suite María Inés, Hotel Las Palmas ndi Fiesta Inn Oaxaca.
15. Malo aliwonse odyera?
Rancho Zapata, yomwe ili pang'ono pang'ono isanafike ku Mitla, ili ndi mwayi kuti imapanga mezcal yake yamanja ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mbale zaku Mexico, Spain ndi Latin; kuyamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa chazichronron zake ndi zokhwasula-khwasula za Oaxacan. Doña Chica, ku Avenida Morelos 41 mtawuni, amapereka chakudya cham'madera, onse amathamanga ndikupita kumtunda. El Famoso ili pa Km. 1 ya mseu waukulu ndipo imapereka buffet ya mbale zaku Mexico modzidzimutsa. Zosankha zina ndi La Choza del Chef ndi Restaurante Donaji.
Kodi mumakonda ulendo wathu wophunzitsa kudzera ku San Pablo Villa Mitla? Ngati muli ndi ndemanga, lembani kwa ife ndipo tidzasangalala kuziwona. Tikuwonani posachedwa paulendo wina wabwino.
