Iye Mzinda Wamatsenga Chihuahuan wochokera ku Batopilas, wobisika mkatikati mwa Copper Canyon, amakusungirani zotsalira za kukongola kwa migodi yakale komanso malo abwino kwambiri ku Sierra Tarahumara. Ndi bukhuli mutha kudziwa bwino tawuniyi komanso malo ake owoneka bwino.
1. Kodi Batopilas ali kuti?
Batopilas ndiye mtsogoleri wamatauni omwewa, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa boma la Chihuahua. Ndi tawuni yaying'ono yomwe ili m'mphepete mwakuya kwa Sierra Madre Occidental yomwe idalandira dzina la Pueblo Mágico ku 2012 chifukwa chakumbuyo kwa migodi, zokopa zake zachikoloni komanso malo akuluakulu komanso okongola ochita zokopa alendo.
2. Kodi tawuniyi idayamba bwanji?
Batopilas adabadwa pomwe ofufuza aku Spain adapeza mgodi wachuma wambiri m'derali koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 18. Woyambitsa tawuniyi anali mgodi waku Spain a José de la Cruz, omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chuma chamtengo wapatali mu 1708. Chuma cha ma seams chinali chachikulu kwambiri kwakuti nkhaniyi idafalikira mwachangu ndipo chitukuko cha migodi chinali chofulumira.
3. Kodi nthawi ya ulemerero inali motani?
Pakati pa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, gulu loyamba la amalonda ndi ochita masewerawa adayamba kufika ku Batopilas, aliyense akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito mitsempha yambiri yasiliva yomwe imalonjeza chuma chosavuta komanso chosavuta. Ochita bizinesi yayikulu pamigodi, monga Chingerezi Alexander Robert Shepherd, adafika m'zaka za 19th ndipo adamanga nyumba yachiwiri ku Batopilas. Tawuniyo idamangidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake ka nthawiyo ndipo kuchuluka kwa migodi kudapitilira mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20 pomwe tawuniyo, yomwe inali ndi anthu 10,000, idayamba kuchepa.
4. Nchiyani chomwe chidatsalira ku Batopilas pachimake cha migodi?
Atatopa ndi chuma chamigodi, a Batopilas adayamba kutha ndipo pafupifupi zaka zonse za 20th inali nthawi yosauka, yomwe idachepetsa anthu ake kukhala anthu mazana ochepa. Monga mboni zaulemerero womwe wapita kale, migodi yomwe idasiyidwa, tawuni yamisewu yokhotakhota ndi nyumba zokongola zosiyidwa ndi malo owoneka bwino, okongola koma odzaza chete ndi bwinja. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono tawuniyi idadziphatikiza ngati malo opitako alendo, idayamba kukonza zomangamanga ndipo mu 2012 idalandira thandizo la boma kuti liphatikizidwe mu makina a Magic Towns.
5. Kodi nyengo ku Batopilas ili bwanji?
Dera lomwe Batopilas amapezeka, lodzaza ndi zigwa, limakhala ndi nyengo yoipa kwambiri, kuzizira m'malo okwezeka komanso kutentha kwakuya. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka mtawuniyi ndi 17 ° C, koma ndikutentha konyenga chifukwa kumabwera chifukwa cha kuzizira kwamphamvu m'nyengo yozizira komanso kutentha, komwe kumakhala pamwamba pa 30 °, nthawi yotentha. Mvula imagwa pochepera 800mm pachaka.
6. Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yopita ku Batopilas ndi iti?
Kufika ku Batopilas ndichosangalatsa, womwe ndi mtundu waulendo womwe okonda zachilengedwe amakonda. Iwo omwe achokera kutali ayenera kukwera ndege kupita ku mzinda wa Chihuahua ndipo kuchokera kumeneko apitirire pamseu. Mtunda pakati pa Mexico City ndi Chihuahua ndi pafupifupi makilomita 1,500, ulendo wovuta wa maola 17 pamtunda. Ambiri mwa anthu omwe amapita ku Batopila amayenda ulendo wochokera ku Creel, womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 137, siteshoni yofunikira yomwe ili panjira yopita ku Copper Canyon, komwe kuli Magic Town.
7. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Batopilas ndi ziti?
Chokopa choyamba cha Batopilas ndikupanga ulendowu. Ali panjira, mutha kusilira malo owoneka bwino a Sierra Tarahumara ndikuwoloka milatho yoyimitsidwa ya vertigo. Kutsika kumatha ndipo mukafika mtawuniyi, mumasangalatsidwa ndi misewu yake yachikhalidwe komanso nyumba zake zachikoloni ndi kukongola kwawo kwakale. Pakatikati kakang'ono ka Batopilas pali magawo awiri osiyana: Porfiriato, pomwe tawuniyo idafika pachimake chachuma komanso cham'mbuyomu.
8. Nchiyani chodziwika bwino kuyambira nthawi ya Porfiriato?
Umodzi mwa nyumba zakale kwambiri ku Batopilas ndi Barffuson House, nyumba yomwe inali nyumba ya Marquis wa Bustamante, Commissioner wa nyumba yachifumu ku Spain m'derali. Nyumba zina zokongola kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18 ndi mpingo wa Virgen del Carmen, Casa Cural ndi nyumba yayikulu yomwe Sukulu ya Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz ikugwiranso ntchito pano. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 19, Bigleer House ndiyodziwika, yomwe ili ndi mipando yoyikidwapo m'ma 1870.
9. Kodi ndi zochititsa chidwi ziti zomangamanga m'nthawi ya Porfiriato?
Chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri ku Batopilas ndikuyenda m'misewu ndikukambirana ndi anthu amtendere za kukongola kwa tawuniyi munthawi yama migodi. Batopilas adafika pachimake panthawi ya Porfiriato ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyi Nyumba Yachifumu Ya Hesifera ndi Hacienda San Miguel okhala ndi nyumba yayikulu yomwe inali nyumba ya The Magnate of Silver, Alexander Robert Shepherd. Momwemonso, malo obadwira omwe anayambitsa chipani cha PAN, Manuel López Morín ndi hotelo ya Riverside Lodge amadziwika.
10. Kodi zokopa zachilengedwe zazikulu ndi ziti?
Kukula ndi kukongola kwa malo a Batopilas titha kuyamikiridwa ndi malingaliro ena omwe amapezeka panjira yopita mtawuniyi. Malingaliro a La Bufa, pafupi ndi mgodi wadzina lomwelo, womwe unali wolemera kwambiri m'chigawochi, uli pamtunda wa 1,300 mita pansi pa phompho. Kuchokera kumeneko mutha kusilira tawuniyi, Mtsinje wa Batopilas komanso malo owoneka bwino ozungulira. Lingaliro lina lokhala ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino ndi Piedra Redonda, komwe mutha kuwona Barranca de los Plátanos ndi gulu la Cerro Colorado.
11. Kodi pali zokopa zamadzi?
Pamphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Batopilas pali malo abwino oti mumange msasa ndikudikirira kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa chilimwe m'derali. Mathithi akuluakulu ali mumtsinje wa San Fernando, pafupi ndi Piedra Redonda. Mtsinjewu umapitilira njira yawo yodutsa Barranca de los Plátanos, ndikupanga mathithi okongola, omwe amodzi mwake amakhala pafupifupi 100 mita.
12. Kodi ndizowona kuti Batopilas anali mzinda woyamba waku Mexico wokhala ndi magetsi?
Sanali woyamba, ulemu womwe umafanana ndi likulu la dzikolo, koma linali lachiwiri. Wolemera wachuma Alexander Robert Shepherd adapatsa tawuni magetsi mu 1873, pomwe adalamula kuti pangidwe ngalande yamiyala ndi zina zofunikira. Canal iyi ndiimodzi mwazinthu zomwe mungasangalale nazo ku Batopilas.
13. Kodi ndingayendere mgodi?
Ku La Bufa ndi ku Batopilas kuli migodi ingapo yomwe ingathe kufufuzidwa poyenda mozungulira kuti musayike ngozi. Makilomita 8 kuchokera ku Batopilas pali zotsalira zingapo zogwiritsa ntchito migodi pamalo omwe anali mgodi wa Cerro Colorado. Apa mutha kuwona ntchito zakale zomwe zimakhala mboni zosiyidwa za chuma chamigodi, monga ma tunnel, milatho, ophika buledi ndi ngalande.
14. Ndi zokopa zina ziti zomwe zili pafupi ndi Batopilas?
M'madera achikhalidwe cha Samachique ndi mishoni ndi mpingo wa Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de Samachique, womwe unayamba cha m'ma 18th century. Ngati muli omasuka kuyenda, mutha kuyenda pansi kuti mukawone ntchito ya Nuestra Señora de Loreto de Yoquivo, yomwe ndi nyumba yokongola kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18. Ntchito ina yoyandikira ya Jesuit ndi ya El Santo Ángel Custodio de Satevo.
15. Kodi ndingachite masewera othamangitsa?
Batopilas ndi yabwino kuyenda komanso kupalasa njinga zamapiri. Maulendowa ndi ofunikira makamaka chifukwa malo ambiri osangalatsa amangofikira pafupi wapansi kapena wokwera pamahatchi. Misewu yoyenda m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Batopilas ndi mitsinje imakudutsani kudera laling'ono, malo amigodi, mishoni, ndi malo abwino kwambiri omangira msasa komanso kusamba. Imodzi mwanjira izi pamsewu wakale wochokera ku Batopilas kupita ku Urique, yomwe imatenga masiku awiri ndipo ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi wowongolera.
16. Kodi pali zaluso zochititsa chidwi?
Mwambo waluso m'derali umachitika ndi Amwenye a Tarahumara, makolo okhala ku Copper Canyon komanso mboni zachete zakuyenda bwino, kuchepa ndi kuchira kwa Batopilas ndi magulu ena amigodi. Amisiri aluso a Tarahumara amapanga zida zoimbira monga ng'oma, amagwiritsa ntchito dziko lapansi ndi siliva popanga ziwiya zadothi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zozungulira kupanga mauta ndi zidutswa zina.
17. Kodi ndimakhala kuti ku Batopilas?
Mtauni mulibe mahotela ambiri ndipo omwe alipo alipo okhala malo osavuta, oyenera alendo obwera kumene, omwe saganizira za zabwino zamzindawu. Pamsewu waukulu wa Batopilas pali Copper Canyon Riverside Lodge munyumba yokongola kuyambira nthawi ya Porfirian. Hotelo yogulitsayi ndi yokongola kwambiri mtawuniyi ndipo chidwi chake chimakhala chosamala. Hotelo Hacienda del Rio ili pamsewu wapakati pa Samachique ndi Batopilas, ndipo ili ndi ntchito yopita kutawuni. Njira zina ndi Cerocahui Wilderness Lodge, panjira yopita ku Urique; ndi Hotel Misión ndi Hotel Paraíso del Oso, zonse pafupi ndi Cerocahui.
18. Mungandiuze chiyani za Creel?
Ndi gawo loyenera kupita ku Copper Canyon ndipo anthu ambiri amapita ndi maphukusi omwe amakhala ndi mausiku angapo ku Creel ndipo ena ku Batopilas. Creel ili ndi ntchito zambiri kuposa za Batopilas ndipo m'deralo pali zokopa zomwe muyenera kuyendera. Pa 5 K. kuchokera ku Creel pali Nyanja ya Arareko, yokhala ndi miyala yochititsa chidwi m'malo ozungulira. Pafupi ndi Creel palinso mathithi okongola a Cusárare, okwera 25 mita. Pa 110 km ndi mathithi a Basaseachi, pafupifupi 250 mita kutalika.
Tikukhulupirira kuti bukuli lodziwa bwino za Batopilas lidzakuthandizani mukapita ku Magical Town ku Chihuahuan. Tiwonana posachedwa!
