Papantla de Olarte ndi mzinda wokongola ku Veracruz, malo opatulika ovina, okhala ndi zaluso komanso zophikira, komanso likulu la mzinda wakale wa Totonac wakale ku Columbian. Tikukupatsani kalozera wathunthu ku Mzinda Wamatsenga Veracruzano kuti musaphonye chilichonse chosangalatsa.
1. Kodi Papantla ili kuti?
Papantla de Olarte ndiye mzinda waukulu wamatauni a Papantla, womwe uli kumpoto chapakati m'chigawo cha Veracruz. Ndi ya cholowa cha Totonac ndipo malo ake ofukula mabwinja ndi miyambo ilipo kuti atsimikizire izi. Malo onse a Papantla ndiosangalatsa m'makoma, zipilala komanso nyumba zosangalatsa. Mu 2012, tawuniyi idatchulidwanso dzina loti Magical Town, yomwe idapeza potengera cholowa chake chowoneka ndi chosaoneka.
2. Kodi tawuniyi idayamba bwanji?
Ma Totonac adachokera kumpoto kwa Mexico ndipo adakhazikitsa El Tajín, mzinda womwe ukadakhala likulu la chitukuko chisanachitike Colombian. Munthawi zamakoloni, adatchedwa Meya wa Papantla kenako Villa de Santa María de Papantla. Mu Ogasiti 1910 idamalizidwa kukhala mzinda, wokhala ndi dzina loti Papantla de Hidalgo, chipembedzo chomwe chimangowonetsa miyezi 4, popeza mu Disembala chaka chomwecho adasinthidwa Papantla de Olarte, polemekeza wamkulu wa Totonaca Serafín Olarte, yemwe adamenya nkhondo Anthu a ku Spain pa nthawi ya nkhondo yodziimira ku Mexico.
3. Kodi ndi kutali bwanji kuchokera kumizinda yayikulu yapafupi?
Mzinda wa Veracruz uli pamtunda wa makilomita 230. kuchokera Papantla, pomwe Tuxpan ndi 83 km., Poza Rica 109 km., likulu la boma, Xalapa, 206 km.; Córdoba pa 338 km. ndi Orizaba pa 447 km. Mizinda yayikulu yoyandikira pafupi ndi Papantla ndi Pachuca, yomwe ili pa 233 km. ndi Puebla, womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 294. Kuti muchoke ku Mexico City kupita ku Magic Town muyenera kuyenda 340 km. kulowera kumpoto chakum'mawa pa Federal Highway 132D.
4. Kodi nyengo ya Papantla ili bwanji?
Papantla de Olarte ndi mzinda wokhala ndi nyengo yotentha yochokera kumtunda ndi kutsika kwake, komwe kuli mamitala 191 okha pamwamba pamadzi. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi 24 ° C, yomwe imakwera mpaka 26 mpaka 28 ° C munthawi yotentha, yomwe imayamba kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembala, ngakhale nthawi zina imatha kupitilira 32 ° C. Miyezi ozizira kwambiri ndi Disembala, Januware ndi Okutobala, momwe ma thermometer amawonetsa pafupifupi 15 ° C. Ku Papantla mvula 1,200 mm imagwa chaka chimodzi ndipo ma millimeter awiri pa atatu aliwonse amagwa mchaka cha Juni - Okutobala.
5. Kodi zokopa zazikulu za Papantla ndi ziti?
Papantla de Olarte amadziwika ndi nyumba zake zachipembedzo, zipilala zakale ndi zojambulajambula, komanso miyambo yazungulira kuvina kwa mapepala ndi kulima vanila. Nyumbazi zikuphatikizapo Temple of Our Lady of the Assumption, Church of Christ the King, Municipal Palace ndi Israel C. Téllez Park. Papantla imadziwikanso ndi zojambula zake zojambulajambula komanso zojambulajambula, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zojambulajambula za Homenaje a la Cultura Totonaca ndi Chikumbutso cha Flying One, chomwe kuvina kwake ndi chizindikiro cha tawuniyi. Malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja a El Tajín ndi amodzi mwamipangidwe yofunika kwambiri yachitukuko cha Totonac. Vanilla wonunkhira wochokera ku Papantla amatetezedwa ndi dzina loyambira.
6. Kodi mu Parishi ya Dona Wathu wa Kukwera nchiyani?
Tchalitchi chosavuta ichi choyambitsidwa ndi a Franciscans mzaka za zana la 16 chili ndi nsanja yayitali mita 30 yomwe idawonjezedwa mu 1879 ndi wotchi yomwe idayikidwa mu 1895 yomwe ikugwirabe ntchito. Munthawi ya Revolution yaku Mexico idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati msasa ndi magulu ankhondo a Pancho Villa. Chithunzi cha Namwali wa Assumption chimakhala ndi mbiri yosatsutsika, popeza idafika ikuyandikira kugombe la Tecolutla, ndikuwonetsa m'bokosi kuti komwe amapita ku Papantla.
7. Kodi Mpingo wa Cristo Rey ndi wotani?
Tchalitchichi cha Neo-Gothic chidamangidwa chapakatikati pa zaka za m'ma 2000 ndipo ndi chofanana kwambiri ndi Cathedral of Our Lady of Paris. Amapangidwa ndi nthiti, zipilala zosongoka, mawindo anyamuka ndi zinthu zina zomanga zomwe zimakumbukira zipilala zazikulu zachipembedzo zaku Europe Gothic. Chikondwerero cha Christ the King, chomwe chimakondwerera mu Novembala, ndichokongola kwambiri, ndi nyimbo ndi mavinidwe a Totonac ndipo ali ndi mphindi yakukhudzidwa pomwe omwe akutenga nawo mbali amafuula ndi mawu amodzi kuti "akhale ndi moyo Khristu Khristu."
8. Kodi nyumba yachifumu ya Municipal ili bwanji?
Mtundu woyambirira wa Nyumba yachifumu ya Papantla idamangidwa mu 1910 ndipo idangogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 5, popeza asitikali a Pancho Villa adayiwononga mu 1915 nthawi ya Revolution ya Mexico, yomwe idamangidwanso mu 1929. Nyumbayi m'mizere ya neoclassical, yokhala ndi façade mtundu wamtundu wakutsogolo, uli pakatikati pa mzindawo.
9. Kodi Israeli C. Téllez Park ali kuti?
Pakiyi yomwe ili pakatikati pa Papantla ndiye pamtima pazochitikira mumzinda. Ili ndi kanyumba kokongola kosonyeza padenga pake chithunzi chotchedwa "Kuwonongedwa kwa Munthu" ndipo chomera chomwe chimayang'ana kummawa ndi chosema "El Regreso de la Milpa". Pamapeto pa sabata, zochitika zachikhalidwe komanso zosangalatsa zimapitilirabe pakiyi, ndi Danzon Lachisanu, Loweruka Loyimba ndi Zachikhalidwe Lamlungu.
10. Kodi mungandiuze chiyani za Gule wa Zimbale?
Chiyambi cha miyambo yokongolayi isanachitike ku Puerto Rico yomwe ndi Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, idayambiranso ku Middle Preclassic Period. Alendo ambiri omwe amabwera ku Mexico akuyembekezeka kukawona ovina achikhalidwe akutsika pamtengo wawo wamatabwa ndipo awa amadziwika kale padziko lonse lapansi ngati Voladores de Papantla. Mu mzinda wa Veracruz ali ndi zolemba zingapo ndi chifanizo chachikulu.
11. Kodi chidwi cha Chikumbutso kwa Flyer ndi chiyani?
Pali zifukwa ziwiri zabwino zokayendera Monumento al Volador, yomwe ili paphiri pakati pa Papantla: kukongola kwa chosemacho komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a Magic Town kuchokera pamenepo. Ntchitoyi yojambulidwa ndi wojambula wa ku Papanteco Teodoro Cano García, woperekedwa kwa anthu amtunduwu omwe adaika miyoyo yawo pachiswe pachikondwerero cha kubala, ikuwonetsa mtsogoleri wa gulu akuimba chitoliro, atavala zovala zake.
12. Kodi msonkho wapakhoma uli kuti ku Chikhalidwe cha Totonaca?
Chithunzi chochititsa chidwi cha zojambulajambula Misonkho ku Chikhalidwe cha Totonaca Zinapangidwa mu 1979 ndi wojambula wakale waku Papantla, Teodoro Cano García, mothandizana ndi osema Vidal Espejel, Rivera Díaz ndi Contreras García. Ntchito yayikuluyo mamita 84 kutalika ndi 4 mita kutalika kwake ili pakhoma losungira la Church of Our Lady of the Assumption ndipo ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mbiri ya Papantla kuyambira nthawi za pre-Columbian mpaka zaka za 20th.
13. Kodi kuli malo owonetsera zakale mtawuniyi?
Teodoro Cano Cultural Center, yotchedwa wojambula ziboliboli wodziwika bwino ku Papantla, wolemba zolemba zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakongoletsa mzindawu, adatsegula zitseko zake mu 2007 pakati pa Papantla. Pakatikati pake pali nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito 22 zopangidwa ndi maluso osiyanasiyana ndi mbuye Cano García, komanso zidutswa zoyambirira komanso zomwe zidafotokozedweratu ku Spain. Ena mwa malo ake owoneka bwino kwambiri ndi omwe amabweretsanso chikhalidwe cha Totonac, monga zakudya zake ndi zovala zachikhalidwe. Nyumba ina yosangalatsa ya Papanteco ndi ya Masks.
14. Kodi mu Museum of Masks ndi chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito maski m'mavinidwe achikhalidwe, miyambo ndi miyambo ndi gawo lazikhalidwe zodziwika bwino zaku Mexico kuyambira nthawi ya Spain isanachitike. Zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga matabwa, zikopa, makatoni, sera ndi papier-mâché, ndipo ndi gawo la zovala zokongola zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mavinidwe ndi momwe amavinira. Makilomita 16. Ku Papantla de Olarte, mdera la San Pablo, kuli Museum of Masks yochititsa chidwi momwe zidutswa zoposa 300 zochokera ku Mexico ndi madera ena padziko lapansi zikuwonetsedwa.
15. Kodi malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja a El Tajín ndi ofunika bwanji?
Amakhulupirira kuti malowa amapezeka 9 km. de Papantla unali likulu la ufumu wa Totonac, wokhala ndi kukongola kwakukulu pakati pa zaka za zana la 9 ndi 12. El Tajín unali mzinda waukulu kwambiri chisanachitike ku Spain kugombe lakumpoto kwa Gulf of Mexico, ngakhale kuti udali ndi anthu ambiri pomwe aku Spain adafika. Zina mwazinthu zake zazikulu ndi Arroyo Gulu, Tajín Chico, makhothi awiri a Masewera a Mpira, Nyumba 3, 23, 15 ndi 5; ndi Pyramid ya Niches yokongola.
16. Kodi Pyramid of the Niches ndi yotani?
Kapangidwe kofunika kwambiri, kosungidwa bwino komanso kodabwitsa kwambiri pa malo ofukula zakale a El Tajín ndi piramidi iyi, yomwe ili ndi milingo 7 ndi 18 mita kutalika. Imalandira dzina lake kuchokera pazithunzi 365 zomwe zidakonzedwa kumaso ake 4, pokhulupirira kuti iliyonse imayimira tsiku la chaka, mwina ngati kalendala. Lingaliro lina likuwonetsa kuti akhoza kukhala malo opangira makandulo kapena tochi kuti awunikire mzindawo.
17. Kodi pali malo owonetsera zakale?
Pakati pa malo ofukulidwa m'mabwinja pali El Tajín Site Museum, malo omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu 1995, omwe ali ndi magawo awiri osiyana. Poyamba, ziboliboli zomwe zimapezeka pazofukula ndi mitundu ina yomwe imamangidwanso bwino momwe mzinda wakale wa Spain usanakhalire ikuwonetsedwa. Gawo lachiwirili likulongosola za moyo wa chitukuko cha Totonac munthawi ya pre-Columbian.
18. Mungandiuze chiyani za vanila?
Simungadziwe kuti vanila ndi mtundu wa orchid. Imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri, Vanilla planifolia, ndi wochokera ku Papantla, wobala zipatso zake zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonunkhira ndi kununkhira. Ngakhale imapezeka mtawuniyi, mitunduyo imakula kumadera ena ku Mexico ndi padziko lapansi. Pofuna kusiyanitsa malonda padziko lonse lapansi, aku Mexico ali ndi chipembedzo choyambirira «Vanilla de Papantla..
19. Kodi nditha kuwona chomera cha vanila?
Xanath Ecological Park idapangidwa ku Papantla ndi banja lotsogozedwa ndi a José Luis Hernández de Cuir, kuti athe kuwonetsa alendo zachilengedwe zozungulira chomera cha vanila ndi mitundu ina monga ndodo youluka ndi chote, chomera Veracruz mankhwala ndi zakudya. Pakiyi ili ndiudzu wobiriwira ndipo ili ndi dera lokhala ndi zingwe zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kupulumutsa kufanana m'derali. Palinso nyumba ya Totonac yokhala ndi temacal ndi zinthu zina zakale.
20. Kodi pali malo ena odyetserako ziweto?
Takilhsukut Theme Park, yomwe ili pa km. 17.5 mseu waukulu pakati pa Poza Rica ndi San Andrés, kutsogolo kwa El Tajín, udapangidwa kuti upulumutse ndikulimbikitsa nzika zaku Veracruz. Pamalowa amawonetsa miyambo, miyambo ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana achitukuko cha Totonac. Imatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse pakati pa 8 koloko mpaka 1 koloko masana, koma tsiku labwino kwambiri kukayendera Loweruka, popeza zochitika zambiri ndizochulukirapo.
21. Kodi ndizowona kuti kulinso mathithi ena abwino?
Makilomita 60. Papantla, mdera la Socialist Insurgents, ndi mathithi okongola omwe adapangidwa mumtsinje wa Joloapan. Malo obisikawa sakulimbikitsidwa pang'ono, ngakhale tsiku lililonse amalandira alendo ambiri omwe azisangalala ndi kukongola kwa mathithi ndikumveka kopumula kwamadzi akugwa. Kuti mufike kumathithi, muyenera kuyenda mumsewu wafumbi.
22. Kodi ndingagule chiyani ngati chikumbutso?
Ku Papantla kuli zaluso, zaluso komanso zophikira, kuzungulira vanila, momwe mafano amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyemba zake ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Ma papantecos ndi aluso kwambiri pakuluka mitengo ya kanjedza yomwe imamera m'minda, momwe amapangira madengu, zipewa, zikwama, mafani ndi nsapato. Mwambo wa Voladores ndi gawo lina lanzeru za akatswiri ojambula, omwe amapanga zitoliro ndi ovina asanachitike ku Spain, ndi dongo ndi nkhuni.
23. Kodi Papanteca gastronomy ndi chiyani?
Zakudya za Papantla ndizosiyanasiyana, zimayimira maphikidwe otengera nkhumba, nkhuku ndi nkhukundembo, tamales wa nyemba, chaca bowa empanadas, ma bocoles odzaza ndi nkhuku, nyemba mumsuzi ndi nandolo ndi nyemba ku alchuchut. Maswiti omwe amawakonda kwambiri ndi mazira a dzungu ndi amondi, nthawi zonse amakomedwa ndi vanila ya Papantla. Achinyamata amitundu yosiyanasiyana amamwa, onse otentha komanso ozizira.
24. Kodi mahotela akulu kwambiri ndi ati?
Hotel Tajín ndi malo osavuta, omwe ali pakatikati pa Papantla, omwe ali ndi zofunikira ndikuwasamalira. Hotel Casa Blanch, ku Benito Juárez 305, ndi malo ogona ochepa, koma oyera, abwino komanso ogwira ntchito zabwino. Hotel Provincia Express, yomwe ili ku Enríquez 103, ili pafupi ndi El Tajín ndipo kuchokera m'makonde ake mutha kuwona kuvina kwa Voladores komwe amachita mumzinda wakale wa Totonac. Malo ena okhala ku Papantla de Olarte ndi Hotel La Quinta de los Leones ndi Hotel Familiar Arenas.
25. Kodi ndingakadye kuti?
Malo odyera Plaza Pardo, kutsogolo kwa bwaloli, ali ndi mbale zaku Mexico, Latin America ndi Spain pamndandanda wake ndipo ali ndi mwayi wowona chiwonetsero cha Voladores. Nakú amapereka chakudya ku Mexico, nsomba zam'madzi ndi ma grills, ndipo amapatsanso mowa wa vanila. Malo odyera a oragora, omwe amapezeka ku Libertad 301, ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndipo amatamandidwa chifukwa chokometsera bwino komanso mitengo yake. La Bosa ndi malo odyera aku Argentina ndipo L'Invito amapereka zakudya zachikhalidwe zaku Italiya.
Wofunitsitsa kunyamula chikwama chanu kuti mupite kukasangalala ndi zikumbutso ndi miyambo ya Papantla de Olarte? Tikukhulupirira kuti mukadzabweranso mutha kutilembera mwachidule zomwe mwachita ndi anthu aku Veracruz ndikuti bukuli likuthandizirani.
