Pakati pa mapiri ouma a Sierra de la Giganta, malowa amatsegulira bata ndi ulemu pamaso pa alendo.
Pakati pa mapiri ouma a Sierra de la Giganta, malowa amatsegulira bata ndi ulemu pamaso pa alendo.
Usiku kumakhala bata kwambiri ndipo kulibe phokoso, koma mafunde am'nyanja komanso kusokonekera kwa mbalame zina zomwe zimaphwanya bata kwakanthawi. Pamene tikukhazikitsa msasa wathu, nyenyezi zikwizikwi zimatiyang'ana kuchokera kumwamba ndikupangitsa kuti tikumbukire mawu omwe wofufuza malo waku Spain a José Longinos adalongosola zakumwamba kwa usiku ku Baja California kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18: "... thambo ndilowoneka bwino, lokongola kwambiri lomwe ndidaliwonapo, komanso ndi nyenyezi zowala kwambiri kotero kuti, ngakhale kulibe mwezi, zikuwoneka kuti pali ... "
Tidali titamva zambiri zakunyanja iyi kwakuti zidakhala zovuta kuti tibwere kudzafufuza; ndipo lero, patapita nthawi, tili pano ku Bahía Concepción, usiku wopanda mweziwu womwe ukutiphimba ndi mdima wake.
A GUYIAGUI ALENDA
M'ntchito yake ya m'zaka za zana la 18, Noticia de la California, Bambo Miguel Venegas akuti "Dzuwa, mwezi ndi nyenyezi ndi amuna ndi akazi. Usiku uliwonse amagwera kunyanja yakumadzulo ndikukakamizidwa kusambira kummawa. Nyenyezi zina ndi magetsi omwe Guyiagui amawunikira kumwamba. Ngakhale amazimitsidwa ndi madzi am'nyanja, tsiku lotsatiranso amatsegulidwanso kum'mawa ... ”Nthano iyi ya Guaycura ikufotokoza momwe Guyiagui (Mzimu Woyendera), woimira Guamongo (Mzimu Waukulu), adadutsa pachilumbachi ndikubzala pitahayas kutsegula malo osodza ndi malo opumira ku Gulf of California; Ntchito yake ikamalizidwa, adakhala pakati pa amunawo kumalo omwe masiku ano amadziwika kuti Puerto Escondido, kumwera kwa Loreto, pafupi ndi Bahía Concepción, ndipo pambuyo pake adabwerera kumpoto, komwe adachokera.
KUZINDIKIRA BAY
Kutuluka kwa dzuwa ndikodabwitsa kwambiri; mapiri a chilumba cha Concepción, komanso zilumba zazing'ono, abwezeretsedwanso ndi thambo lofiira lomwe limaphimba madzi am'mbali modekha ndikutipatsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Tikulowera chakumpoto kwa doko; M'mawa wonse tinali kuyenda ndikuyang'ana malo ozungulira; tsopano tili pamwamba pa phiri laling'ono lomwe lili pamalo otchedwa Punta Piedrita.
Powona doko kuchokera pamwamba, wina amaganiza momwe chidwi chake chiliri m'malo omwe sanasinthe kuyambira pomwe ofufuza oyamba aku Spain adazindikira kukhalapo kwake.
Zinachitika kuti paulendo woyamba wofufuza ku Nyanja ya Cortez, mu 1539, Captain Francisco de Ulloa adatsogolera mabwato ake, Santa Águeda ndi Trinidad, kulowera kumwera, kukwaniritsa ntchito yolemba chilichonse chomwe adapeza m'njira kuti athe Zindikirani gawo latsopanolo, lotchedwa Santa Cruz, lomwe lidalandidwa, m'dzina la King of Spain, lolembedwa ndi Hernán Cortés zaka zapitazo, mu 1535.
Ulloa adanyalanyaza tsambali, koma Francisco Preciado, yemwe anali woyendetsa ndege wamkulu komanso wamkulu wa Trinidad, atayimitsa madzi pang'ono kumpoto, pamtsinje womwe zaka zingapo pambuyo pake udzatchedwa Santa Rosalía, akumutchula mu blog yake ndipo zikuwonetsa kuti amayenera kuzika pamenepo.
Panali maulendo ambiri pambuyo pake ku Baja California peninsula, iliyonse ndi zolinga zake; koma mpaka ulendo wachitatu motsogozedwa ndi Captain Francisco de Ortega ndi pomwe chidwi chapadera chidaperekedwa kunyanjayi.
Ulendo wa Ortega unali wokonda kwambiri kupeza odyetsa ngale kuposa kugawa gawo latsopano; Atachoka mu frigate yawo Madre Luisa de la Ascensión, mamembala a ulendowo adapita ku peninsula; ulendowu, komabe, sunachitike popanda chochitika; atatsala pang'ono kufika pa doko la La Paz, pamalo omwe amatcha Playa Honda, mwina pafupi ndi Pichilingue, adadabwitsidwa ndi mkuntho womwe udawasokoneza.
Anatenga masiku makumi anayi mphambu asanu ndi limodzi kuti apange "sitima yapamadzi" (monga Ortega adayitanira) kuti apitilize ndi kampani yake; Popanda zida kapena mfuti ndipo atangokhala ndi zomwe angathe kupulumutsa kuchokera kuwonongeka kwa bwato lawo, adapitiliza. Pa Marichi 28, 1636, atafika ku Bahía Concepción, Ortega akufotokoza mwambowu motere: “Ndilembetsa malo ena odyetsera komanso osodza ngalezi padoko lalikulu lomwe limadutsa kunyanjako, komwe kuli Kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa mipikisano isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo yonse ili ndi zipolopolo za amayi ake, ndipo kumapeto kwa malowa kupita pagulu lankhondo kumtunda, kuli malo abwino okhala amwenye, ndipo ndimatcha Mkazi Wathu wa Concepción, ndipo ali ndi mbiri kuyambira pachifuwa chimodzi mpaka khumi ”.
Woyendetsa ndegeyo ndi anthu ake adabwerera mu Meyi kudoko la Santa Catalina, ku Sinaloa, komwe adachoka. Palibe nkhani yoti Ortega wabwerera ku Baja California; izo zimasowa mu malingaliro am'mbiri yazaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndipo sizikudziwikanso za izi.
Pambuyo pake, mu 1648, Admiral Pedro Porter y Cassanate adatumizidwa kukafufuza gawo ili la chilumbacho, lomwe adalitcha "Ensenada de San Martín", dzina lomwe silingakhale. Mu 1683 Admiral Isidro de Atondo y Antillón adapanga ulendo watsopano kuti akazindikire malowa, omwe adawalandiranso, tsopano m'dzina la Carlos II.
Apa pakuyamba gawo latsopano m'mbiri ya chilumbachi, monga makolo a Matías Goñi ndi Eusebio Francisco Kino wopambana, onse ochokera ku Society of Jesus, anali ndi Atondo; amishonalewo adadutsa chilumbacho ndikukonzekera ulendo wopita ku Baja California. Kino adapanga mamapu angapo omwe panthawiyo sanali otsimikiza kuti anali chilumba, pogwiritsa ntchito gawo labwino la toponymy woperekedwa ndi Ortega.
Juan María de Salvatierra atafika pachilumbachi mu 1697 ndi cholinga chokhazikitsa anthu okhala m'malo otchedwa San Bruno, adayamba kulowa kunyanjayo chifukwa cha mkuntho. Nthawi yomweyo anafufuza malowa ndipo sanapeze madzi abwino akuwoneka kuti sangakhalemo.
Mu Ogasiti 1703, atalamulidwa ndi bambo Salvatierra, Abambo Píccolo ndi Balsadua adapeza mtsinje womwe adawawona polowa ku Bahía Concepción; pambuyo pake, akukwera kumtunda ndikutsogoleredwa ndi mbadwa za Cochimí, amafika pamalo pomwe ntchito ya Santa Rosalía de Mulegé idakhazikitsidwa. Ndi nsembe zambiri, ntchitoyi idakhazikitsidwa ndipo kuyesera kokha kwa bambo Balsadua kunapangitsa kuti athe kutsatira njira yolumikizana ndi Mulegé ndi Loreto, likulu lakale la Californias (mwachidziwikire, gawo la mseu waukulu womwe umadutsa apa amatenga gawo la sitiroko yoyambirira).
Pomaliza ndi mbiri yakale iyi, ndikofunikira kutchula kampani yayikulu ya Abambo Ugarte, yomwe inali yopanga zombo, El Triunfo de la Cruz, ndimatabwa ochokera ku California, ndikupita kumpoto kukawona ngati malowa adapangadi chilumba ; Bahía Concepción adakhala ngati pothawirapo iye pafupifupi kumapeto kwa ulendo wake, pomwe Ugarte ndi anyamata ake adadabwitsidwa ndi gulu lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe adakumana nalo panjira. Atamangirira, adapita ku Mulegé mission, komwe bambo Sistiaga adapita nawo; pambuyo pake adafika ku Loreto, mu Seputembara 1721. Zonsezi ndi zina zambiri zidachitika mwa iwo nthawiyo, pomwe Pacific Ocean inali Nyanja Yakumwera; Nyanja ya Cortez inkadziwika kuti Nyanja Yofiira; Baja California idawonedwa ngati chilumba ndipo kuwerengera komwe adali inali udindo wa amene amadziwa "kuyeza dzuwa".
Minda YABWINO YOMWE INALI M'MADZI
Bahía Concepción ili ndi zilumba zingapo pomwe nyama zam'madzi, mbalame zam'madzi, mafriji, akhwangwala ndi zisa, pakati pa mbalame zina zambiri. Tinaganiza zogona pafupi ndi chilumba cha La Pitahaya, m'munsi mwa phiri la Punta Piedrita.
Dzuwa likulowa limapanga mapiri omwe, mbali inayo ya bay, amakhala osagonjetseka. Usiku komanso titawotcha pang'ono, timakonzekera kumvera phokoso lanyumba yamchipululu ndikudabwa ndi kulimba kwa nyanja komwe timalandila pang'ono; nsomba zam'madzi zimadumphadumpha ndikukangana kwambiri ndi tochi, ndikupangitsa kuti nthawiyo ikhale yosadabwitsa.
Kumayamba ndi kusewera kosangalatsa kwa magetsi ndi matani; Tikadya kadzutsa mopepuka timalowa m'madzi kuti tikalowe m'dziko lina, lodzaza ndi moyo; Mbalame zotchedwa stingray zimadutsa mosatekeseka, ndipo masukulu a nsomba zamitundu yambiri amasambira kudutsa m'nkhalango za kelp zomwe zimapanga nkhalango yapansi pamadzi modabwitsa. Wowomba wina wamkulu amatulutsa mwamanyazi, osakhala patali, ngati kuti akukayikira kupezeka kwathu.
Kagulu kakang'ono ka nkhanu kakang'ono kamene kamadutsa limodzi ndi gulu lina la tiana tating'onoting'ono, tating'ono kwambiri timawoneka ngati zinyalala zowonekera poyenda; nsomba ziwiri zoyera kuchokera mbali imodzi kupita mbali ina. Pali ma anemone, masiponji, ndi kuuma kwa catharine; chinsalu chachikulu cha m'nyanja chovala chofiirira ndi malalanje chakhazikika pamwala. Madzi, komabe, ndi mitambo pang'ono chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nkhalango zomwe zimapezeka pano komanso zomwe zimatulutsa mawu ofiira pagombe.
Ngati muli ndi mwayi, ndizotheka kuwona akamba am'madzi, ndipo nthawi zina ma dolphin amapita kunyanja. Ku gombe la El Coyote madzi amakhala ofunda ndipo mafunde amadutsa pamenepo ndi kutentha kwenikweni. Pafupi ndi Santispac, kuseri kwa mangrove, omwe ali ambiri mderali, pali dziwe lamadzi otentha omwe amatumphuka mpaka 50 digiri Celsius.
Dzuwa likulowa likuwulula mawonekedwe ake, tsopano ndi china choti atipatse, comet wokongola, wapaulendo wosatopa yemwe amakongoletsa kukongola kwake mumlengalenga mwadzaza nyenyezi; Mwinamwake ndi Guyiagui amene akutiwonetsera ife, pamene tatsiriza ulendo wathu.
Gwero: Mexico Yosadziwika No. 285 / November 2000
