Ndi zipewa khumi ndi ziwiri zoopsa, Zempoala, Hidalgo, amatha kunyadira moyenerera ulemu wa "municipal of pulque haciendas." Ndi malo ochepa ku Mexico omwe angadzitamande chifukwa chokhala ndi ma haciendas ambiri okongola m'dera laling'ono chonchi.
Mbiri yakale imanena za ma haciendas opitilira 20 m'malo omwe tsopano ndi Zempoala. Lero pali khumi ndi awiri otsala omwe, ngakhale zili choncho, ndi ochuluka kwambiri ku masipala okhala ndi ma 31,000 ha. Pokhala ndi magawo awiri okha a dera lonse la Hidalgo, Zempoala amasunga magawo asanu ndi limodzi mwa mafamu 200 omwe amawerengedwa ku Hidalgo. Ziwerengerozi zimatanthauzanso kuti tikamayenda misewuyi timakumana ndi tawuni yakale makilomita asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi atatu aliwonse, nthawi zina ocheperako. Zempoala, mwachidule, ndi tawuni yomwe iyenera kuyendera ngati tikufuna kuthirira minda yaku Mexico.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti manambala sizinthu zonse. Kukongola kwa Zempoala haciendas wakale, ngakhale atha kusangalala nawo mopitilira muyeso, kumawonekera modabwitsa mwa iliyonse ya izo. Makhalidwe wamba amapezeka ndikufanizira, koma nthawi zonse pamakhala kusiyana kwakukulu.
Madera a purezidenti
Ngati pali mawonekedwe ophiphiritsa a madera a Zempoala, ndiye Don Manuel González, wamkulu wodziwika bwino wowolowa manja komanso mnzake wa Porfirio Díaz, yemwe anali Purezidenti wa Mexico pakati pa 1880 ndi 1884. Adapeza zigawo ziwiri zophatikizana kummawa kwa tawuniyi. A Santa Rita, omwe kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 anali a Marionessess a Selva Nevada, omwe amasungabe mpweya wawo wotsutsana. Pamakona ake ena muli chitsime chachikulu chomwe chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri mdzikolo. Pakati pa hacienda iyi ndi ya Zontecamate, tawuni ya Singuilucan, yayima, yabisika, malo okongola a Tecajete hacienda omwe anali, ndi chifukwa chabwino, omwe amakonda a González.
Malinga ndi malipoti, González atakhala Purezidenti adalamula katswiri wazomangamanga Antonio Rivas Mercado kuti amangenso hacienda, yemwe wabwerera kumene kuchokera ku maphunziro ake ku France (onani Unknown Mexico Nos. 196 ndi 197). Rivas Mercado, wokumbukiridwa koposa zonse pa gawo la Independence ku Paseo de la Reforma, adasiya nyumba yachifumu kumeneko, yotamandika kunja ndikupatsidwa mabwalo amtendere mkati. Mmodzi mwa iwo galasi lalikulu la jagüey limafalikira ndipo, pang'ono pang'ono, m'munda wa zipatso, pali zipilala 46 zachigawo choyambirira cha ngalande yotchuka ya Padre Tembleque. Kupyola mu izi zonse, sizosadabwitsa kuti purezidenti adazitenga ngati ngodya yomwe amakonda kwambiri.
Masewera a makhadi
Kumbali ina yamatauni ndi ma haciendas omwe anali am'banja la Enciso. Pakati pa zaka za zana la 19 - kuchuluka kwa ana ake - Cesario Enciso adataya Hacienda de Venta de Cruz, ku State of Mexico (mita zochepa kuchokera kumalire ndi Hidalgo) pamasewera amakhadi. Don Cesario adamanganso chuma chake ndikumanga chomwe chimadziwika kuti Casa Grande mtawuniyi, amodzi mwa madera ochepa m'chigawochi omwe sanapange pulque. Zinali ngati nyumba yogona banja komanso malo ogulitsa. Anthu akumaloko amatchulabe "Big Shop". Imasunga zipinda zokongola za anthology komanso pansi, kuseri kwa zipata zazitali, mipando yoyambirira ya sitolo yayikulu ya Porfirian, komanso buledi wokhala ndi uvuni wazaka zana.
Panthawi yophulika kwa pulquero, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, a Encisos adalimbikitsa kupanga chakumwa ku Los Olivos, pafupi ndi tawuniyi. Iwo mwamatsenga amatchedwa "chiweto" chomwe chinali ndi kukula kwa hacienda weniweni; kumeneko kunkakhala woyang'anira, yemwe nyumba yake inkasilira eni nyumba m'modzi. Palinso zipata zoyambirira zomwe Casa Grande inali nayo mpaka zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi, pomwe idamangidwanso.
Pafupi ndi izi pali ma haciendas ena awiri owoneka bwino. Tepa El Chico ili ndi nyumba yake yayikulu kwambiri pamtunda wazitali momwe muli nsanja, tinacal, nyumba yayikulu, chapel ndi nsanja ina. Pamaso pa mzerewu mutha kuwona njanji yakale yopapatiza yomwe "nsanja" zokhala ndi migolo ya pulque idathamangira kokwerera njanji. Zonsezi ndizosavomerezeka.
San José Tetecuinta ndi yaying'ono, koma yolemekezeka kwambiri. Mseuwo umaloza kunjira yomwe ili pafupi ndi kasupe kutsogolo kwa khonde lalitali kwambiri lamakhonde. Malo akumidzi - mwina zithunzi zojambulidwa chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi - amakongoletsa zingapo zamkati ndi kunja kwa nyumbayo.
San Antonio ndi Montecillos
Kummwera chakum'mawa kwa tawuniyi kuli minda iwiri yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ndi yakale kwambiri. Akuti San Antonio Tochatlaco adamangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 19. Montecillos ili ndi mbali ina yotsutsana. Awiriwa amapereka kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe. Pomwe woyamba amamangidwa ndikupanga kansalu kakang'ono kamodzi, inayo ndi nyumba zosungunuka: nyumba, tinacal, makola, calpanería, ndi zina zambiri.
Pali minda ina yomwe mwatsoka imatha kuyenderedwa, koma yomwe imatha kusangalatsidwa kuchokera kunja. Imodzi ndi Arcos, yoonekera kuchokera pamsewu waukulu wopita ku Tulancingo. Lili ndi dzinalo mwina chifukwa lili mbali ina yazomanga ya ngalande ya Otumba, pafupi ndi Tecajete. Wina ndi Pueblilla, pakati pa Santa Rita ndi tawuni ya Zempoala. Hacienda iyi, yomwe ili ndi imodzi mwazithunzi zabwino kwambiri zopezeka ku Hidalgo, imangobwereza seweroli - komanso chuma- cha tawuni: mkati mwaiwalika ndikusiya kukongola kwakale kwa Porfirian kukuwalabe.
Momwe mungafikire ku Zempoala
Kuchoka ku Mexico City pamsewu waukulu wa Pirámides-Tulancingo (nambala 132). Poyamba kupatuka kupita ku Ciudad Sahagún-Pachuca, tembenuzirani kumpoto kulowera ku Pachuca; Zempoala ili pamtunda wa makilomita asanu kuchokera kumeneko (ndi 25 km kumwera kwa Pachuca).
Madera oyendetsedwa ndi matauni (omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa) ndi a eni ake omwe ali mgulu la Association of Landowners of Zempoala. Thupi ili limavomereza ndikuyang'anira kuchezera kwamagulu, makamaka kwakukulu (mwa anthu angapo).
Mtolankhani komanso wolemba mbiri. Ndi pulofesa wa Geography and History and Historical Journalism ku Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, komwe amayesa kufalitsa malingaliro ake kudzera m'makona achilendo omwe amapanga dziko lino.
