Chochitika chazotsatira zazikulu chinachitika ku Mesoamerica cha m'ma 650 BC.
Chochitika chofika patali chidachitika ku Mesoamerica cha m'ma 650 BC: kupezeka kwa zinthu zakunja mkati mwa njira yoyimira Olmec, yokhudzana ndi mbalame zodya nyama, njoka, nyamazi, ndi achule kapena achule; koma, koposa zonse, ndi nkhope zamtundu womwetulira zomwe zidayamba kulowa m'malo mwa "nkhope ya mwana" ngati woimira wapadera waumunthu wa luso ili.
Ku Chalcatzingo salinso anthropomorphic wophatikizika yemwe amawoneka opumula mkati mwa phanga ndipo amadziwika kuti "El Rey". Pakhoma pakhomo lolowera kuphanga la Oxtotitlán, si anthropomorph yemwe wakhala pachithunzi chojambulidwa cha zoomorph ya reptilia, koma munthu woyimiriridwa ngati mbalame yodya nyama ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimamugwirizana ndi zoomorph. Ku La Venta stelae ambiri amawonetsa munthu m'modzi kapena angapo ovala bwino masitaelo osadziwika, osati Olmec, okhala ndi zithunzi za anthropomorph ngati chinthu chachiwiri ngati medallion, insignia kapena choyandama mozungulira iwo, ndi zoomorph ngati nsanja, kapena basal band. pomwe Ambuye akukhala chilili.
Kusintha kwa zaluso za Olmec sikudzidzimutsa, koma kwachitika pang'onopang'ono komanso mwamtendere, popeza palibe umboni wofukula m'mabwinja wankhondo kapena kugonjetsa. Zithunzi zatsopanozi zimaphatikizidwa mwachindunji momwe zimayimira chikhalidwe cha Olmec. Kuyesera, zikuwoneka, kunali kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zidalipo kale kuti zitsimikizire ndikulimbikitsa malingaliro atsopano, kusintha zomwe zinali luso lachipembedzo kwa omwe mwachiwonekere anali ndi chifukwa chomveka chazandale.
Pofika 500 BC, "Olmec" kale imagwira ntchito ziwiri: imodzi yothandiza maulamuliro omwe amawongolera, ndipo inayo, yokhudzana ndi tanthauzo lachipembedzo, kuti alimbikitse udindo wawo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira pantchitoyi, chachikulu pachikhalidwe cha Mesoamerica, chinali mawonekedwe owoneka ngati milungu, monga omwe timadziwa kuchokera ku Classic ndi Postclassic.
Ndizotheka kuti omwe adasinthiratu omwe adasintha izi adachokera kumwera, kuchokera kumapiri komanso kuchokera pagombe la Pacific la Chiapas ndi Guatemala, komwe yade adachokera komanso komwe pamsewu wake wamalonda timapeza ziboliboli zambiri ndi ma petroglyphs mumachitidwe osinthidwa a Olmec monga omwe ali ku Abaj Takalik, Ojo de Agua, Pijijiapan ndi Padre Piedra, m'malo ena. Panthawi yolemera (900-700 BC) La Venta idadya yade yambiri (kwa iwo yamtengo wapatali kuposa golide kwa ife) pazinthu zokongola zokhala ndi mafano, masks, zinthu zamwambo monga nkhwangwa ndi mabwato ang'onoang'ono, zina ntchito zamwambo ndi zokongoletsa. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu za jade zimayikidwa m'manda kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito polambira pamapiri ndi nsanja, komanso popereka zipilala kutsogolo kwa zipilala.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri yade kumeneku kudapangitsa kuti azidalira ambuye omwe amayang'anira magwero azinthu zamtengo wapatali ku Guatemala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zikopa zakumwera zimawoneka mu miyala, maguwa ndi zipilala zina za La Venta. Zokopa izi ziliponso m'mipanda ina ya San Lorenzo, ndi Stela C ndi Monument C ya Tres Zapotes. Ngakhale ma jade otchedwa "Olmec" opezeka ku Costa Rica amafanana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe ichi cha Pacific Pacific kuposa anthu aku Gulf.
Kusintha kwa zaluso za Olmec ndichosintha chikhalidwe, mwinanso chofunikira kwambiri kuposa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawonekedwe owonekera potengera zikhulupiriro zosamveka, monganso Olmec yomwe. Kuposa kalembedwe kosinthidwa, luso la "Olmec" lomalizirali ndiye maziko kapena luso laukadaulo munthawi yachikale ya dziko la Mesoamerica.
Chitsime: Ndime za Mbiri Na. 5 Lords of the Gulf Coast / Disembala 2000
